THE   HISTORY   OF 
PI  BETA  PHI   FRATERNITY 


May  Lansfield  Keller. 


THE  HISTORY  OF 
PI  BETA  PHI  FRATERNITY 


COMPILED  BY 
ELIZABETH    ALLEN    CLARKE  -  HELMICK 

Michigan  Alpha,  Historian 


PUBLISHED   BY 
PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

1915 


(•• 


Copyright,  1915 
BY  ELIZABETH  A.  HELMICK 


DAVID   D.    NICKERSON  &   CO. 
PUBLISHERS 


INTRODUCTORY 

THE  material  for  this  record  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  Frater- 
nity has  been  gathered  from  the  extensive  research  and 
correspondence  of  Mrs.  Rainie  Adamson-Small,  Histo- 
rian 1890-1892,  Mrs.  May  Reynolds-Drybread,  Historian 
1892-1893,  Olive  McHenry,  Historian  1893-1895,  and 
Jeannette  Zeppenfeld,  Historian  1906-1910,  from  the 
chapter  history  studies,  instituted  in  1897  by  Susan 
Lewis,  Historian  1895-1906,  from  the  Arrow  files  gath- 
ered and  bound  by  Mrs.  Kate  King-Bostwick,  Historian 
1910-1912,  and  from  personal  letters  and  information 
from  alumn«e. 

The  author  has  tried  to  keep  in  mind  the  fact  that 
this  work  was  ordered  compiled  primarily  for  the  busy 
student  Pi  Phi,  and  she  has  left  out  much  that  would 
have  given  her  real  pleasure  to  have  included  in  our 
Fraternity's  life  story. 

The  study  of  the  history  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity 
and  intimate  intercourse  with  our  loyal  alumnse  have 
been  an  inspiration  and  joy.  Our  Founders  and  our 
makers  of  early  history,  and  all  alumnaa  have  a  right  to 
exact  of  the  Pi  Phis  of  to-day  that  they  preserve  the 
traditions,  uphold  the  standards,  and  ever  live  constant 
to  their  vows  and  the  ideals  and  honor  of  Pi  Beta  Phi. 
ELIZABETH  ALLEN  CLARKE  -  HELMICK, 

Historian. 
Fort  Sheridan,  Illinois, 
April  28,  1915. 


331106 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Introductory iii 

Roll  of  Active  Chapters 11 

Roll  of  Inactive  Chapters 14 

I.    In  the  Beginning 19 

II.    Rivalry 25 

III.  Extension 31 

IV.  Inactive  Chapters 57 

V.    Organization  and  Government 71 

VI.    National  Conventions 89 

VH.    Insignia 123 

VIII.    Alumnae   Organizations 129 

IX.    Alumnae  Clubs 139 

X.     Incorporation 165 

XI.    Grand  Officers 169 

XII.    The  Fraternity  Magazine 177 

XIII.    Catalogue  and  Calendars 195 

XIV.    Pi  Beta  Phi  Song  Book 203 

XV.    Symphony  and  Coat-of-Arms 207 

XVI.    The  "Cookie   Shine" 211 

XVII.    Fellowships,  Scholarships  and  Loan  Funds      .        .217 

XVIII.    Fraternity  Examinations 227 

XIX.    Pan-Hellenic   Conventions 233 

XX.    Pi  Beta  Phi  Settlement  School 245 

XXI.    Conclusion 253 

Fraternity  Directory 259 

Index                                                                                                 ,  265 


LIST   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS 

PAGE 

May  Lansfield  Keller Frontispiece 

Nancy  Black 19 

Libbie  Brook         .        . 19 

Clara  Brownlee 19 

Emma  Brownlee 19 

Ada  Bruen 21 

Jennie  Home 21 

Maggie  Campbell 21 

Rose  Moore 21 

Jennie   Nicol 25 

Fannie  Thompson 25 

Ina  Smith 25 

Fannie  Whitenack 25 

The   Whitenack   House 29 

Kansas  Alpha 33 

Michigan   Beta 33 

Colorado  Alpha 35 

Illinois  Beta 37 

Colorado  Beta 37 

Iowa  Zeta 37 

Michigan   Alpha 37 

Illinois  Delta 37 

Columbia  Alpha 37 

California  Alpha 41 

Minnesota  Alpha 41 

Illinois   Zeta 41 

Vermont  Alpha 41 

Ohio  Alpha  , 41 

Vermont  Beta 43 

vii 


THE  HISTORY  OF 
PI  BETA  PHI  FRATERNITY 

ROLL    OF   ACTIVE    CHAPTERS 
1868-1915 

1.  Iowa  Alpha,  Iowa  Wesleyan  College,  Mt.  Pleasant,  Decem- 

ber 21,  1868. 

2.  Illinois  Beta,  Lombard  College,  Galesburg,  June  22,  1872. 

3.  Kansas  Alpha,  Kansas  State  University,  Lawrence,  April  1, 

1873. 

4.  Iowa  Beta,  Simpson  College,  Indianola,  October  13,  1874. 

5.  Iowa  Gamma,  Iowa  State  College,  Ames,  May  11,  1877. 

6.  Iowa  Zeta,  Iowa  State  University,  Iowa  City,  February  12, 

1882. 

7.  Illinois  Delta,  Knox  College,  Galesburg,  March  7,  1884. 

8.  Colorado  Alpha,  University  of  Colorado,  Boulder,  October  15, 

1884. 

9.  Colorado  Beta,  University  of  Denver,  Denver,  February   12, 

1885. 

10.  Michigan  Alpha,  Hillsdale  College,  Hillsdale,  May  21,  1887. 

11.  Indiana  Alpha,  Franklin  College,  Franklin,  January  16,  1888. 

12.  Michigan  Beta,  University  of  Michigan,  Ann  Arbor,  April  7, 

1888. 

13.  Columbia  Alpha,   George  Washington  University,   Washing- 

ton, D.  C.,  April  27,  1889. 

14.  Ohio  Alpha,  Ohio  University,  Athens,  December  16,   1889. 

15.  Minnesota    Alpha,    University    of    Minnesota,    Minneapolis, 

May  30,  1890. 

11 


12  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

16.  Louisiana    Alpha,    H.    Sophie    Newcomb    Memorial    College, 

New  Orleans,  October  29,  1891. 

17.  Pennsylvania  Alpha,  Swarthmore  College,  Swarthmore,  Octo- 

ber 12,  1892. 

18.  Indiana  Beta,  University  of  Indiana,  Bloomington,  April  13, 

1893. 

19.  California   Alpha,    Leland    Stanford   University,   Palo   Alto, 

September  13,  1893. 

20.  Vermont  Alpha,  Middlebury  College,  Middlebury,  December 

I,  1893. 

21.  Ohio  Beta,  Ohio  State  University,  Columbus,  April  5,  1894. 

22.  Illinois    Epsilon,   Northwestern    University,    Evanston,    May 

26,  1894. 

23.  Wisconsin  Alpha,  University  of  Wisconsin,  Madison,  Novem- 

ber 1,  1894. 

24.  Pennsylvania   Beta,   Bucknell   University,   Lewisburg,  Janu- 

ary 4,  1895. 

25.  Nebraska  Beta,  University  of  Nebraska,  Lincoln,  January 

21,  1895. 

26.  Illinois  Zeta,  University  of  Illinois,  Champaign,  October  26, 

1895. 

27.  New  York  Alpha,  Syracuse  University,  Syracuse,  February 

II,  1896. 

28.  Massachusetts  Alpha,  Boston  University,  Boston,  March  7, 

1896. 

29.  Maryland    Alpha,    Goucher    College,    Baltimore,    January    9, 

1897. 

30.  Indiana    Gamma,   Butler    College,   Indianapolis,   August   27, 

1897. 

31.  Vermont  Beta,  University  of  Vermont,  Burlington,  Novem- 

ber 24,  1898. 

32.  Missouri  Alpha,  University  of  Missouri,  Columbia,  May  27, 

1899. 

33.  California  Beta,  University  of  California,  Berkeley,  August 

27,  1900. 

34.  Texas  Alpha,  University  of  Texas,  Austin,  February  19,  1902. 


ROLL    OF   ACTIVE    CHAPTERS  13 

35.  Pennsylvania  Gamma,  Dickinson  College,  Carlisle,  December 

21,  1903. 

36.  New  York  Beta,  Barnard  College,  New  York  City,  May  28, 

1904. 

37.  Washington  Alpha,  University  of  Washington,  Seattle,  Jan- 

uary 5,  1907. 

38.  Missouri  Beta,  Washington  University,  St.  Louis,  March  22, 

1907. 

39.  Ontario  Alpha,  University  of  Toronto,  Toronto,  December  11, 

1908. 

40.  Arkansas  Alpha,  University  of  Arkansas,  Fayetteville,  De- 

cember 29,  1909. 

41.  Oklahoma  Alpha,  University  of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Septem- 

ber 1,  1910. 

42.  Wyoming  Alpha,  University  of  Wyoming,  Laramie,  Septem- 

ber 8,  1910. 

43.  Illinois  Eta,  James  Millikin  University,  Decatur,  March  29, 

1912. 

44.  Washington  Beta,  Washington  State  College,  Pullman,  July 

6,  1912. 

45.  Florida  Alpha,  John  B.  Stetson  University,  DeLand,  Janu- 

ary 30,  1913. 

46.  Virginia  Alpha,  Randolph-Macon  College,  College  Park,  May 

10,  1913. 

47.  Missouri  Gamma,  Drury  College,  Springfield,  January  9,  1914. 

48.  New  York  Gamma,  St.  Lawrence  University,  Canton,  March 

20,  1914. 


ROLL    OF    INACTIVE    CHAPTERS 
1867-1915 

1.  Monmouth  College,  Monmouth,  HI.,  April  27,  1867-1884. 

2.  Mt.  Pleasant  Female  Seminary,  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa,  October, 

1869-1871. 

3.  Asbury   University,   Greencastle,   Indiana,   September,    1870- 

1877. 

4.  Baptist  Young  Ladies'  Seminary,  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  De- 

cember,  1870-1871. 

5.  Illinois    Wesleyan    College,    Bloomington,    Illinois,    February 

18,  1872— 

6.  State  Institute,  Bloomington,  Indiana,  April,  1872-1885. 

7.  Pella  College,  Pella,  Iowa,  1881— 

8.  Dearborn     Seminary,     Chicago,     Illinois,     November,     1881- 

November,  1883. 

9.  Jacksonville  Female  Academy,  Jacksonville,  Illinois,  Novem- 

ber, 1881-1884. 

10.  Clarinda,  Iowa,  Nu  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  1881-1885.     (Associate.) 

11.  Burlington,  Iowa,  Omicron  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  July,  1881-1885. 

(Associate.) 

12.  Iowa  State  Normal  School,  Bloomfield,  Iowa,  October,  1881- 

1885. 

13.  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  Omega  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  May,  1882-1893. 

(Alumnae.) 

14.  Carthage    College,    Carthage,    Illinois,    September    13,    1882- 

1888. 

15.  Fairfield,  Iowa,  Beta  Omega  of  I.  C.,  October  12,  1882-1890. 

(Alumnae  and  Associate.) 

16.  Nebraska  Methodist  College,  York,  Nebraska,  July  5,  1884- 

1892. 

14 


ROLL    OF    INACTIVE    CHAPTERS  15 

17.  Ottumwa,  Iowa,  Iowa  Theta  of  I.  CX,  August  22,  1884-1886. 

(Associate.) 

18.  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  Delta  Omega  of  I.  C.,  September  12,  1884- 

1893.     (Alumnae.) 

19.  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa,  Gamma  Omega  of  I.  C.,  September,  1884- 

1893.      (Alumnae.) 

20.  Coe  College,  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  Lambda  of  I.  C.,  1884-1886. 

21.  Wesleyan  College,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  January  14,  1885-1886. 

22.  Lawrence,     Kansas,     Kappa     Omega     of     I.     C.,     1885-1886. 

(Alumnae.) 

23.  Callanan  College,  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  October,  1886-1888. 

24.  Hastings   College,  Hastings,  Nebraska,  November  17,   1887- 

1890. 

25.  University    of    Ohio,    Wooster,    Ohio,    September    20,    1910- 

February  14,  1913. 


"  In  the  progress  of  each  man's  character,  his  relation 
to  the  best  men,  which  at  first  seems  only  the  romance 
of  youth,  acquires  a  graver  importance;  and  he  will 
have  learned  the  lesson  of  life  who  is  skilled  in  the  ethics 
of  friendship."  —  EMERSON. 


Nancy  Black. 
Libbie  Brook. 


Clara  Brownlee. 
Emma  Brownlee. 


CHAPTER   I 

IN   THE   BEGINNING 

THE  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity  was  founded  under  the 
name  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  on  April  28,  1867,  in  Monmouth 
College,  Monmouth,  Illinois,  by  the  following  eleven 
students  of  that  college :  —  Nannie  L.  Black  (Mrs.  Rob- 
ert Wallace),  M.  Libbie  Brook  (Mrs.  John  H.  Gaddis), 
Clara  Brownlee  (Mrs.  A.  P.  Hutchinson),  Emma 
Brownlee  (Mrs.  J.  C.  Kilgore),  Ada  C.  Bruen  (Mrs.  S. 
Graham),  Maggie  F.  Campbell  (Mrs.  J.  R.  Hughes), 
Jennie  Home  (Mrs.  Thomas  B.  Turnbull),  M.  Rosetta 
Moore,  Ina  B.  Smith  (Mrs.  M.  C.  Soule),  Fannie  A. 
Thompson  (died  in  1868)  and  Fannie  B.  Whitenack 
(Mrs.  Howard  Libby).  Jennie  Nicol  was  the  first  initi- 
ate, and  was  regarded  as  one  of  the  Founders. 

11  In  1865,  Beta  Theta  Pi  and  Delta  Tau  Delta  estab- 
lished chapters  at  Monmouth  College,  and  the  following 
year  Phi  Gamma  Delta  came  into  existence.  This  con- 
temporaneous advent  of  so  many  fraternities  into  a 
school  in  which  national  Greek-lettered  societies  had 
previously  been  unknown  created  throughout  the  stu- 
dent body  great  interest  in  the  fraternity  question. 
Greek-lettered,  or  secret  societies,  naturally  enough, 
became  a  general  topic  of  conversation  among  both  men 
and  women  undergraduates.  Thus,  it  came  about  one 
evening,  when  Libbie  Brook,  Ada  Bruen,  Clara  and 

19 


20  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Emma  Brownlee  and  Fannie  Whitenack  were  gathered 
in  the  latter's  home,  that  the  topic  of  fraternities  was 
under  discussion,  which  resulted  in  the  founding  even- 
tually of  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity. 

"  '  Why  cannot  we  college  girls  also  have  a  frater- 
nity? '  asked  Emma  Brownlee.  The  suggestion  met 
with  favor,  and  the  five  girls  chose  six  other  girls  as  co- 
founders  of  the  proposed  organization.  On  April  28, 
1867,  a  meeting  was  held  in  the  Holt  house,  where  Libbie 
Brook  and  Ada  Bruen  roomed,  to  organize  the  proposed 
sorosis.  Ten  of  the  eleven  girls  attended  this  meeting. 
Fannie  Thompson  was  not  present,  though  she  had  ac- 
cepted the  invitation  to  join  the  society.  At  this  meet- 
ing Emma  Brownlee  was  made  temporary  president  and 
Nannie  Black  was  made  temporary  secretary.  A  com- 
mittee was  appointed  to  draw  up  a  constitution  and 
nominate  officers,  and  the  grip  was  settled  upon. 

"  The  next  meeting,  May  5th,  held  at  Maggie  Camp- 
bell 's  home,  was  surrounded  with  a  secrecy  and  mystery 
which  would  startle  us  to-day.  Behind  closed  blinds, 
and  in  whispered  words,  our  constitution  was  adopted, 
every  other  two  letters  being  omitted  when  written  to 
insure  secrecy." 

The  founding  of  our  Fraternity  was  not  the  outcome 
of  a  hasty,  thoughtless  school-girl's  whim  or  sentimental 
flash,  but  the  result  of  serious  discussion  and  planning. 
The  early  days  were  teeming  with  sacrifice  and  service. 
The  very  name  chosen  by  them,  I.  C.,  known  to  all  Pi 
Phis,  published  their  standard,  and  to  the  wisdom,  in- 
telligence and  endurance  of  these  women  we  owe  the 
long  and  successful  life  of  our  Fraternity.  To  these 


Ada  Bruen. 
Jennie  Home. 


Maggie  Campbell. 
Rose  Moore. 


IN   THE    BEGINNING  21 

pioneers,  with  their  rare  insight  into  the  needs  and  de- 
mands of  the  rising  generations  of  women  for  higher 
and  broader  intellectual  and  spiritual  development  and 
unity,  all  fraternity  women  of  all  creeds  should  offer 
homage. 

The  college  secret  fraternities  to-day  hold  thousands 
of  kindred  spirits  together,  under  many  different  badges, 
yet  with  similar  aims.  The  Arrow  does  not  pierce  the 
realm  of  any  other  fraternity  than  Pi  Beta  Phi,  but  the 
aims  and  ideals  of  the  great  body  fraternal  are  the  same 
that  prompted  our  Founders  forty-eight  years  ago,  and 
have  stirred  the  hearts  and  deep  emotions  of  every  fra- 
ternity woman  for  all  these  years. 

From  the  very  inception  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  our  Found- 
ers worked  for  a  national  organization.  At  the  first 
meeting,  in  April,  1867,  when  the  constitution  was  dis- 
cussed, the  idea  of  a  national  order  was  dwelt  upon  and 
forcibly  emphasized.  At  the  second  regular  meeting,  on 
May  5th,  the  name  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  and  the  Constitution 
were  finally  adopted,  the  badge  was  settled  upon,  and 
the  first  election  of  officers  under  the  Constitution  re- 
sulted in  making  Emma  Brownlee  president,  Nannie 
Black  secretary,  and  Maggie  Campbell  treasurer. 

Our  Founders  were  not  ignorant  of  the  opposition 
they  would  have  to  contend  with  in  executing  their  well 
laid  plans.  They  realized  that  it  meant  sacrifice,  and 
scattered  throughout  the  pages  of  our  early  history  we 
read  of  the  constant  devotion  and  unfailing  loyalty  to 
the  objects  and  ideals  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  The  stirring  ac- 
counts of  the  early  struggle  for  recognition,  the  grave 
opposition  to  woman's  aggression  upon  man's  privileges, 


22  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

and  the  miraculous  growth  of  chapters  and  enthusiasm 
would  fill  a  book  throbbing  with  vital  interest.  The  ad- 
vent of  a  woman's  secret  society,  patterned  after  the 
well  established  men's  fraternities  in  college,  was  "  such 
a  new  and  wonderful  vision  to  the  developing  woman  of 
that  day  that  it  filled  them  with  fear,"  and  Mrs.  Emma 
Brownlee-Kilgore,  our  Founder,  tells  us  that  on  May 
14,  1867,  "  when  the  eleven  members  of  the  new  chapter 
finally  ventured  forth  in  chapel,  wearing  the  golden 
Arrow  for  the  first  time,  it  was  a  long-to-be-remembered 
event ;  the  young  men  cheered,  the  Faculty  smiled,  and 
we  felt  that  it  was  truly  an  important  occasion. ' '  Here 
was  laid  the  new  and  lasting  foundation  for  greater  op- 
portunities for  women,  and  a  precedent  for  the  ensuing 
generations  was  established.  Truly,  the  fruits  of  our 
Founders'  planting  on  virgin  soil  have  exceeded  their 
fondest  dreams. 


''  Let  us  then  be  what  we  are,  and  speak  what  we 
think,  and  in  all  things  keep  ourselves  loyal  to  truth,  and 
the  sacred  professions  of  friendship." 


Jennie  Nicol. 
Fannie  Thompson. 


h;a   Smith. 
Fannie  Whitenaek. 


CHAPTER    II 

RIVALRY 

"  THE  first  two  or  three  years  of  the  life  of  our  Fra- 
ternity at  Monmouth  were  very  quiet  and  peaceful." 
We  had  four  chapters  (Monmouth  College,  established 
in  1867,  Iowa  Wesleyan  University,  established  in  1868, 
Wesleyan  Female  Seminary,  at  Mount  Pleasant,  estab- 
lished in  1869,  and  Asbury  University,  at  Greencastle, 
Indiana,  established  in  September,  1870)  founded  and 
in  a  flourishing  condition  when  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma 
appeared  in  the  field,  in  October,  1870,  as  our  first  rival. 

One  of  our  Founders,  speaking  of  this  time,  tells  us 
that  "  Feeling  ran  very  high  between  the  two  fraterni- 
ties. I,  C.  Sorosis,  of  course,  had  the  advantage  of  age 
and  established  position,  but  the  Kappas  had  among 
their  first  members,  several  of  boundless  energy,  great 
zeal  and  indomitable  will,  so  that  much  care  and  skilful 
management  were  necessary  for  Pi  Beta  Phi  to  hold  her 
own  against  such  opposition.  But  she  did  so,  and  not 
only  held  her  first  standing,  but  steadily  advanced.  We 
all  know  that  the  younger  society  lived  and  flourished 
also.  The  strength  of  the  fraternity  testifies  to  this  fact, 
and  Monmouth  College  should  be  proud  to  have  been  the 
birthplace  of  two  of  the  strongest  women's  fraternities 
in  the  country." 

The  rivalry  between  Pi  Beta  Phi  and  Kappa  Kappa 

25 


26  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Gamma  continues  to  this  day  among  active  collegians, 
but  it  is  a  healthful,  stimulating  rivalry,  causing  each 
to  put  forth  her  best  efforts.  In  our  treasure  chest  may 
be  found  rare  and  delightful  mementoes  of  joint  meet- 
ings and  cordial  friendly  greetings.  The  following, 
written  in  1886,  is  so  typical  of  that  charming  style, 
common  among  our  college  women  thirty  years  ago,  that 
it  is  worthy  of  quotation  in  full :  —  "  To  the  I.  C.  Soro- 
sis,  assembled  in  Convention  at  Indianola,  Iowa:  Omi- 
cron  Chapter,  of  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  sends  greetings, 
with  best  wishes  for  the  prosperity  and  happiness  of  her 
members.  While  the  Key  does  not  unlock  the  door  into 
the  same  mystic  circle  into  which  the  Arrow  of  I.  C. 
pierces,  yet  each  opens  the  way  to  higher  walks  of  life, 
which  lead  into  gardens  scented  with  the  sweet  perfume 
of  sisterly  love,  where  happy  groups,  bound  by  the  silver 
cord  of  friendship,  hand  in  hand,  are  striving  to  attain 
a  height  upon  which  personal  independence  shall  build 
the  citadel  of  virtue;  and  womanly  character  shall  be 
the  key-note  of  the  citadel  arch.  May  the  Arrow  of  I.  C. 
pierce  every  difficulty,  and  the  Key  of  Kappa  Kappa 
Gamma  unlock  every  barrier  in  the  way,  until  our  lives 
may  be  spotless  in  the  golden  sunlight  of  the  coming 
morn." 

This  greeting  voices  the  sentiment  of  our  purpose  in 
life.  When  we  were  active  college  women  our  allegiance 
to  all  things  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  was  paramount,  and  always 
will  remain  first  and  foremost  in  our  affections,  but  the 
deeply  instilled  principles  of  devotion  to  the  highest 
ideals  of  perfect  womanhood  and  sisterly  love,  give  us, 
in  our  more  mature  years,  a  broader  vision  and  experi- 


IN    THE    BEGINNING  27 

ence,  and  we  honor  all  women  wearing  the  insignia  of 
any  Greek-lettered  fraternity,  as  being  of  a  common 
sisterhood,  aiming  at  the  highest  and  best  that  can  be 
made  of  the  lives  of  each  of  us.  The  thought  of  rivalry 
is  buried  in  the  recesses  of  the  forgotten  past,  and  lost, 
save  as  an  incident  of  our  youth,  and  our  hearts  grow 
tender  and  our  warmth  is  kindled  and  glows  toward  all 
Greeks. 

As  in  business  "  competition  is  the  life  of  trade, "  so 
in  our  active  college  life  rivalry  is  of  decided  benefit, 
for  it  spurs  us  on  to  putting  forth  our  greatest  efforts, 
and  serves  to  bring  out  the  best  in  us.  For  the  older 
fraternity  women,  whose  hearts  and  hands  are  full  of 
the  cares  of  this  busy  life  of  responsibilities,  the  past 
years  of  fraternity  life  are  filled  with  fond  and  happy 
memories,  and  the  magic  spell  of  a  renewed  "  frat  " 
meeting  or  a  "  cookie  shine  "  is  ever  an  alluring  dream 
dear  to  many. 

The  Founders  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  were  Western  women, 
infused  with  the  broad  and  constantly  expanding  spirit 
of  freedom,  independence  and  healthy  normal  growth. 
The  rolls  of  Pi  Phi  to-day,  with  its  seventy-nine  hundred 
loyal  and  enthusiastic  followers,  are  inspiring  witnesses 
to  the  sagacity,  intrepidity,  and  far-seeing  wisdom  of 
these  eleven  women.  The  children  and  grandchildren  of 
Monmouth  are  proud  of  the  legacy  of  their  honored 
Founders,  and  this  inheritance  will  be  one  of  the  most 
precious  gifts  we  may  pass  down  to  our  posterity,  with 
the  prayer  that 

"  Whatsoever  things  are  true, 
Lovely,  fair, 


28  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Beyond  compare, 
Pure  as  the  Arrow's  gold, 
Sweet  as  wine  carnations  hold, 

Honest,  just,  of  worth  untold  — 
These  hold  ye,  in  honor  due 
Best  to  serve  the  name  ye  bear. 

Wearers  of  the  wine  and  blue, 
Choose  these  in  your  hearts  to  wear." 


"  Convey  thy  love  to  thy  friend  as  an  arrow  to  the 
mark,  to  stick  there,  not  as  a  ball  to  bound  back  to  thee." 
—  FRANCIS  QUABLES. 


CHAPTER    III 

EXTENSION 

IN  the  summer  of  1868,  at  the  Oquawka  Convention, 
it  was  decided  that,  in  order  to  establish  a  national  fra- 
ternity, it  would  be  necessary  for  one  of  the  Founders 
to  leave  Monmouth  and  go  elsewhere  to  school.  Libbie 
Brook  volunteered,  and  we  follow  her  entrance  into 
IOWA  WESLEYAN  UNIVERSITY,  at  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa, 
in  the  Autumn,  purely  to  plant  the  seed  and  nourish 
the  bud  of  our  young  Fraternity,  and  to-day  we  point 
with  pride  to  IOWA  ALPHA,  our  oldest  living  chapter, 
and  to  the  long  list  of  earnest,  cultured  women  who 
have  gone  forth  to  all  parts  of  the  world,  carrying  with 
them  the  principles  and  teachings  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  The 
next  year  Nannie  Black  founded  the  chapter  at  the 
MT.  PLEASANT  FEMALE  SEMINARY,  in  October,  and  in 
1870  Kate  F.  Preston  left  Mt.  Pleasant,  and  founded 
the  chapter  in  ASBURY  UNIVERSITY,  Greencastle,  Indiana. 

Then  Mary  Brook,  Libbie 's  sister,  followed  on  the 
mission  of  expansion,  entering  LOMBARD  UNIVERSITY,  at 
Galesburg,  Illinois,  throwing  her  influence  and  energy 
into  establishing  the  chapter  known  to-day  as  ILLINOIS 
BETA.  The  following  year,  KANSAS  ALPHA  came  into 
existence  through  the  labors  of  Sara  Richardson,  an  en- 
thusiast from  Lombard,  and  so  down  to  the  present  time, 
the  line  of  inheritance  from  chapter  to  chapter  forms 

31 


32  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

an  important  and  eventful  chain  in  the  Fraternity's 
history. 

Active  chapters  from  1867  to  1882  were  named  in 
rotation,  according  to  the  date  of  their  charter,  or  estab- 
lishment, with  the  letters  of  the  Greek  alphabet.  In 
1882,  many  changes  in  the  chapter  rolls  having  been 
made,  the  Convention  at  Burlington  voted  for  a  revision, 
which  was  made.  This  held  good  until  the  Indianola 
Convention  in  1886,  when,  owing  to  the  rapid  growth 
of  the  Fraternity  and  withdrawal  of  all  alumnae  and 
associate  chapters,  it  became  necessary  to  adopt  a  more 
comprehensive  method  for  designating  chapters.  The 
present  system,  which  was  adopted  on  October  19,  1886, 
was  the  result.  By  this  method,  the  first  chapter  estab- 
lished in  a  state  becomes  Alpha,  with  the  state  name 
prefixed,  the  second  becomes  Beta,  and  so  down  the 
Greek  alphabet.  ILLINOIS  ALPHA  is  the  only  exception, 
and  it  was  voted  that  for  all  time  the  first  chapter  at 
Monmouth  should  bear  the  name  of  ILLINOIS  ALPHA, 
and  always  be  honored  as  the  Mother  of  all  chapters. 

On  Founders'  Day,  April  28,  1915,  the  rolls  of  Pi 
Beta  Phi  Fraternity  showed  the  following  forty-eight 
active  chapters :  — 

(1)  IOWA  ALPHA,  IOWA  WESLEY  AN  COLLEGE,  Mt. 
Pleasant,  Iowa,  established  December  21,  1868,  as 
GAMMA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  by  Libbie  Brook  (Mrs. 
Gaddis),  is  the  oldest  active  chapter  in  existence.  When 
the  chapters  were  renamed  in  1886  by  the  vote  of  the 
Convention  at  Indianola,  she  became  IOWA  ALPHA  of 
I.  C.  Sorosis.  Her  charter  members  were  Libbie  Brook 
(Gaddis),  Jessie  Donnell  (Thomas),  Lavinia  Spry 


Michigan  Beta. 


Kansas  Alpha. 


EXTENSION  33 

(Lisle),  Sarah  A.  Taylor,  Prude  Kibben  (Murphy),  and 
Sadie  Harrison  (Knight).  Iowa  Alpha's  roll  shows 
four  hundred  and  twenty-four  living  members  and  fifty- 
two  deceased  members. 

(2)  ILLINOIS  BETA,  LOMBARD  UNIVERSITY,  Galesburg, 
Illinois,  was  established  June  22,  1872,  by  Mary  Brook, 
as  IOTA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  with  the  following 
charter  members :  —  Sara  A.  Richardson,  Carrie  Brain- 
ard,    Ellen    McKay     (Greenwood),    Charlotte    Fuller 
(Kisley),  Eugenie  Fuller,  Emily  Fuller,  Emma  Batchel- 
der    (Cox),    Lucretia    Hansen    (Wertman),    Genevieve 
Dart  (Crossette),  Elsie  Warren  and  Clara  Richardson 
(Putnam).     At  the  Indianola  Convention  in  1886,  the 
chapter    became    ILLINOIS    BETA.      Two    hundred    and 
seventy-one  members  have  been  initiated  into  this  chap- 
ter, of  whom  twenty-one  are  deceased. 

(3)  KANSAS    ALPHA,    KANSAS     STATE    UNIVERSITY, 
Lawrence,  Kansas,  was  established  on  April  1,   1873, 
through  the  influence  of  Sara  Richardson,  of  Illinois 
Beta,  as  KAPPA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Sorosis.    Her  charter 
members    were:  —  Mary    Richardson,    Hannah    Oliver, 
Clara  Morris  (Perkins),  Lizzie  Yeagley  (Shaub),  Vina 
Lambert  (Selkirk),  Gertrude  Bough  ton  (Blackwelder), 
Flora    Richardson     (Colman)     and    Alma    Richardson 
(Wallace).    Her  name  was  changed  to  KANSAS  ALPHA 
in  1886,  by  the  vote  of  the  Indianola  Convention.     She 
has  initiated  three  hundred  and  sixty-seven  members, 
three  hundred  and  forty-seven  of  whom  are  living. 

(4)  IOWA  BETA,  SIMPSON  COLLEGE,  Indianola,  Iowa, 
was  established  October  13,  1874,  as  LAMBDA  CHAPTER 
of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  through  the  efforts  of  Estella  E.  Walter 


34:  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

(Ball),  of  Iowa  Alpha.  In  1886,  her  name  was  changed 
to  IOWA  BETA,  by  the  vote  of  the  Ninth  Convention, 
held  at  Indianola,  Iowa.  Her  charter  members  were :  — 
Fannie  Andrew  (Noble),  Kate  Barker  (McCune),  Ella 
Todhunter  (Rickey),  Estella  Walter  (Ball),  Ida  Che- 
shire (Barker),  Marie  Morrison  (Samson),  Louise  Noble 
(Curtis),  Emma  Patton  (Noble),  Elizabeth  Cook  (Mar- 
tin) and  Elizabeth  Guyer  (Linn).  Her  rolls  show  two 
hundred  and  fifty  living  members  and  twenty-one  de- 
ceased members. 

(5)  IOWA    GAMMA,    IOWA    STATE    COLLEGE,    Ames, 
Iowa,  was  first  chartered  May  11,  1877,  as  Mu  CHAPTER 
of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  through  the  influence  of  Elizabeth  Cook 
(Martin),  of  Iowa  Beta.    Her  charter  members  were :  — 
Alice  Neal  (Gregg),  Cora  Patty  (Payne),  Cora  Keith 
(Pierce),    May    Farwell     (Carpenter),    Angie    Baird 
(Wilson),  Florence  Brown  (Martin),  Mary  Carpenter 
(Hardin),  Emma  G.  Trummel,  Ellen  Rice   (Robbins), 
Alice  Whited    (Burling),  Jennie  Leet    (Wattles)    and 
Alfa  Campbell   (Fassett).     By  a  ruling  of  the  Ninth 
Convention,    at    Indianola,    in    1886,    her    name    was 
changed  to  IOWA  GAMMA.     In  1891  her  charter  was 
withdrawn  because  of  anti-fraternity  laws  in  the  insti- 
tution, but  when  these  laws  were  repealed,  in  1903,  the 
chapter  was  again  established  on  February  24,  1906, 
and  was  composed  of  members  of  the  local  society  Iota 
Theta.    Her  rolls  show  that  she  has  initiated  two  hun- 
dred and  one  members,  eleven  of  whom  are  deceased. 

(6)  IOWA  ZETA,  IOWA  STATE  UNIVERSITY,  Iowa  City, 
Iowa,  was  chartered  February  12,  1882,  as  Cm  CHAPTER 
of  I.  C.  Sorosis.    The  organization  was  effected  through 


Colorado  Alpha. 


EXTENSION  35 

the  influence  of  Rena  Reynolds  (Howard),  of  Iowa 
Alpha,  and  Estella  Walter  (Ball),  of  Iowa  Beta,  with 
the  following  charter  members:  —  Estella  Walter 
(Ball),  Emma  Humphrey  (Haddock),  Laura  Shipman 
(Donnell)  and  Lucy  M.  Ham  (Robinson).  Its  name  was 
changed  from  Chi  Chapter  to  Sigma  Chapter  in  1882, 
and  in  1886,  by  the  Convention  held  at  Indianola  it  was 
changed  to  its  present  name  of  IOWA  ZETA.  She  has  a 
roll  of  two  hundred  and  twenty-one  living  members  and 
fourteen  deceased. 

(7)  ILLINOIS  DELTA,  KNOX  COLLEGE,  Galesburg,  Illi- 
nois, was  established  March  7,  1884,  through  the  good 
will  of  Illinois  Beta,  as  UPSILON  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Soro- 
sis,  though  an  attempt  had  been  made  two  years  pre- 
vious, under  the  name  of  Tau  Chapter,  which  failed. 
The  charter  members  were :  —  Bessie  M.  Johnson,  Geor- 
gia Smith  (Gale),  M.  Emma  Stickney,  Carrie  McMurtie 
(Conyers)   and  Gertrude  Chapin   (Thomson).     Illinois 
Delta  has  initiated  two  hundred  and  fifty-nine  members, 
eight  of  whom  are  deceased. 

(8)  COLORADO    ALPHA,    UNIVERSITY    OF    COLORADO, 
Boulder,  Colorado,  was  established  through  the  influence 
of  Helena  Dorr  (Stidger)  and  Dessie  Widner  (Rodgers), 
of  the  Iowa  Alpha  Chapter.     The  charter  was  dated 
October  15,  1884,  as  OMEGA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Sorosis, 
and  for  a  short  time  in  1886  it  was  named  Nu  CHAPTER, 
when    the    Indianola    Convention    in    October,    1886, 
changed  its  name  to  the  one  she  bears  to-day  —  Colorado 
Alpha.     Her  charter  members  were:  —  Mary  L.  Pea- 
body   (Dickinson),  Leila  Peabody,  Elizabeth  Heywood 
Everts  (Green),  Carrie  Dorr  (Elliott),  Minnie  Earhart 


36  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

(Wells),  Esther  L.  Scudder,  Sarah  Holzman  (Neu- 
stadt),  Georgiana  Rowland  and  Kate  Wise.  Her  roll 
shows  one  hundred  and  twenty  living  members  and  ten 
deceased. 

(9)  COLORADO  BETA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  DENVER,  Denver, 
Colorado,  was  established  February  12,  1885,  under  the 
personal  leadership  of  Helen  and  Addie  Sutliff,  of  Kan- 
sas Alpha,  as  BETA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Sorosis.    The  fol- 
lowing year  the  name  was  changed  to  Colorado  Beta. 
The   charter   members   were :  —  Belle   Anderson,    Ruth 
Hattie  Ritz,  Elizabeth  Tuttle  (Kingman),  Mary  Wolcott 
(Smith),   Frances   Carpenter    (Curtis)    and   Mary   A. 
Carpenter  (Sadtler).     The  total  initiated  numbers  two 
hundred  and  ten,  of  whom  ten  are  deceased. 

(10)  MICHIGAN   ALPHA,   HILLSDALE   COLLEGE,   Hills- 
dale,  Michigan,  was  chartered  May  21,  1887.    Her  char- 
ter  members    were:  —  May    Copeland    (Reynolds-Dry- 
bread),  Josephine  Graham   (Hollinger),  Myra  Brown, 
Belle  Armstrong  (Douglass),  Carrie  Charles   (Barker) 
and  Anna  Burgoyne  (Stebbins).     Michigan  Alpha  has 
added  one  hundred  and  ninety-three  members  to  the 
rolls  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  fourteen  of  whom  are  deceased. 

(11)  INDIANA  ALPHA,  FRANKLIN  COLLEGE,  Franklin, 
Indiana,  was  established  through  the  efforts  of  Rainie 
Adamson-Small,  of  Illinois  Beta,  Grand  President,  at 
Indianola,  from  the  local  society  Alpha  Xi  Theta,  and 
was  chartered  January  16,   1888,   with  the   following 
fourteen   charter   members :  —  Emma   Harper   Turner, 
Martha  Noble  (Carter),  Inez  Ulery  McGuire,  Jeannette 
Zeppenfeld,    Elizabeth    Middleton,    Harriott    Palmer, 
Maud  E.  Metsker,  Emma  McCoy  (Hillis),  Ona  H.  Payne 


Illinois  Beta. 


Iowa  Zeta. 


Colorado  Beta. 


Michigan  Alpha. 


Illinois  Delta. 


Columbia  Alpha. 


EXTENSION  37 

(Newsom),  Pearl  Wood  (Sanford),  Florence  Shuh 
(Clark),  Anna  McMahon,  Nelle  B.  Turner  and  Mary 
Emma  Ellis  (Monroe).  Her  roll  shows  that  two  hun- 
dred and  thirty  members  have  been  initiated,  seven  of 
whom  are  deceased. 

(12)  MICHIGAN  BETA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  MICHIGAN,  Ann 
Arbor,  Michigan,  was  chartered  April  7,  1888,  through 
the  influence  of  Minnie  H.  Newby  (Ricketts),  of  Iowa 
Alpha,  and  Statia  Pritchard  (Oursler),  of  Iowa  Gamma. 
The  charter  members  were  Minnie  H.  Newby  (Ricketts), 
Statia    Pritchard    (Oursler),    Lucy    Parker    (Iluber), 
Fannie  K.  Read   (Cook)   and  Frances  Arnold   (Chad- 
dock).    May  Copeland  (Drybread)  and  Jessie  Sheldon, 
of  Michigan  Alpha,  conducted  the  installation.     Mich- 
igan Beta  has  upon  her  rolls  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
nine  members,  nine  of  whom  are  deceased. 

(13)  COLUMBIA  ALPHA,   GEORGE  WASHINGTON   UNI- 
VERSITY, Washington,  D.   C.,  was  chartered  April  27, 
1889,  through  the  influence  of  Emma  Harper  Turner,  of 
Indiana  Alpha,  with  the  following  charter  members :  — 
Phoebe  Russell  Norris,  Sallie  F.  Sparks,  Anna  S.  Hazel- 
ton,  Lillian  S.  Hazelton,  Augusta  M.  Pettigrew  (Shute) 
and  Emma  Harper  Turner.     She  carries  the  names  of 
one  hundred  and  thirty-seven  living  initiates  on  her 
rolls,  and  two  deceased  members. 

(14)  OHIO  ALPHA,  OHIO  UNIVERSITY,  Athens,  Ohio, 
was  founded  December  16,  1889,  through  the  labors  of 
May  Copeland  (Drybread),  of  Michigan  Alpha,  with  the 
following  charter  members:  —  Bertha  McVey,  Frances 
Norton   (Price),  Corinne  Super   (Stine),  Grace  Gros- 
venor  (Shepard)  and  Fannie  Brown.    Elizabeth  Foster 


38  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

and  Bertha  Brown  were  the  first  initiates,  and  since  her 
founding  she  has  added  one  hundred  and  seventy-seven 
to  the  wearers  of  the  Arrow,  seven  of  whom  have  died. 

(15)  MINNESOTA  ALPHA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  MINNESOTA, 
Minneapolis,   Minnesota,   was   founded   May   30,   1890, 
through  the  efforts  of  Minnie  H.  Newby  (Ricketts),  of 
Michigan  Beta,  Grand  Vice-President,  with  the  follow- 
ing six  charter  members:  —  Ava   Sumbardo    (Perry), 
Antoinette  Palmer   (Bond),  Sarah  Bird  Lucy,  Esther 
Fiedlander,  Clara  Edith  Bailey  and  Fanny  Rutherford 
(Stanton).     This  charter  was  withdrawn  in  November, 
1896,  but  on  September  8,  1906,  Minnesota  Alpha  was 
reestablished,  with  the  following  members  of  the  local 
society  Beta  Iota  Gamma:  —  Constance  Day  (Tawney), 
Juanita   Day,    Irma    Smith,    Carrie    Smith    (Rucker), 
Maud  V.   Johnson,   Josephine   Schain,   Jessie   Matson, 
Florence  Amble  (Reed),  Nellie  Heyd,  Alice  Thompson 
(Ladd),   Monica   Keating,   Hortense  Laybourn,   Helen 
Dickerson     (Cobb),    Florence    Burgess     (Blackburn), 
Genevieve    Watson,    Louise    Leavenworth     (Newkirk), 
Edith  Garbett  (Pickett),  Ethelyn  Conway  (Harrison), 
Luella  Woodke  (Humphrey),  Bessie  Tucker  (Gislason), 
Minnie  Trimble  and  Esther  Jean  Chapman.     She  has 
initiated  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  into  Pi  Beta  Phi, 
four  of  whom  are  deceased. 

(16)  LOUISIANA     ALPHA,     H.     SOPHIE     NEWCOMB 
MEMORIAL  COLLEGE,  TULANE  UNIVERSITY,  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  was  organized  through  the  efforts  of  Mary  L. 
Burton  (Wright),  of  Indiana  Alpha,  with  the  following 
charter  members :  —  Josephine  Craig  (Wickes),  Anna  P. 
Coyle,  Isabella  B.  Coleman   (Weise),  Alice  Boardman 


EXTENSION  39 

(Baldridge),  Lottie  Fairfax  Galleher  (Blacklock),  Eliz- 
abeth Henderson  (Labrot)  and  Mary  Given  Matthews 
(Mcllhenny),  on  October  29,  1891.  Her  chapter  roll 
shows  one  hundred  and  fifty  initiated,  six  of  whom  are 
deceased. 

(17)  PENNSYLVANIA  ALPHA,  SWARTHMORE  COLLEGE, 
Swarthmore,  Pennsylvania,  was  chartered  October  12, 
1892,  and  installed  by  Lucy  Maris  and  Zuell  Preston 
(Tyler),  of  Michigan  Beta,  with  the  following  charter 
members:  —  Dora  A.  Gilbert,  Marion  D.  Perkins  (Jes- 
sup),   Harriet   Kent    (Hilton),   M.   Elizabeth   Pownell 
(Walton),  Elizabeth  M.  Bailey   (Powell),  Lauretta  T. 
Smedley  (Button)  and  Frances  Darlington.    She  carries 
one  hundred  and  thirty-one  living  members  on  her  roll, 
and  one  deceased. 

(18)  INDIANA  BETA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  INDIANA,  Bloom- 
ington,  Indiana,  was  organized  by  Elizabeth  Middleton, 
of  Indiana  Alpha,  and  chartered  on  April  13,  1893,  by 
the  following  members :  —  Elizabeth  Middleton,  Jessie 
Traylor    (Grimes),    Delia    Evelyn    Mount    (Wooden), 
Laura    Rogers     Grimes     (Anderson),     Eleanor    Pearl 
Grimes    (Wright),    Blanche    McLaughlin,    Edna    Earl 
Stewart  and  Carrie  Bell  Burner.     She  has  added  two 
hundred  and  seventy-five  to  the  rolls  of  Pi  Beta  Phi, 
four  of  whom  have  died. 

(19)  CALIFORNIA  ALPHA,  LELAND  STANFORD  UNIVER- 
SITY, Palo  Alto,  California,  was  organized  by  Anna  Lena 
Lewis,  of  Kansas  Alpha,  and  first  chartered  September 
13,  1893,  with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Mary 
Myrtle  Osborne  (Lowe),  Nellie  Dora  Woodburn,  Stella 
Mary  Mayhugh,  Ruby  Adeline  Ordway,  Anna  Mabel 


40  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Lowe,  Harriet  Augusta  Nichols  (Taylor),  Mary  Alice 
Mathews  and  Anne  Lena  Lewis.  This  charter  was  with- 
drawn in  the  Autumn  of  1897,  and  the  chapter  remained 
inactive  until  February  11,  1905,  when  the  charter  was 
reissued.  She  carries  one  hundred  and  nine  living 
members  on  her  rolls,  and  two  are  recorded  deceased. 

(20)  VERMONT   ALPHA,   MIDDLEBURY   COLLEGE,   Mid- 
dlebury,  Vermont,  was  organized  by  Jennie  Sutliff,  of 
Kansas  Alpha,  and  chartered  on  December  1,  1893,  with 
the  following  charter  members :  —  Laura  S.  Clark,  Ber- 
tha E.  Ranslow  (Joscelyn),  Cora  A.  Brock  (Daniels), 
Mary  0.  Pollard,  Lena  M.  Roseman  (Denio),  Mabel  H. 
Ware  (Bailey),  Ada  A.  Hurlburt,  Mary  A.  Towle  and 
Harriet  D.  Gerould.    Vermont  Alpha  has  initiated  one 
hundred  and  forty-eight  members,  having  lost  four  by 
death. 

(21)  OHIO  BETA,  OHIO  STATE  UNIVERSITY,  Columbus, 
Ohio,  was  organized  by  May  Copeland  (Drybread),  of 
Michigan  Alpha,  with  assistance  from  Ohio  Alpha,  and 
chartered  on  the  5th  of  April,  1894,  with  the  following 
charter  members :  —  Anna   Houston   Blackiston    (Pow- 
ell), Mona  Liggett  Fay  (Gee),  Agnes  Florida  Chalmers, 
May  Baxter  Porter  (Miseldine),  Gertrude  Alice  Plim- 
mer  (Sargent)   and  Ruth  Houseman   (Belknap).     She 
has  initiated  one  hundred  and  ten  members  and  lost  four 
by  death. 

(22)  ILLINOIS  EPSILON,  NORTHWESTERN  UNIVERSITY, 
Evanston,  Illinois,  was  organized  by  Grace  Lass   (Sis- 
son)  and  Loretta  Hood,  of  Illinois  Delta,  and  was  char- 
tered May  26,  1894,  with  the  following  charter  mem- 
bers:—  Maude  Ethelyn  Van  Sickle  (Schiver),  Miriam 


California  Alpha. 


Minnesota  Alpha. 


Illinois  Zeta. 


Vermont  Alpha. 


Ohio  Alpha. 


EXTENSION  41 

Elizabeth  Prindle  (Waller),  Grace  Irmagarde  Van 
Sickle  (Melone),  Hila  May  Verbeck  (Knapp)  and  Addie 
May  Griggs.  She  has  initiated  one  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-five, one  of  whom  has  died. 

(23)  WISCONSIN  ALPHA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  WISCONSIN, 
Madison,  Wisconsin,  was  organized  by  Mrs.  Gertrude 
Clark-Sober,  of  Michigan  Beta,  and  Elizabeth  Church 
Smith,  of  Colorado  Alpha,  and  installed  on  November  1, 

1894,  with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Elizabeth 
Church  Smith,   Elizabeth  B.   McGregor,  Bessie   Steen- 
berg   (Webster),  Anna  Pauline  Houghton   (Williams), 
Anna  L.  Meshek  (Tillotson),  Amelia  Ecklor  Hunting- 
ton  (Gilmore),  Agnes  Arlette  Perry,  Genevieve  Church 
Smith  and  Nellie  B.  MacGregor  (Ellis).    Two  hundred 
and  thirty-six  members  are  upon  her  roll,  five  of  whom 
are  deceased. 

(24)  PENNSYLVANIA    BETA,    BUCKNELL    UNIVERSITY, 
Lewisburg,  Pennsylvania,  was  organized  by  Elizabeth 
Culver,  of  Colorado  Alpha,  and  chartered  January  4, 

1895,  with    the    following    members :  —  Mary    Bartol 
(Theiss),    Mary   Moore    Wolfe,    Anna    Kate    Goddard 
(Jones),  Ruth  Horsfield  Sprague   (Downs),  Mary  Re- 
becca Eddelman   (Saunders),  Kate  Irene  McLaughlan 
(Bourne)    and  Cora  R.   Perry   (Finn).     She  has  one 
hundred  and  fifty-one  living  members  and  she  has  lost 
four  by  death. 

(25)  NEBRASKA  BETA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  NEBRASKA,  Lin- 
coln, Nebraska,  was  established  through  the  efforts  of 
Belle  T.  Reynolds,  of  Nebraska  Alpha,  Mae  Miller  Lan- 
sing, of  Michigan  Alpha,  Adaline  M.   Quaintance,  of 
Illinois  Beta,  and  Helen  B.  Sutliff,  Grand  President, 


42  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

and  chartered  January  21,  1895,  with  the  following 
charter  members:  —  Lulu  Eva  Wirt,  Jennie  Barber 
(Plym),  Kate  Snow  Walker  (Johnson),  Bessie  Turner 
(Pearsall),  Edna  Blanche  Carscadden  (Wilson),  Ger- 
trude Wright  (Barber),  Belle  T.  Reynolds,  Mae  Miller 
Lansing  and  Adaline  M.  Quaintance.  She  has  added  one 
hundred  and  ninety-eight  members  to  the  rolls  of  Pi 
Beta  Phi,  four  of  whom  are  deceased. 

(26)  ILLINOIS  ZETA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS,  Cham- 
paign, Illinois,  was  organized  by  Grace  Lass  (Sisson), 
Grand  President,  assisted  by  Jessie  Davidson,  of  Illinois 
Delta,  and  chartered  October  26,  1895,  with  the  follow- 
ing    charter     members :  —  Amelia     Darling     Alpiner 
(Stern),  Edith  Marie  Weaver  (Gilhulely),  Blanche  C. 
Lindsay    (Wood),   Martha   Vivian   Monier    (Morissy), 
Laura  E.  Busey  (Fulton),  Nellie  Besore  (Sears),  Edith 
M.  Yoemans,  Anne  B.  Montgomery  (Bahnsen)  and  Lelia 
White.     She  carries  one  hundred  and  eighty-five  living 
members  on  her  rolls,  and  three  are  recorded  as  de- 
ceased. 

(27)  NEW  YORK  ALPHA,  SYRACUSE  UNIVERSITY,  Syra- 
cuse, New  York,  was  organized  through  the  efforts  of 
Grace  Grosvenor,  of  Ohio  Alpha,  and  Florence  Sher- 
wood, of  Kansas  Alpha,  and  chartered  February  11, 
1896,  with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Julia  A. 
Talbott,  Louise  V.  Winfield,  Clara  G.  Hookway  (Dun- 
ham),  Frances   Beattie    (Terry),   Mary   E.    Mumford 
(Latham),    Lida    May    0 'Byron,    Blanche    E.    Harter 
(Ivory),  Frances  May  Bliss  and  Leora  Sherwood  (Gray). 
Her  rolls  show  that  she  has  added  two  hundred  and 
twenty-three  members  to  Pi  Beta  Phi,  three  of  whom 
are  deceased. 


Massachusetts  Alpha. 


Pennsylvania  Gamma. 


New  York  Beta. 


California  Beta. 


EXTENSION  43 

(28)  MASSACHUSETTS    ALPHA,    BOSTON    UNIVERSITY, 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  was  installed  by  Grace  Grosve- 
nor,  of  Ohio  Alpha,  and  Mrs.  Susanne  Smith-Tyndale, 
of  Iowa  Zeta,   on  March  7,  1896,   with   the   following 
charter  members:  —  Ethel  Pearl  Bancroft    (Bicknell), 
Clara   B.    Cooke,   Evelyn   A.   Howe,   Edith   L.   Floyd 
(Swan),   Winifred   G.   Hill    (Maxfield),   Mercy  Mont- 
gomery Hood,  Adeline  Mae  Lawrence,  Lucy  Allen  Gardi- 
ner, Florence  N.  Flagg  and  Olive  Bacon  Gilchrist.    She 
lias  one  hundred  and  fifty-eight  living  members  and  she 
has   lost   two   by   death.      (See   Arrow,   Volume   XII, 
page  139.) 

(29)  MARYLAND   ALPHA,   GOUCHER   COLLEGE,   Balti- 
more, Maryland,  was  chartered  January  9,  1897.    Eliza- 
beth K.  Culver,  of  Colorado  Alpha,  Helen  and  Elizabeth 
Lamb,  of  Pennsylvania  Alpha,  and  Loe  Mary  Ware,  of 
Nebraska  Alpha,  organized  the  chapter,  and  it  was  in- 
stalled by  Florence  P.  Chase  (Cass),  of  Michigan  Alpha, 
with  the  following  charter  members :  —  May  Lansfield 
Keller,  Waunda  Hartshorn  (Petrunkevitch),  Helen  Ben- 
son  Doll    (Tottle),    Jennie   Beck    Smith,    Elsie    Price 
Ganoe,  Sylvia  Evelina  Ware  (Ireland)  and  Edna  Liv- 
ingston Stone.    She  has  added  one  hundred  and  forty- 
six  members  to  the  rolls  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity. 
(See  Arrow,  Volume  XIII,  page  97.) 

(30)  INDIANA  GAMMA,  BUTLER  COLLEGE,  Indianapolis, 
Indiana,  was  chartered  August  27,  1897.     She  was  or- 
ganized   through    the    efforts    of    Bertha    Hollard,    of 
Indiana  Beta,  from  the  local  society  Alpha  Phi  Psi, 
and  was  installed  by  Mrs.   Grace  Lass-Sisson,   Grand 
President,  with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Mabel 


44  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Gertrude  Hank,  Edith  Boor  Roberts  (Loop),  Ethel  R. 
Curryer,  Annie  Mercer  McCollum,  Olive  Inez  Phares 
(Tittsworth),  Jessie  Larder  Christian  (Brown),  Emily 
Matilda  Helming,  Elizabeth  Moxon  Banning,  Annette 
Maybelle  Seeley,  Mary  Gertrude  McCollum  (Moorhead) 
and  Marietta  Lamb  Thompson  (Sprague).  Her  rolls 
show  one  hundred  and  forty-two  have  been  initiated,  of 
whom  five  are  deceased.  (See  Arrow,  Volume  XIV, 
page  13.) 

(31)  VERMONT  BETA,  UNIVERSITY  OP  VERMONT,  Bur- 
lington, Vermont,  was  chartered  November  24,   1898, 
through  the  efforts  of  Ada  Hurlburt,  of  Vermont  Alpha. 
The  installation  was  conducted  by  Ada  Hurlburt  and 
Annis    Sturges,    of   Vermont   Alpha,    and   Martha    P. 
Luther,   of   Massachusetts   Alpha,   with   the   following 
charter  members :  —  Ada  Almina  Hurlburt,  Eliza  May- 
belle  Farman,  Mary  Isabelle  Gregory  (Waddell),  Kate 
Russell  (White),  Edith  Louise  Carpenter,  Mary  Conro, 
Ivah     Winnifred     Gale,     Katheryne     Knee     Gebhardt 
(Welch),  Inez  Adelaide  Grout,  Charlotte  Frances  Hale, 
Susanne  Pearl  Whiteman  (Smith),  Grace  Anna  Good- 
hue    (Coolidge),  Ethel  Marilla  Stevens    (Guptel)    and 
Mary  Adelle  Grout  (McKibbon).    She  shows  an  enroll- 
ment of  ninety-two  members,  four  of  whom  are  deceased. 
(See  Arrow,  Volume  XV,  page  69.) 

(32)  MISSOURI    ALPHA,    UNIVERSITY    OF    MISSOURI, 
Columbia,  Missouri,  was  chartered  May  27,  1899,  and 
installed  by  Mrs.  Grace  Lass-Sisson,  Grand  President, 
with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Mary  Iglehart 
(Wear),    Sue   Stone    (Smith),   Maud   Miller    (Jones), 
Maud  Rippey   (Minear),  Lillian  Lohr,  Gertrude  Bay- 


EXTENSION  45 

less  (Mills),  and  Hettie  Anthony.  One  hundred  and 
sixty  members  have  been  initiated  since  her  installation, 
three  of  whom  she  has  lost  by  death.  (See  Arrow, 
Volume  XV,  page  168.) 

(33)  CALIFORNIA  BETA,  UNIVERSITY  OP  CALIFORNIA, 
Berkeley,  California,  was  chartered  August  27,  1900, 
through  the  influence  of  Anna  L.  Mashek,  of  Wisconsin 
Alpha,  and  she  was  installed  by  Ida  Smith,  of  Kansas 
Alpha,  with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Elizabeth 
Jane  Adams  (Brown),  Dora  Bramlet  (Ross),  Eva  Laura 
Bramlet  (Mannon),  Sarah  Theresa  Huber  (Manning), 
Claire  Madelaine  Haas  (Maples),  Elma  Anton  Korbel, 
Camilla  Virginia  Meyer   (Herman)   and  Maud  Estelle 
Schaeffer.     Her  rolls  show  one  hundred  and  fifty-one 
initiated,   two   of   whom   are   deceased.      (See   Arrow, 
Volume  XVII,  page  15.) 

(34)  TEXAS  ALPHA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  TEXAS,  Austin, 
Texas,   was   installed   by   Mrs.    Ida    Smith-Griffith,   of 
Kansas  Alpha,  on  February  19,  1902,  with  the  following 
charter  members:  —  Jennie  Armstrong  Bennett    (Ben- 
nett),   Loula    Rose    (Kibbe),    Minnie    Rose    (Rector), 
Vivian  Brenizer    (Caswell),  Flora  Bartholomew    (Mc- 
Leod),  Attie  McClendon  (Marshall),  Aline  Harris  (Mc- 
Ashan),  Ada  Garrison,  Anna  Townes  and  Elsie  Garrett 
(Townes).    She  has  initiated  one  hundred  and  fifty-one 
members  into  Pi  Beta  Phi  and  lost  three  by  death.    (See 
Arrow,  Volume  XVIII,  page  141.) 

(35)  PENNSYLVANIA    GAMMA,    DICKINSON    COLLEGE, 
Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  was  installed  December  21,  1903, 
by    Grand    President    Elizabeth    Gamble,    assisted    by 
Mary  Bartol-Theiss,  with  the  following  charter  mem- 


46  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

bers,  all  of  the  local  society  Alpha  Phi  Eta:  —  Ruth 
Barrett  (Terrel),  Anna  May  Hull  (Crostusite),  Kath- 
erine  Keefer,  Gertrude  Heller  (Barnhart),  Anna  J. 
Spears,  Mabel  B.  Kirk,  Kathleen  M.  Gooding  (Ricken- 
baugh),  Delora  E.  Armstrong,  Corinne  Gaul,  Mary  C. 
Stahr,  Mary  E.  Hoover,  Eva  E.  Cass,  Ada  Filler  (Ken- 
nedy), Elsie  Hoffer,  Dorothy  G.  Hoover,  Marguerite 
Barrett  and  Ideala  Shimmel  (Watson).  This  chapter 
shows  eighty-seven  members  initiated,  one  of  whom  has 
died.  (See  Arrow,  Volume  XX,  page  76.) 

(36)  NEW  YORK  BETA,  BARNARD  COLLEGE,  New  York, 
New  York,  was  organized  from  the  local  society  Tau 
Beta  and  chartered  May  28,  1904.    The  installation  was 
conducted  by  the  Grand  President,  Elizabeth  Gamble, 
assisted  by  Mary  Bartol-Theiss,  Grace  Lass-Sisson,  ex- 
Grand    President,    and    Charlotte    Allen-Farnsworth, 
ex-Grand     Guide.       The     charter    members     were :  — 
Minnie  Randolph  Boulger,   Margaret  Loretta   Charles 
Claffy,   Julia  Hulet  Freed,   Florence   Eddy  Hubbard, 
Bessie  Louise  Lewis,  Lisette  Metcalf  (Meikeljohn),  Mary 
Washburn  Murtha   (Webb),  Dora  Russell  Nevins,  E. 
Millicent  Perkins  (Lawrence),  Virginia  Ralph  (Davis), 
Ella  Jane  Reaney,  Mary  Catherine  Ruth  Reardon  and 
Martha   Ellen   Thomas.     She   has   seventy-four   living 
members  upon  her  rolls.    (See  Arrow,  Volume  XX,  page 
235,  also  Volume  XXIX,  page  601,  and  Volume  XXX, 
page  351.) 

(37)  WASHINGTON  ALPHA,  UNIVERSITY  OP  WASHING- 
TON, Seattle,  Washington,  was  formed  from  the  local 
society  Kappa  Tau  Tau,  and  was  chartered  January  5, 
1907,  and  installed  "by  Roberta  Frye,  of  Maryland  Alpha, 


EXTENSION  47 

president  of  Delta  Province,  with  the  following  charter 
members:  —  Mildred  M.  Boyd  (Ryan),  Imogen  Cun- 
ningham, Grace  Silver  Egbert,  Harriet  Rutherford 
Johnstone,  Dorothy  Ray,  Bess  R.  Wilbur,  Genevieve 
Bernice  Clark  (Mulvehill),  Elizabeth  Dearborn,  Lela 
Hawkins  (Whitfield),  Anne  Krumdick  (Walker),  Ruth 
Emeline  Sturley  and  Agnes  Logan  Willis  (Floyd).  She 
has  initiated  one  hundred  and  twenty  members  into 
Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity.  (See  Arrow,  Volume  XXIII, 
page  175.) 

(38)  MISSOURI  BETA,  WASHINGTON  UNIVERSITY,   St. 
Louis,  Missouri,  was  chartered  on  March  22,  1907,  and 
installed  by   Elda  L.   Smith,   Grand   Secretary.     The 
charter    members     were:  —  Ruth    Bayley     (Sargent), 
Louise   Buckingham   Birch    (Weidner),   Helen   Calista 
Gorse,  Julia  Bell  Griswold,  Helen  Maude  Johnson,  Hope 
Mersereau    (Bryson),   Frances   Rossbrough    (Hudson), 
Shirley  Louise   Seifert,   Amy   Starbuck,   Hazel  Louise 
Tompkins,   Elise  Biddle  Ver  Steeg  and  Alice  Louise 
Woodward  (Koken).    She  has  initiated  eighty-nine  mem- 
bers and  lost  one  by  death.    (See  Arrow,  Volume  XXIII, 
page  267.) 

(39)  ONTARIO  ALPHA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO,  To- 
ronto, Canada,  was  organized  from  members  of  the  local 
society  Xi  Tau,  and  installed  by  Grand  President  May 
Lansfield  Keller  on  December  11,  1908,  with  the  follow- 
ing charter  members :  —  Ethelwyn  Bradshaw,  Geraldine 
Oakley,  Muriel  Oakley,  Beatrice  Bowbeer,  Jean  Fechnay, 
Bessie  Cruickshank,  Kathleen  Ireland,  Alma  Anderson, 
Edith  Gordon,  Maude  Zuern,  Minnie  Barry,  Marguereta 
Chapman,    Gladness    Chapman,    Jean    McConnell    and 


48  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Jessie  Starr.  She  has  initiated  forty-nine  members 
into  Pi  Beta  Phi.  (See  Arrow,  Volume  XXV,  pages 
99-103.) 

(40)  ARKANSAS   ALPHA,   UNIVERSITY   OF   ARKANSAS, 
Fayetteville,  Arkansas,  was  formed  from  the  local  society 
Gamma  Epsilon  Delta  and  was  organized  through  the 
efforts  of  Mrs.  W.  N.  Gladson,  of  Iowa  Gamma,  and  Mrs. 
E.  N.  Merriman,  of  Iowa  Zeta,  and  Celeste  Janvier,  of 
Louisiana  Alpha.    The  charter  was  dated  December  29, 

1909,  and  the  installation  on  that  date  was  conducted 
by  Grand  President  May  L.  Keller,  assisted  by  Mrs.  E. 
N.  Merriman,  Iowa  Zeta,  Mrs.  Hugh  Branson,  of  Indiana- 
Beta,  and  Mrs.  J.  F.  Gilbert,  of  Iowa  Beta.    The  follow- 
ing were  the  charter  members :  —  Hazel  Gadson,  Ruth 
Wood  (Clark),  Mary  Shannon,  Ruth  Jennings,  Mildred 
Gregg,  Victoria  Vogel,  Sallie  Pope,  Nellie  Wilson,  Mary 
Campbell,  Madge  Campbell  (Koser),  Mary  Droke,  Lyta 
Davis,  Susie  Moore  (Rowan),  Dolph  McCain,  Elizabeth 
Nichols,  Lucy  Nichols,  Sulu  Fleeman,  Bess  Jane  Graham 
(Black),    Margaret    Stuckey     (Cole),    Barbara    Davis 
(Olney),  Wauda  Richards,  Aileen  Spencer,  Ovid  Young 
(Barrett),  Sunshine  Fields  (Yates),  Frances  Douglass, 
Lillian  Wallace   (Raney),  Claire  Norris    (Moody)    and 
Josephine  Dubs   (Bohart).     She  has  initiated  seventy- 
four  members.    (See  Arrow,  Volume  XXVI,  pages  108- 
111.) 

(41)  OKLAHOMA  ALPHA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  OKLAHOMA, 
Norman,  Oklahoma,  was  organized  through  the  efforts 
of  Mrs.  Bertha  Holland-Branson  and  Mrs.  Lela  Gray- 
Clifton,  of  Indiana  Beta,  and  chartered  September  1, 

1910.  The  installation  was  conducted  by  Grand  Presi- 


EXTENSION  49 

dent  May  Lansfield  Keller,  assisted  by  Mrs.  Florence 
Chase-Cass,  of  Michigan  Alpha,  with  the  following- 
charter  members :  —  Carolyne  Wynn  Ledbetter,  Ella 
May  Thompson,  Dorothy  L.  Bell,  Inez  McMillan,  Bess 
Jane  McMillan,  Hallette  B.  Fraley,  Lucile  K.  Bell, 
Beatrice  von  Keller,  M.  Zoe  Borrowdale,  Grace  Lee,  Eva 
Lee,  Alice  Heines,  Nellie  Frances  Johnson,  Jennie  B, 
Dyer,  Ereah  Rash,  Nannie  Lee  Miller  and  Madge  E, 
Ackley.  She  has  initiated  seventy-five  members.  (See 
Arrow,  Volume  XXVII,  pages  23-34.) 

(42)  WYOMING    ALPHA,    UNIVERSITY    OF    WYOMING, 
Laramie,  Wyoming,  was  chartered  through  the  influence 
of  Dr.  Grace  Raymond  Hebard,  of  Iowa  Zeta,  on  Sep- 
tember 8,  1910.    Grand  President  May  Lansfield  Keller, 
assisted  by  Mary  Wallihan-Gibson,  of  Colorado  Beta, 
Frances    Dunning,    Maryland    Alpha,    Dr.    Grace    R. 
Hebard,    of    Iowa   Zeta,    and   Louise    Tourtellotte,    of 
Colorado  Alpha,  conducted  the  installation,  with  the 
following  charter  members :  —  Harriet  Abbott,  Evangel- 
ine  Downey,  Vera  Hellenback,  Theresa  Langheldt,  Mary 
Ben  Wilson,   Margaret  Aber    (Hoge),   Miriam   Doyle, 
Merle  Kissick,  Edith  Miller,  Dorothy  Worthington,  Jean 
Douglass,   Ruth    Greenbaum,   Wilberta   Knight,   Maud 
Skinner  and  Agnes  Wright.    Sixty-six  members  have 
been  added  to  Pi  Beta  Phi  by  this  chapter,  two  of  whom 
are  deceased.     (For  account  of  installation,  see  Arrow, 
Volume  XXVII,  page  39.) 

(43)  ILLINOIS    ETA,    JAMES    MILLIKIN    UNIVERSITY, 
Decatur,  Illinois,  was  chartered  March  29,  1912,  being 
organized  from  the  local  Delta  Theta  Psi  Fraternity, 
which  was  the  first  woman 's  fraternity  of  James  Millikin 


50  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

University.  The  installation  was  conducted  by  Grand 
President  May  Lansfield  Keller,  with  the  following 
charter  members :  —  Helen  Page  (Huff) ,  Lucy  A.  Curtis, 
Norma  L.  Council  (O'Bannow),  Lois  A.  Browne,  Marie 
Scott  (Camp),  Jessie  E.  Patterson  (O'Day),  Mabel  K. 
Edmonson,  Ann  Stoker,  Helen  Keeley,  Margaret  Hessler, 
Eula  Mason,  Virginia  Bowyer,  Irma  Nicholson,  Fannie 
Johnson  (Patch),  Irene  Handlin  (Duerr),  Lucy  Pen- 
hallegon-Montgomery,  Florence  Page,  Esther  M.  Starr, 
Grace  Thrift,  Olga  Keek-McDavid,  Margaret  Gray- 
Oliphant,  Lucile  Logan,  Edith  W.  Bowyer,  Lucile  Hunt 
(Petrie),  Myrtle  Rugh  Gearin,  Jessie  L.  Ferguson, 
Helen  A.  Bishop,  Katherine  Troutman,  Winifred  D. 
Moorehead,  Katherine  Holmes,  Pearl  Tippett  (Mattes), 
Ruth  Bicknell- Walker,  Blossom  Field  (Taylor),  Edith 
Schenck,  Candace  Cloyd  (Johnson),  Alta  Witherspoon- 
McDavid,  Ruth  Nicholson,  Gladys  Smith-McGaughey  and 
Adelaide  Bingaman-Wassen.  Illinois  Eta's  roll  shows 
eighty-one  members  initiated,  two  of  whom  have  died. 
(See  Arrow,  Volume  XXVIII,  pages  434-437.) 

(44)  WASHINGTON  BETA,  WASHINGTON  STATE  COL- 
LEGE, Pullman,  Washington,  was  chartered  July  6,  1912. 
The  installation  was  conducted  by  Anna  Lytle-Tannahill, 
Nebraska  Beta,  with  the  following  charter  members :  — 
Gladys  McCroskey,  Edna  Folger,  Harriet  Baker,  Helen 
Roudebush,  Edna  Davis,  Quevenne  Mecklem,  Zelv  Meck- 
lem,  Ruth  Turner,  Mildred  Guile,  Helen  Quarels,  Ruth 
Mclnnis,  Lillian  MacLeod,  Laura  Thompson,  Eleanor 
Henderson,  Elizabeth  Mervyn,  Mildred  Waters,  Frances 
Carroll,  Elizabeth  Yermilge,  Helen  Newland,  Cora  Holt 
Phillips,  Doris  Schumaker,  Margaret  Thompson,  Geor- 


* 


9 


46 


B 


i 


Florida  Alpha  Group. 


Ontario  Alpha  House. 


Illinois  Eta  House. 


EXTENSION  51 

gia  Davis  and  Florence  Westacott.  Fifty-four  Pi  Phis 
have  been  initiated  into  this  chapter  since  its  founding. 
(See  Arrow,  Volume  XXIX,  page  48.) 

(45)  FLORIDA  ALPHA,  JOHN  B.  STETSON  UNIVERSITY, 
De  Land,  Florida,  was  chartered  January  30,  1913,  with 
the  following  charter  members :  —  Ruth  Allen,  Marie 
Dye,  Fay  Cribbett,  Nina  Phillips,  Mabel  Eldredge,  Mar- 
guerite Blocker,  June  Loel  Adams,  Mary  Ellen  Keown, 
Lee  Craig  Bowers,  Gladys  Louise  Sidway,  Mildred  La 
Verne   Vorce,   Annie   Nadine   Holden,   Harriet   Spratt 
Hulley,   Louise   Crisfield   Hulley,    Sarah   Van   Hoosen 
Jones,  Mary  Landes  Buttorff,  Lillian  Wadsworth  Eld- 
redge and  Katherine  Brice  Carpenter.    Grand  President 
May    Lansfield    Keller,    assisted    by    Eloise    Mayham- 
Hulley,  Pennsylvania  Beta,  conducted  the  installation. 
She  has  added  thirty-eight  members  to  the  long  roll 
of  Pi  Beta  Phi.     (See  Arrow,   Volume  XXIX,  page 
422.) 

(46)  VIRGINIA    ALPHA,    RANDOLPH-MACON    COLLEGE, 
College  Park,  Virginia,  was  organized  from  Iota  Chapter 
of  Alpha  Sigma  Alpha,  and  installed  by  Grand  President 
May  Lansfield  Keller,  on  May  10,  1913,  with  the  follow- 
ing   charter    members :  —  Catherine    Murphy,    Marion 
Daniel,  Margaret  Moffett,  Ruth  Curtiss,  Enid  Alexander, 
Mollie  Mistrot,  Stella  Cameron,  Virginia  Wood,  Martha 
Rader,  Johnnie  Link,  Grace  Link,  Marion  Fowlkes,  and 
Clara  Williams.    Thirty-seven  members  have  been  added 
to  the  rolls  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  by  this  chapter.   (See  Arrow, 
Volume  XXIX,  pages  591-599.) 

(47)  MISSOURI  GAMMA,  DRURY  COLLEGE,  Springfield, 
Missouri,  was  organized  from  the  local  chapter  of  Mu 


52  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Beta  Fraternity,  and  chartered  January  9,  1914.  Grand 
Vice-President  Lida  Burkhard-Lardner  conducted  the 
installation,  which  made  forty-two  Mu  Betas  members  of 
Pi  Beta  Phi.  The  following  are  the  charter  members :  — 
Elizabeth  C.  Allen,  Margaret  Bishop,  Lillian  Boyd,  Mary 
Criss,  Marie  Gates,  Marguerite  George,  Lois  Hall,  Carrie 
Humphries,  Mary  Hopkins,  Isabel  Morse,  Janet  Mc- 
•Quiston,  Nina  McCanse,  Charline  McCanse,  Ruth 
Minard,  Inez  Mathes,  Victoria  Pease,  Clara  Pitt,  Mar- 
garet Pipkin,  Aldine  Patterson,  Opal  Rhamy,  Lola 
Robertson,  Orpha  Smith,  Esther  Vallette,  Agatha  Wat- 
son, Ruth  Wilson,  Ora  Walton,  all  active  members,  and 
May  Berry,  Susie  Dillard,  Myrtle  Hurt,  Carolyn  Harri- 
son-Houston, Ruth  Hubbell,  Helen  Hall,  Mary  Lair, 
Marie  McCanse,  Yvonne  McClain  Morgan,  Bess  Rogers, 
Dell  Dumphy  Reps,  Hazel  Smith,  Statira  Fisher-Sills, 
Sarah  Townsend,  Ruth  Thomas  and  Ethel  Rhamy- Wag- 
staff,  alumnae  members.  Seventy  members  have  been 
added  to  the  rolls  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  by  this  chapter.  (See 
Arrow,  Volume  XXX,  pages  324-332.) 

(48)  NEW  YORK  GAMMA,  ST.  LAWRENCE  UNIVERSITY, 
Oanton,  New  York,  was  organized  from  Omega  Gamma 
Sigma,  a  local  fraternity,  and  chartered  March  20,  1914, 
with  the  following  charter  members :  —  Belle  Allen, 
Helen  Brainerd,  Amanda  Pellens,  Minette  Newman, 
Mayfred  Claflin,  Frances  Gover,  Mary  O'Donnell,  Alice 
McDonald,  Arloine  Hastings,  Florence  Maloney,  Mary 
Dana,  Muriel  Waters,  Virginia  Dill,  Estelle  Cordery, 
Bessie  Blanchard,  Angela  Courtright,  Edna  Mayo,  Edith 
Tryon,  Helen  Mileham,  Ruth  Richardson,  Audrey  Has- 
tings, Mildred  Pellens,  Elizabeth  Towne  and  Estelle 


Iowa  Alpha. 


Iowa  Gamma. 


Virginia  Alpha. 


New  York  Gamma. 


Wyoming  Alpha. 


Nebraska  Beta. 


EXTENSION  53 

McVickar.  The  installation  was  conducted  by  Grand 
President  May  Lansfield  Keller.  This  chapter  has  added 
eighty-seven  members  to  Pi  Beta  Phi.  (See  Arrow, 
Volume  XXX,  pages  543-565.) 


"  Do  you  know  that  the  old  Fraternity  grows  higher 
and  nobler  to  me  every  year?  My  fraternity  experience 
grows  richer  and  richer  to  me  though  it  be  dead  to  all 
outward  show.  How  the  touch  of  time  has  softened  even 
the  irregularities  of  those  days  into  a  quiet  beauty." — 
SCROLL,  OF  PHI  DELTA  THETA. 


CHAPTER   IV 

INACTIVE   CHAPTERS 

WE,  as  Americans,  point  with  justifiable  pride,  to  our 
free  institutions  and  democratic  society.  We  teach  our 
young  to  declaim  from  the  Declaration  of  Independence 
that  '  *  all  men  are  created  equal ;  that  they  are  endowed 
by  their  Creator  with  certain  inalienable  rights;  that 
among  these  are  life,  liberty  and  the  pursuit  of  happi- 
ness. ' '  In  our  public  schools,  the  rich  and  the  poor,  the 
brilliant  and  the  dull,  sit  side  by  side  and  stand  shoulder 
to  shoulder,  and  march  out  as  one,  but  it  will  be  noticed 
that  at  the  school  gate  kindred  spirits  pair  off,  and 
groups  of  congenial  girls  and  boys  fall  in  step  to  go  their 
choice  of  ways.  The  trite,  homely  old  expression,  *  '  birds 
of  a  feather  flock  together, "  has  never  lost  its  signifi- 
cance. The  savage  chief,  whose  instinct  is  his  ruling 
force,  gathers  around  him  the  strongest  men  of  his 
barbaric  tribe.  All  historians  of  all  ages  tell  us  of  the 
groupings  of  men  and  women  with  common  feelings. 
The  assembling  of  congenial  persons  with  the  same 
avowed  ideals  and  hopes  is  as  old  as  the  mountains,  and 
when  a  person  attempts  to  arraign  or  condemn  the  college 
fraternity  on  the  ground  of  exclusiveness  or  harmful 
cliques,  he  is  ignorant  of  the  true  and  lasting  benefits 
coming  from  fraternity  life,  or  he  is  paid  to  shepherd 
and  care  alike  for  those  under  him,  and  he  must  be  true 

57 


58  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

to  his  interpretation  of  this  trust,  frowning  upon  organ- 
ized discriminations  and  selected  societies.  To  this  last 
reason,  we  owe  the  greatest  struggle  of  our  life  for  ex- 
istence in  the  early  days  of  our  history,  and  because  of 
this  opposition,  which  in  many  cases  resulted  in  passing 
anti-fraternity  laws  in  our  colleges  and  universities,  we 
were  forced  to  withdraw  and  record  as  inactive  the  fol- 
lowing eight  chapters :  — 

(1)  ILLINOIS  ALPHA,  MONMOUTH  COLLEGE,  Monmouth, 
Illinois,  our  beloved  Mother  Chapter,  founded  April  28, 
1867,  by  Libbie  Brook  (Gaddis),  Maggie  Campbell,  Ada 
Bruen  (Grier),  Clara  Brownlee  (Hutchinson),  Emma 
Brownlee  (Kilgore),  Fannie  Whitenack  (Libby),  Rosa 
Moore,  Ina  Smith  (Soule),  Fannie  Thompson,  Jennie 
Home  (Turnbull)  and  Nannie  Black  (Wallace).  This 
chapter  was  known  as  ALPHA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C. 
Sorosis  from  its  birth  until  the  Convention  at  Indianola 
in  1886,  when  all  chapters  were  renamed  by  letters  of 
the  Greek  alphabet  with  the  name  of  the  state  prefixed, 
and  the  Mother  Chapter  became  Illinois  Alpha.  It  was 
voted  that  for  all  time,  whether  active  or  inactive,  she 
should  be  known  by  this  name.  Illinois  Alpha  was  the 
ruling  chapter  of  the  organization  from  1867  to  1884, 
with  the  exception  of  a  short  time  between  1880  and 
1882,  when  Lambda,  at  Simpson  College,  Indianola,  held 
the  governing  power,  by  a  vote  of  the  Mt.  Pleasant  Con- 
vention of  1880.  In  1884,  by  an  action  of  the  college 
Faculty,  all  secret  fraternities  were  abolished  in  Mon- 
mouth College,  and  the  Mother  Chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi 
ceased  to  exist,  but  her  influence  had  spread,  and  the 
strong  growth  of  her  chapters  extends  to-day  over  our 


INACTIVE    CHAPTERS  59 

country  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific  and  from  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico  to  the  Arctic  Ocean,  while  her  daughters 
and  granddaughters  are  scattered  over  the  whole  world. 
Illinois  Alpha  has  seventy-two  living  members,  and 
the  souls  of  thirteen  have  gone  to  their  Heavenly  Father. 

(2)  MT.  PLEASANT  FEMALE  SEMINARY,  Mt.  Pleasant, 
Iowa,  was  established  in  October,  1869,  by  Nancy  Lee 
Black    (Wallace),    of   Monmouth    College,    and    Prude 
Kibben  (Murphy),  of  Iowa  Alpha,  and  was  known  at 
first  as  Beta  Chapter,  and  later  as  Delta  Chapter  of  I. 
C.  Sorosis.    Her  charter  members  were :  —  Nannie  Fitz- 
gerald (Wharton),  Mary  Crane,  Elizabeth  MacEllhiney, 
Ella  Wright   (Mapel),  Anna  Wallace   (Hoffman),  Keo 
Knapp  (Stoddard)  and  Mary  Wright  (Peary).    Owing 
to  the  serious  disapproval  of  all  secret  organizations  on 
the  part  of  the  Faculty  this  chapter  surrendered  its 
charter  and  became  inactive  in  1871.     Thirty-six  mem- 
bers were  initiated  during  her  short  life,  twelve  of  whom 
are  deceased. 

(3)  BAPTIST  YOUNG  LADIES'  INSTITUTE,  Indianapolis, 
Indiana,    was   chartered   in   December,    1870,    as   Zeta 
Chapter  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  through  the  influence  of  Louise 
Parks   (Richards),  of  Epsilon  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  then 
Asbury  University.     Her  charter  members  were  Laura 
McDonald,  Laura  Bingham,  Belle  Roach,  Julia  Sharpe, 
Ethel  Johnston  and  Louise  Parks.    It  developed  after  a 
few  meetings  that  the  Faculty  wished  to  reverse  their 
consent  to  organizing  a  secret  society  in  the  Institute, 
and  the  charter  was  returned  before  admitting  any  mem- 
bers other  than  the  six  charter  members. 

(4)  PELLA  COLLEGE,  Pella,  Iowa,  was  granted  a  charter 


60  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

in  1881  through  the  efforts  of  Elizabeth  DeLong,  under 
the  name  of  Sigma  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  but  owing  to  almost 
immediate  opposition  to  secret  societies  the  charter  was 
returned  and  the  chapter  ceased  to  exist.  There  is  no 
record  of  the  names  of  the  charter  members. 

(5)  JACKSONVILLE    FEMALE    ACADEMY,    Jacksonville, 
Illinois,  was  established  in  November,  1881,  by  Lizzie 
Guthrie  (Pardoe),  of  Illinois  Alpha,  with  the  following 
charter  members:  —  Jane  Scolfield,  Mae  Curry  (Bell), 
Jeannette  Miller,  Clara  Rentschler  (Hess),  Nellie  Bullard 

(Price),  Cora  Rodgers  (Montgomery),  Ellen  L.  Gary 
(Mack),  Lida  Dulaney,  Lillian  Best,  Emma  Ewing  and 
Belle  Stilson  (Hoss).  This  chapter  was  known  as  Phi 
Chapter  of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  but  was  short  lived,  owing  to 
Faculty  opposition  to  secret  societies,  and  in  November, 
1884,  the  six  active  members  agreed  to  surrender  their 
charter.  Twelve  members  were  initiated  into  this  chapter. 

(6)  WESLEY  AN  COLLEGE,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  was  founded 
by  M.  Annette  Jones   (now  Mrs.  George  L.  Walls),  of 
Kansas  Alpha,  on  January  14,  1885,  as  Psi  Chapter  of 
I.   C.   Sorosis.     The  charter  members  were :  —  Harriet 
Ritter,  Florence  McGowan,  Westanna  Brown,  Cornelia 
Humphrey,  Esther  Rhay  and  Thirza  Burns.    The  charter 
was  received  and  the  chapter  fully  organized  when  the 
college  authorities  passed  a  resolution  prohibiting  secret 
societies  in  the  institution.     The  chapter,  when  it  sur- 
rendered its  charter  in  1886,  had  thirteen  members  upon 
its  rolls.    In  a  personal  letter,  written  at  the  time,  it  is 
recorded  that ' '  the  girls  were  so  angry  and  disappointed 
that  Florence  McGowan  and  Harriet  Ritter  gathered  the 
charter,  the  constitution,   the  minutes  and  everything 


INACTIVE    CHAPTERS  61 

pertaining   to   the   chapter   and   burned   them   in   the 
furnace." 

(7)  HASTINGS    COLLEGE,    Hastings,    Nebraska,     was 
organized  as  Nebraska  Beta,  November  17,  1887,  through 
the  efforts  of  Luella  Vance  (Phillips),  Maud  C.  Harri- 
son and  Flora  S.  Bowman  (McCloud),  of  York,  assisted 
by  Flora  Blackburn  (Lamson),  of  York,  and  Lillie  Selby 
(Moor),  of  Iowa  Zeta.     The  charter  members  were:  — 
Leta  Horlocker,  Luella  Vance  (Phillips),  Adeline  Shedd, 
Freda  Elizabeth  Wahlquist   (Zacharias),  but  owing  to 
almost    immediate    opposition,    the    chapter    failed    to 
prosper  and  the  Convention  at  Galesburg  in  1890  voted 
to  recall  the  charter.    Only  five  members  were  initiated 
after  the  founding  in  1887,  making  the  total  membership 
nine. 

(8)  OHIO  GAMMA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  OHIO,  Wooster,  Ohio, 
was  formed  from  the  local  society  Alpha  Delta  Psi,  and 
chartered  September  20,  1910.     Grand  President  May 
Lansfield  Keller  conducted  the  installation,  assisted  by 
Elda  Smith,  of  Illinois  Epsilon,  and  Mrs.  James  Ewing, 
of  Maryland  Alpha.     The  following  were  the  charter 
members :  —  Grace   Lenore   Thurness,   Helen   Elizabeth 
Colville,  Florence  Hilda  Rodewig,  Anna  Clark  Palmer, 
Dorothy  Martin,  Helen  M.  Harrington,  Ellen  Fessenden 
Boyer,  Altha  Marie  Munn,  Helen  Marie  Walker,  Ruth 
Mackintosh,  Pearl  Elizabeth  McCrory,  Georgia  L.  Munn, 
Estella  Grace  Klein,  Elsa  I.  Schlicht  and  Esther  Boyer. 
She  has  initiated  forty-eight  members.    (For  account  of 
installation,  see  Arrow,  Volume  XXVII,  page  43.    For 
account  of  expulsion,  see  Arrow,  Volume  XXIX9  page 
419.) 


62  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Charters  from  the  following  five  chapters  were  re- 
called because  of  insufficient  support  or  unsatisfactory 
fraternity  material  of  Pi  Phi  standard:  — 

(1)  ASBURY  UNIVERSITY,    Greencastle,   Indiana,   was 
chartered  in  September,  1870,  as  Epsilon  Chapter  of  I. 
C.  Sorosis,  through  the  efforts  of  Kate  F.  Preston,  of 
Mt.  Pleasant,  with  the  following  charter  members :  — 
Ella  Jones  (Preston),  Florence  Brown  (Miller),  Laura 
Beswick  (McKaig),  and  Rose  Rankin.    This  charter  was 
officially  withdrawn  in   1877;   it   was  never  a   strong 
chapter.    The  school  atmosphere  may  be  imagined  from 
the  following  quotation  from  a  letter  of  one  of  the 
charter  members,  giving  a  very  interesting  picture  of 
the  ' '  co-ed 's  ' '  early  struggles :    ' '  One  of  the  set  prayers 
at  Chapel  exercises,  of  one  of  our  professors,  was  for 
1  the  over  three  hundred  young  men  and  the  some  few 
voung  women  '  "  —  and  she  adds,  ' '  We  felt  rather  few 
and  unwelcome !  ' '     The  records  show  that  twelve  mem- 
bers were  initiated,  four  of  whom  are  dead. 

(2)  ILLINOIS  WESLEY  AN  COLLEGE,  Bloomington,  Illi- 
nois, was  chartered  February  18,  1872,  as  Theta  Chapter 
of  I.  C.  Sorosis,  through  the  work  of  Kate  Preston, 
Indiana   Alpha    (then   Asbury   University).     All   the 
records  of  this  chapter  were  destroyed,  the  charter  being 
withdrawn  soon  after  it  was  granted. 

(3)  STATE    INSTITUTE,    Bloomington,    Indiana,    was 
chartered  in  April,  1872,  as  Eta  Chapter  of  I.  C.  Sorosis, 
through  the  influence  of  Love  Gregg,  but  there  is  no 
record  that  the  chapter  thrived,  and  the  ruling  of  the 
Convention  of  1885  invalidated  the  charter,  and  the 
chapter  was  put  on  record  as  inactive. 


INACTIVE    CHAPTERS  63 

(4)  DEARBORN  SEMINARY,  Chicago,  Illinois,  was  estab- 
lished in  November,  1881,  through  the  enthusiastic  efforts 
of  Jennie  Hardin  (Disney)  and  Nettie  C.  Braiden  (Mc- 
Clanahan),  of  Monmouth  College,  as  Rho  Chapter  of  I. 
C.  Sorosis.     The  charter  members  were  Celia  Hefter, 
Rebecca  Hefter  (Chapsky),  Lucy  S.  Silke,  Allie  Silke 
(Hunger),    Eugenia   Hegan,   Mary   Hegan   and   Julia 
Tierney  (Van  Osdel).    The  chapter  disbanded  November 
27, 1883,  and  the  charter  was  returned  in  January,  1884. 
The  records  show  that  nine  members  were  taken  in  dur- 
ing its  two  years  of  existence. 

(5)  CARTHAGE  COLLEGE,  Carthage,  Illinois,  was  organ- 
ized by  Nannie  Thompson  (Lord),  of  Illinois  Alpha,  and 
chartered  on  September  13,  1882,  as  Tau  Chapter  of  I. 
C.  Sorosis.     After  the  Convention  of  1886,  it  became 
Illinois  Gamma.     The  charter  members  were:  —  Mamie 
Hooker  (Doust),  Kate  Johnson  (McClure),  Julia  Ferris 
(Hubbs),    Margaret    Stepp     (Aleshire)     and    Nannie 
Thompson  (Lord).    In  1888,  this  chapter  failed  to  com- 
ply with  the  requirements  of  the  Constitution  and  the 
charter  was  withdrawn  by  a  vote  of  the  Convention. 
Twenty-seven   members   were   added   to   Pi   Beta   Phi 
through  the  organization,  five  of  whom  are  dead. 

The  removal,  or  financial  failure,  of  the  following 
three  colleges  made  it  necessary  to  withdraw  the 
charters :  — 

(1)  Lambda  Chapter  of  I.  C.  Sorosis  was  estab- 
lished at  COE  COLLEGE,  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  through 
members  from  the  Mt.  Pleasant  Chapter,  during  the 
Autumn  of  1884,  with  the  following  charter  members :  — 
Emma  Josephine  Pordyce,  Carrie  Fordyce,  Emma 


64  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Forsythe,  Lavinia  Forsythe,  Helen  Burton  and  Belle 
Dusill.  "  It  was  composed  of  fine  women  and  workers 
and  flourished;  though,  when  the  college  failed  two 
years  later,  it  was  compelled  to  surrender  its  charter; 
but  the  members  held  together  as  an  alumnae  chapter 
until  1886. "  Seventeen  members  were  added  to  Pi  Phi 
by  this  charter. 

(2)  NEBRASKA  METHODIST  COLLEGE,  York,  Nebraska, 
was  established  July  5,  1884,  as  Chi  Chapter  of  I.  C. 
Sorosis,  by  Flora  M.  Housel  (McDowell),  of  Iowa  Alpha, 
with   the   following   seven   charter  members :  —  Vinnie 
Harrison    (Cowell),    Callie    L.    Mam    (Daggy),    Belle 
Dickey  (Hunter),  Louise  Woodruff  (Jerome),  Flora  S. 
Bowman  (McCloud),  Mary  L.  Baldwin  (Wyckoff)  and 
Flora  M.  Wycoff  (Cameron).     This  chapter  flourished 
until  1892,  when  the  college  closed  its  doors  at  York,  and 
moved    to    Lincoln,    Nebraska,    where    it    became    the 
Nebraska  Wesleyan  University.     This  chapter  initiated 
fifty-six  members,  six  of  whom  are  dead.     It  was  a 
prosperous  and  strong  chapter,  having  sent  members  to 
many  states  in  the  Union,  one  to  Ceylon  and  one  to 
Japan.    This  chapter  started,  and  maintained  a  library 
in  York  for  ten  years,  and  then  gave  over  one  thousand 
volumes  to  the  city  to  become  the  nucleus  for  the  city 
library.    It  was  with  deep  regret  to  the  Fraternity  that 
it  was  compelled  to  chronicle  the  death  of  the  York 
chapter. 

(3)  C  ALLAN  AN    COLLEGE,    Des    Moines,    Iowa,    was 
granted   a   charter   by   the    Indianola   Convention    on 
October  21,  1886,  with  five  charter  members.    Six  mem- 
bers were  initiated  in  1886  and  three  in  1887.    In  June, 


Library  at  York,  Nebraska. 


INACTIVE    CHAPTERS  65 

1888,  the  college  was  closed  and  transferred  its  good  will 
to  Drake  University,  which  prohibited  secret  societies. 
This  chapter  was  named  Iowa  Lambda  and  added  four- 
teen members  to  Pi  Beta  Phi. 

By  a  vote  of  the  Lawrence  Convention,  in  November, 
1885,  which  invalidated  all  charters  to  chapters  outside 
of  colleges  and  universities,  we  lost  the  following  nine 
chapters :  — 

(1)  CLABINDA,  Iowa,  Nu  CHAPTER  of  I.  C.  Sorosis, 
was  organized  in  1881,  by  Georgia  Burlingham  (Bell), 
of  Monmouth  College,  and  was  composed  entirely  of 
young  ladies  of  the  town  of  Clarinda.     The   charter 
members  were:  —  Kate  Rickey  (Marlowe),  Dora  Rickey, 
Emma  Cozier  (Shaver),  Minnie  Chamberlaine  (Russel), 
Minnie  Hinman  (Welsh),  Anna  McPherrin   (Frazier), 
Alice    Clement    (Lundy),   Laura   Calhoon    (McGuire), 
Ada  Calhoon  (Holmes)  and  Emma.  Tomlinson  (Morris). 
The  constitution  and  all  papers  pertaining  to  the  chapter 
were  destroyed  by  Emma  Tomlinson  and  no  records  of 
the  initiations  after  the  first  year  are  to  be  had.     Ten 
members  were  initiated  in  1881. 

(2)  BURLINGTON,  Iowa,  OMICRON  CHAPTER  of  I.  C. 
Sorosis,  was   organized  by  the  Mt.   Pleasant   Chapter 
of  I.  C.  in  July,  1881.    In  1886  thirty-eight  members  had 
been  initiated  into  the  chapter,  three  of  whom  are  re- 
corded as  deceased. 

(3)  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL,  Bloomfield,  Iowa, 
was  established  in  October,  1881,  as  Xi  CHAPTER  of 
I.   C.   Sorosis,  through  the  influence  of  Sadie  Young 
(Jones)  and  Alice  Johnson  (Steel),  of  Iowa  Alpha.    It 
was  Xi  Chapter  until  1882,  then  Nu  Chapter  until  1885, 


66  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

then  Omega  until  1886,  when  it  went  out  of  existence 
through  the  ruling  of  the  Convention  of  1885.  The 
charter  members  were  the  following :  —  Sude  Weaver 
(Evans),  Saidee  Gooding  (Hathaway),  Elva  Plank 
(Anderson),  Delia  Greenleaf  (Sowers),  Hattie  Trimble 
(Stanbro)  and  Rena  Galloway  (Summers).  She  initiated 
seventy-nine  members  and  has  lost  six  by  death.  This 
chapter  gave  us  many  prominent  Fraternity  women  as 
well  as  strong  women  scattered  over  the  whole  United 
States. 

(4)  DES  MOINES,   Iowa,   OMEGA   CHAPTER  of   I.    C. 
Sorosis,  was  established  in  May,  1882,  through  the  in- 
fluence of  the  Mt.  Pleasant  active  chapter,  and  was  com- 
posed entirely  of  alumnse. 

(5)  F  AIRFIELD,  Iowa,  BETA  OMEGA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C. 
Sorosis,  was  organized  October  12,  1882,  by  two  members 
of  I.  C.  from  Iowa  Wesleyan  College.    In  1886  it  became 
IOWA  ETA.    The  charter  was  returned  in  1890.    Its  rolls 
show  thirty-eight  members,  seven  of  whom  have  died. 

(6)  OTTUMWA,  Iowa,  ZETA  OMEGA  CHAPTER  of  I.  C. 
Sorosis,  was  chartered  August  22,  1884,  with  the  follow- 
ing charter  members:  —  Maud  Daggett,  Helen  Warren, 
Caroline    Walton    (Miller),    Hester    Warden    (Fann), 
Nettie  Warden    (Williams),  Elizabeth  Flagler,  Emma 
Harper    (Jones),    Kate    Jackson    (Craig)    and    Anna 
Warden  (Yarble).    This  chapter  was  composed  of  col- 
lege material,  but  not  active  collegians,  and  therefore, 
when  the  Convention  of  1885  voted  to  confine  its  mem- 
bers  to   college    or   university   students,    this   chapter, 
known  as  IOWA  THETA  after  the  renaming  of  the  chapters 
in  1886,  was  requested  to  surrender  its  charter,  which  it 


INACTIVE    CHAPTERS  67 

did  in  1893,  having  been  inactive  since  1886.  She 
initiated  sixty-eight  members  and  has  lost  eleven  by 
death. 

(7)  MT.  PLEASANT,  Iowa,  GAMMA  OMEGA  CHAPTER  of 
I.  C.  Sorosis,  was  organized  in  September,  1884.    After 
the  Indianola  Convention  in  1886  it  became  IOWA  IOTA. 
Owing  to  the  ruling  of  the  Lawrence  Convention  it  was 
obliged  to  surrender  its  charter,  and  in  1893  it  became 
inactive  and  joined  the  National  AlumnaB  Association  of 
Pi  Beta  Phi.    Ninety-six  were  admitted  into  membership 
of  this  chapter,  two  of  whom  are  dead. 

(8)  IOWA  CITY,  Iowa,  DELTA  OMEGA  of  I.  C.  Sorosis, 
was  established  through  the  influence  of  Iowa  Zeta,  on 
September  12,  1884.    This  was  a  short-lived  but  brilliant 
chapter,  adding  eighteen  members  to  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fra- 
ternity. 

(9)  LAWRENCE,  Kansas,   KAPPA   OMEGA,  was  estab- 
lished in  1885,  but  disbanded  the  following  year.     It 
confined  its  members  to  college  and  university  graduates. 

The  above  twenty-five  chapters  were  chartered  and 
were  a  part  of  the  Fraternity  organization.  The  history 
of  these  silent  chapters  cannot  be  recounted  by  any  true 
Pi  Phi  without  a  feeling  of  regret  and  sympathy.  Sev- 
eral of  them  were  so  short-lived  that  the  members  failed 
to  grasp  the  feeling  of  fellowship  and  affection  so  dear 
to  the  older  fraternity  woman,  but  the  disappointment 
that  came  to  those  others  years  ago  are  freshly  felt  when 
reading  the  sad  letters  written  at  that  time  by  members 
of  the  disbanded  chapters,  recounting  the  heartaches  and 
tears  when  the  charters  were  surrendered  and  the  chap- 
ters ceased  to  exist. 


68  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

When  a  girl  has  once  seen  the  vision  of  that  beautiful 
sister-life  of  true  sympathy  in  grief;  help,  and  comfort 
in  distress;  protection  in  danger;  rejoicing  in  triumphs; 
pleasure  in  victory;  joy  in  conquest  —  sincere  sympathy 
and  sisterly  love  under  all  circumstances  —  the  memory 
of  it,  for  all  time,  must  make  her  a  better  woman. 
"We  wear  our  Arrows  near  our  hearts  that  the 
close  contact  may  keep  the  connecting  current  intact 
from  the  rushing,  demanding,  worldly  forces  of  the 
present  day.  Because  it  stands  for  so  much  that  is 
sacred  and  dear  to  us,  we  always  —  whether  at  home, 
or  abroad;  where  the  world  may  see,  or  where  we  may 
be  alone  from  the  world  —  wear  our  Arrow  upon  our 
breast,  and  its  presence  gives  us  inspiration  and 
strength. 


"  We  enjoy  thoroughly  only  the  pleasure  that  we 
give." — DUMAS. 


Libbie  Brook-Gaddis. 


CHAPTER  V 

ORGANIZATION   AND   GOVERNMENT 

THE  Founders  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  were  wise  and  active 
organizers.  No  sooner  was  the  Mother  Chapter  at  Mon- 
mouth  firmly  established  than  Libbie  Brook-Gaddis 
entered  Iowa  Wesleyan  University,  and  established  Iowa 
Alpha  in  1868,  and  the  next  year,  another  Founder, 
Nancy  Lee  Black- Wallace,  established  the  chapter  at  Mt. 
Pleasant  in  October;  and  in  September,  1870,  Kate  F. 
Preston,  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  founded  the  chapter  at  Asbury 
University,  in  Greencastle.  College  education  for  women 
was  an  experiment  in  the  educational  world.  There 
was  no  precedent  for  I.  C.  to  follow  among  the  women's 
college  societies.  I.  C.  Sorosis  was  the  first  national 
secret  college  society  of  women,  or  sorority,  to  be 
modelled  after  the  men's  Greek-lettered  fraternity.  By 
the  nature  of  conditions  at  the  time,  the  growth  of  any 
woman's  fraternity,  "to  be  equal  in  every  respect  to 
the  strongest  man 's  fraternity, ' '  and  confined  exclusively 
to  college  students,  would  necessarily  be  slow  and  full 
of  discouragements.  On  the  other  hand,  women  who 
were  graduates  from  good  boarding-schools  and  semi- 
naries and  schools  of  the  rank  of  our  present-day  high 
schools,  were  begging  to  be  given  the  privilege  of  the 
new  secret  society  organization.  If  numbers  could  have 

71 


72  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

appealed  to  our  Founders,  the  rolls  of  I.  C.  Sorosis  might 
have  been  filled  with  enthusiastic  members,  but  from  the 
very  first  meeting  at  Monmouth  it  was  their  avowed 
purpose  to  confine  the  membership  to  college  and  uni- 
versity women.  The  first  Convention,  at  Oquawka,  in 
1868,  gave  much  thought  and  earnest  discussion  to  this 
subject,  with  the  result  that  it  was  voted  that  all  appli- 
cations for  charters  from  high  schools  and  boarding- 
schools  should  be  refused.  Our  Founders  were  deter- 
mined that  their  Sorosis  should  compare  favorably  with 
any  man's  fraternity.  Emma  Brownlee-Kilgore,  descri- 
bing the  Oquawka  Convention,  in  the  Historian's 
archives,  says :  —  "  Well  laid  plans  were  made  of  how 
we  would  extend  the  I.  C.  reputation  of  being  the  first 
woman's  secret  society;  how  we  would  enter  other  col- 
leges ;  no  high  schools  were  to  be  considered ;  and  we  also 
unanimously  decided  that  no  college  fraternity  among 
the  young  men  should  be  better,  wiser,  or  stronger  than 
ours." 

Our  records  show  that  in  1869  a  charter  was  granted 
to  Mt.  Pleasant  Female  Seminary;  in  1870  to  the  Bap- 
tist Young  Ladies'  Seminary,  in  Indianapolis,  and  in 
1881  to  the  Dearborn  Seminary,  in  Chicago,  and  also  to 
the  Jacksonville  Female  Seminary,  in  Jacksonville,  Illi- 
nois. In  each  of  these  cases  the  charters  were  granted 
through  the  enthusiastic  influence  of  initiated  I.  C. 
women  who  were  personally  interested  in  the  institutions. 
These  charters  were  short-lived. 

In  1881,  however,  with  the  chartering  of  Nu  Chapter 
of  I.  C.,  composed  entirely  of  young  ladies  of  the  town 
of  Clarinda,  Iowa,  —  mostly  school  teachers  and  promi- 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       73 

nent  women  of  literary  tastes,  —  a  precedent  was  estab- 
lished in  the  Sorosis,  which  was  quickly  followed  through 
the  state  of  Iowa.  Omicron  Chapter  was  chartered  at 
Burlington,  in  1881 ;  Beta  Omega  at  Fairfield,  in  1882 ; 
Zeta  Omega  (Iowa  Theta)  at  Ottumwa,  in  1884.  These 
chapters  were  styled  associate  chapters  and  were  com- 
posed of  women  of  high  intellectual  and  social  standing, 
and  consequently  added  strength,  collectively  and  in- 
dividually, to  the  organization.  Many  were  graduates 
of  universities  and  colleges  of  good  standing,  but  where 
no  secret  societies  existed. 

While  these  charters  were  granted  by  the  proper 
officials  of  the  Fraternity  and  were  properly  issued, 
there  was  no  constitutional  provision  for  them,  and  it 
was  in  violation  of  the  fundamental  idea  of  our 
Founders. 

Kappa  Alpha  Theta  and  Kappa  Kappa  Gama,  our  two 
strongest  rivals  at  that  time,  were  initiating  preparatory 
students,  and  the  men 's  fraternities  maintained  associate 
chapters.  Our  enthusiastic  officials,  through  too  liberal 
interpretation,  and  fired  with  over  zeal,  made  the  false 
step  which  caused  much  feeling  and  long  hours  of  dis- 
cussions in  Conventions  which  followed,  until  the  Con- 
vention of  November,  1885,  at  Lawrence,  Kansas,  when 
by  a  vote  of  the  Convention,  all  chapters  not  connected 
with  an  accredited  institution  of  learning  or  not  coming 
up  to  the  college  standard  were  withdrawn  from  active 
life.  This  devotion  to  the  high  ideals,  greatest  good  and 
best  interests  of  the  Fraternity,  was  forcibly  exemplified 
at  this  time,  when  members  voted  themselves  l '  inactive  ' ' 
and  went  home  to  grieve  over  their  loss  of  active  life 


74  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

in  the  Fraternity.  This  ruling  closed  the  active  lives  of 
nine  chapters  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity,  but  it  put  us 
on  the  high  plane  held  up  to  us  as  a  standard  by  our 
wise  Founders  and  the  strong,  progressive  women  of  the 
organization. 

Since  1885,  we  have  vigorously  maintained  this  high 
standard  among  our  sister  fraternities.  We  have  worked 
unflaggingly  for  our  avowed  ideals,  and  for  stronger 
womanhood  and  advancement  all  along  the  lines  of 
human  progress.  We  have  aimed  to  make  Pi  Beta  Phi  a 
synonym  for  honor,  virtue  and  sterling  worth.  With 
the  above  short-lived  exceptions,  we  have  worked  to  make 
our  organization  what  our  Founders  wished,  "  equal,  in 
every  respect,  to  the  strongest  men's  f raternity. ' ' 

MONMOUTH,  which  was  ALPHA  CHAPTER,  and  later 
Illinois  Alpha,  our  Mother  Chapter,  claimed  and  held 
the  final  decision  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  Fra- 
ternity from  1867  until  1880.  The  legislative  body 
consisted  of  a  delegate  from  each  chapter.  The  names 
first  applied  to  the  Grand  Officers  were  Right  Royal 
Lady  (president),  Sub  Royal  Lady  (vice-president), 
Quaestor  (treasurer),  and  Scribe  (secretary).  Monmouth 
College  furnished  all  the  officers  of  Grand  Alphas,  or 
conventions,  in  1868,  1870,  1872  and  1881.  All  matters 
of  Fraternity  discipline  and  government  were  held  sub- 
ject to  her  decision,  which  was  final. 

The  names  ALPHA  GRAND  and  GRAND  ALPHA  should 
not  be  confused.  GRAND  ALPHA  was  the  name  given  to 
the  general  conventions  until  1895,  while  ALPHA  GRAND 
was  the  name  of  the  chapter  which  held  supreme  power 
during  the  interim  of  Grand  Alphas,  or  conventions.  In 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       75 

August,  1895,  it  was  voted  that  the  term  Grand  Alpha 
be  dropped,  and  that  of  Convention  be  substituted. 

In  1870,  we  had  three  active  chapters  when  the  Con- 
vention at  Mt.  Pleasant  was  called,  and  the  first  dis- 
cussion entered  the  ranks  of  I.  C.  Sorosis  as  to  broaden- 
ing the  methods  of  government.  The  conditions  at 
Monmouth  were  rapidly  changing;  the  anti-fraternity 
spirit  had  developed  into  an  anti-fraternity  war,  among 
students  and  Faculty  alike.  This  Convention  adjourned, 
however,  without  making  a  change  in  the  mode  of  govern- 
ment. 

Heretofore,  the  convention  officers  of  president  and 
secretary  elected  at  the  time  of  meeting  for  duty  at  that 
session,  had  been  chosen  from  Alpha  Grand  (Monmouth), 
but  in  1878,  at  the  Indianola  Convention,  conditions  had 
reached  such  a  stage  at  Monmouth,  that  a  change  in 
government  seemed  inevitable,  and  the  officers  were 
elected  from  Iowa  Beta,  at  Simpson  College.  This  action 
paved  the  way  for  later  legislation. 

Two  years  later,  in  1880,  at  a  second  Mt.  Pleasant 
Convention,  Monmouth,  refusing  to  acknowledge  the 
right  of  any  other  body  to  call  a  convention,  owing  to  her 
keen  opposition  to  surrendering  her  claimed  inherent 
right  to  supreme  authority,  (though  there  was  nothing 
in  the  Constitution  to  that  effect),  failed  to  send  a  dele- 
gate to  represent  her  in  convention.  At  this  time,  the 
Convention  formally  voted  to  transfer  the  right  to 
supreme  power,  assumed  by  Monmouth  since  the  birth 
of  the  Fraternity,  *  '  to  the  strongest  and  most  prosperous 
chapter,"  which,  by  a  vote  of  the  delegates,  was  given  to 
LAMBDA  CHAPTER,  at  Simpson  College,  and  each  chapter 


76  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

was  given  three  delegates  in  convention,  instead  of  one  as 
heretofore. 

The  names  applied  to  the  officers  were  changed  at  this 
Convention  to  Illustra  Regina,  Regina  Secunda,  Treas- 
urer, Scribe,  Censor  and  Corresponding  Scribe.  These 
names  applied  to  the  chapter  officers  as  well  as  to  the 
convention  officers. 

This  Mt.  Pleasant  Convention  of  1880  marked  a  crisis 
in  the  early  history  of  the  life  of  I.  C.  Sorosis.  The 
business  of  the  Convention  was  conducted  with  great 
deliberation,  seriousness  and  regret.  It  acknowledged 
the  waning  strength  of  the  Mother  Chapter  that  gave 
us  life  and  existence. 

Two  years  later,  however,  in  1882,  after  many  efforts 
made  with  the  hope  that  the  united  support  of  all  the 
I.  C.  chapters,  rallying  to  the  Mother  Chapter's  dying 
effort,  might  bring  about  better  feeling  and  peaceable 
adjustment  and  finally  win  a  victory  over  the  anti- 
fraternity  enemy,  supreme  authority  was  returned  to 
Monmouth,  and  the  loyal  support  of  all  her  members 
gave  her  renewed  courage  to  battle  for  her  life.  But  the 
opposition  had  grown  too  strong;  the  last  two  years  of 
her  life  were  years  of  bitter  struggle  and  disappointment, 
and  the  final  action  came  in  1884,  when  by  a  vote  of  the 
Monmouth  College  authorities,  all  fraternities  and  secret 
societies  were  forbidden,  and  the  I.  C.  members  scattered 
to  the  four  winds. 

The  Mt.  Pleasant  Chapter,  at  Iowa  Wesleyan  Uni- 
versity, now  Iowa  Alpha,  succeeded  the  Mother  Chapter 
in  holding  the  reins  of  supreme  power,  and  was  GRAND 
ALPHA  until  January,  1885. 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       77 

The  principal  mission  of  each  Convention,  outside  of 
routine  business  of  all  conventions,  had  been  confined 
to  receiving  chapter  reports  and  making  plans  for  exten- 
sion of  chapters  and  minor  reforms.  Nothing  of  great 
or  special  importance  had  been  enacted. 

In  November,  1884,  at  the  Convention  held  at  Iowa 
City,  the  election  of  general  officers  resulted  in  making 
Nell  Custer-Swisher,  of  Iowa  City,  Grand  President, 
Emma  Livingston-Wing,  of  Galesburg,  Grand  Secretary, 
and  Clara  Poehler-Smithmeyer,  Grand  Treasurer,  and 
these  names  stand  out  prominently  in  our  Fraternity's 
history  at  this  time  for  zeal,  wisdom  and  devotion  to  the 
interests  of  I.  C.  Sorosis. 

At  this  Convention  at  Iowa  City,  in  1884,  the  "  Plans 
for  Organization  "  presented  by  Cora  Panabaker,  of 
Iowa  Alpha,  at  the  Mt.  Pleasant  Convention  in  1882,  were 
adopted.  In  addition  to  the  general  organization,  with 
Grand  Alpha  at  the  head,  there  were  wise  and  radical 
changes.  Provisions  were  made  for  placing  the  govern- 
ing power,  during  the  interim  of  conventions  or  Grand 
Alphas,  in  the  hands  of  a  council  of  grand  officers,  to  be 
selected  by  convention  delegates  from  the  different  chap- 
ters; also  provisions  were  made  for  state  organizations, 
having  at  the  head  of  each  organization  one  chapter,  to 
be  called  Alpha  Secunda  of  that  state.  Alpha  Secunda 
was  given  power  to  grant  charters  and  to  call  state 
conventions  within  its  own  state.  The  General  Conven- 
tion, or  Grand  Alpha,  decided  which  chapter  should  be 
Alpha  Secunda.  Only  Alpha  Grand  had  power  to  call 
conventions  (Grand  Alphas).  It  was  the  duty  of  Alpha 
Grand  to  keep  a  register  of  all  members,  to  issue  a 


78  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

catalogue,  when  practicable,  to  manage  the  finances  of 
the  Fraternity,  and  it  was  given  authority  to  publish  a 
Fraternity  magazine  in  the  interest  of  all  the  Fraternity. 
These  changes  went  into  effect  on  January  1,  1885.  This 
Convention  of  1884  elected  the  first  grand  officers  to 
serve  during  the  interim  of  conventions,  and  these  officers 
were  elected  from  the  different  chapters,  and  not  confined 
to  Alpha  Grand  or  any  one  chapter  as  heretofore.  These 
officers  consisted  of  Grand  Illustra  Regina  (G.  I.  R.), 
Grand  Illustra  Secunda  (G.  I.  S.),  Grand  Quaestor  and 
Grand  Scribe. 

The  government  was  now  vested  in  a  biennial  con- 
vention, composed  of  one  delegate  from  each  active  chap- 
ter, and  during  the  interim  of  conventions,  in  a  Grand 
Council,  as  at  the  present  time. 

These  changes  marked  a  long  stride  toward  placing 
the  organization  on  a  sounder  and  more  logical  working 
basis.  The  whole  Fraternity  pulled  together  as  one  and 
the  enthusiastic  records  of  those  days  show  the  wonderful 
spirit  of  union  and  sympathy,  of  charming  sisterly  love 
and  devotion  to  each  other  and  the  ideals  and  interests 
of  I.  C. 

It  seemed  wise  and  necessary  to  hold  another  con- 
vention the  following  year,  and  again  the  Fraternity 
showed  herself  far  beyond  the  experimental  age  of  ex- 
istence. This  Convention  was  held  in  Lawrence,  Kansas, 
in  November,  1885,  and  marks  the  greatest  event  in  the 
I.  C.  Sorosis.  At  this  Convention,  it  was  voted  "  that  no 
chapter  shall  exist  unless  situated  in  a  university  or 
college. "  At  this  Convention  also,  our  Greek  motto,  Pi 
Beta  Phi,  in  the  Greek  lettering,  was  voted  put  on  the 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       79 

Arrow,  our  badge.  The  Convention  was  a  short  one,  and 
all  other  business  was  overshadowed  by  the  importance 
of  these  two  acts  of  legislation. 

In  1886  was  held  the  regular  biennial  convention  at 
Indianola,  Iowa.  These  were  days  of  great  activity,  un- 
feigned loyalty  and  devotion  for  our  Fraternity.  In 
fact,  all  fraternities  were  mustering  their  forces  to  fight 
for  their  existence,  for  a  sentiment  against  secret  orders 
swept  the  country,  and  especially  the  institutions  of 
learning. 

It  is  impossible  to  recount  the  happenings  of  this 
critical  time  without  mentioning  the  untiring  efforts  of 
such  strong  characters  as  Mrs.  Rainie  Adamson-Small,  of 
Illinois  Beta,  (Lombard),  Grand  President  from  1885 
to  1890,  Elva  Plank,  of  Iowa  Epsilon,  Bloomfield, 
Grand  Vice-President,  and  Mrs.  Belle  ReQua-Leech,  of 
Mt.  Pleasant,  the  indefatigable  Grand  Secretary.  Their 
labors  at  a  critical  time  in  the  life  of  the  Fraternity 
should  never  be  forgotten,  and  their  example  should  be 
an  inspiration  for  the  younger  women  to  emulate. 

For  a  number  of  years  the  changing  of  the  name 
of  I.  C.  Sorosis  to  the  Greek  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity 
had  been  under  discussion  in  conventions,  but  not  until 
the  Ottumwa  Convention  in  October,  1888,  was  the  senti- 
ment in  favor  of  this  change  strong  enough  to  carry  the 
question.  ' '  Whatever  may  have  been  the  theories  of  our 
Founders  in  regard  to  the  Greek  feature  of  our  sister- 
hood, there  had  come  to  be  a  very  strong  conviction 
in  the  minds  of  the  majority  of  the  members  pres- 
ent that  it  should  no  longer  be  sub  rose."  By  a  mo- 
tion made  by  Mira  Troth,  of  Iowa  Kappa,  Iowa  City, 


80  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

and  seconded  by  Minnie  K.  Newby-Rieketts,  of  Michigan 
Beta,  and  a  unanimous  vote  of  the  Convention,  the  old 
I.  C.  Sorosis,  dear  to  the  hearts  of  hundreds  of  loyal  and 
devoted  followers,  stepped  into  the  Greek  world  as  Pi 
Beta  Phi,  but  under  the  same  badge,  the  Arrow,  the 
same  Constitution,  the  same  motto,  and  the  same  ritual 
and  workings.  The  Greek  IIB<I>  had  exchanged  places 
with  the  Latin  I.  C.,  taking  its  place  upon  our  pin,  while 
I.  C.  had  become  the  symbol  for  our  secret  motto.  ' '  The 
vote  to  change  the  name  from  I.  C.  to  Pi  Beta  Phi  was 
the  result  of  years  of  agitation,  so  tenaciously  did  some 
of  the  older  members  cling  to  the  original  name,  feeling 
that  with  the  name  went  some  of  the  dearest  memo- 
ries." 

"  In  accordance  with  a  decision  of  this  Convention  of 
1888,  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity  was  incorporated  as  a 
national  organization  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature  of  the 
State  of  Illinois,  passed  October  14,  1889,"  giving  us  a 
legal  status  not  previously  enjoyed. 

When  Grand  Alpha,  or  the  General  Convention,  was 
called  to  order  in  April,  1890,  at  Galesburg,  Illinois, 
nineteen  chapters  were  on  the  rolls  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fra- 
ternity, representing  chapters  in  nine  states,  and  with 
the  establishment  of  Vermont  Alpha,  in  December,  1893, 
Pi  Beta  Phi  swayed  an  influence  in  the  Pan-Hellenic 
world  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  and  from  the 
Canadian  border  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  She  had  become 
national  in  fact  as  well  as  in  name.  To  the  Grand  Officers 
were  added  Guide  and  Historian,  and  the  names  of  all 
officers  were  changed  to  the  familiar  ones  of  to-day, 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       81 

grand  president,  grand  vice-president,  grand  secretary 
and  grand  treasurer.  The  Grand  Council  was  composed 
of  all  the  Grand  Officers  except  Historian.  A  province 
organization  was  effected,  and  quickly  initiated  valuable 
work  for  the  betterment  of  the  national  organization 
and  government  of  the  Fraternity.  The  United  States 
was  divided  into  four  provinces,  Alpha,  Beta,  Gamma 
and  Delta,  to  which  were  divided  and  assigned  the 
active  chapters,  reporting  through  an  elected  secretary. 
A  province  president  had  general  supervision  over  the 
chapters  within  her  jurisdiction  or  province.  The  legis- 
lative and  supreme  power  were  vested  in  a  biennial  con- 
vention. It  was  voted,  however,  "  that  important  ques- 
tions, that  demand  immediate  decision,  might  receive 
attention,  during  the  interim  of  convention,  through 
the  Grand  Council,  composed  of  the  president,  vice- 
president,  secretary,  treasurer  and  guide,  who  were  given 
power  to  act,  which  acts  would  be  ratified  by  the  follow- 
ing convention." 

The  Convention  was  composed  of  the  Grand  Council, 
province  presidents,  one  delegate  from  each  chapter,  the 
Historian,  the  Fraternity  Cataloguer,  one  delegate  from 
the  Alumnge  Department,  such  delegate  to  be  the  Arrow 
editor,  when  possible,  and  such  other  members  as  the 
Fraternity  might  decide.  Pi  Beta  Phi  had  now  blos- 
somed into  full  womanhood,  and  the  result  of  her 
maturity  was  forcibly  shown  by  the  number  of  new 
chapters  which  came  into  existence,  by  the  material 
enlargement  of  the  Fraternity  magazine,  the  Arrow, 
with  its  broader  thought  and  weightier  reading  matter, 
and  by  the  large  number  of  intellectually  strong  women 


82  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

who  rose  in  her  ranks  and  stood  out  as  leaders  in  thought 
and  reform.  We  are  proud  of  these  women  to-day,  many 
of  whom  have  won  international  fame. 

In  1892,  it  was  found  necessary  to  refer  matters  of 
extension  to  an  Extension  Committee,  serving  from  con- 
vention to  convention,  and  the  following  year  a  Literary 
Bureau  was  established  for  disseminating  and  elucidating 
important  matters  of  the  Fraternity,  and  representa- 
tives from  these  committees  were  allowed  votes  in  con- 
vention. 

In  1893,  when  the  whole  country  was  interested  in 
celebrating  the  anniversary  of  the  discovery  of  America, 
and  the  World 's  Columbian  Exposition  was  held  in 
Chicago,  July  17  to  22  was  designated  as  Fraternity 
Week  upon  the  World's  Fair  Calendar.  Many  fraterni- 
ties held  conventions  and  reunions.  A  second  meeting 
of  the  Woman's  Pan-Hellenic  Congress  convened  on  July 
20,  at  the  Art  Institute,  Chicago,  where  Pi  Beta  Phi  was 
represented  by  Mrs.  Gertrude  Boughton-Blackwelder,  of 
Kansas  Alpha,  with  a  paper  on  "  Ethics  of  Fraternity," 
which  was  widely  quoted  and  reprinted  in  full  by  sev- 
eral of  the  fraternity  magazines.  In  the  evening  of  July 
20  a  Pan-Hellenic  reception  was  held  in  the  New  York 
State  Building.  Pi  Beta  Phi  had  the  largest  representa- 
tion at  this  time  of  any  woman's  fraternity,  including 
among  those  present  many  of  her  best  known  mem- 
bers. 

The  one  monumental  result  of  the  Convention  of 
1893  in  Chicago  was  the  organization  of  the  National 
Alumna?  Association.  This  was  the  result  of  that  strong- 
willed,  indefatigable  worker  and  wise  and  far-seeing 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       83 

organizer,  Emma  Harper  Turner,  and  to  her  is  due  all 
the  praise  and  thanks  of  the  Fraternity  for  this  strong 
bulwark  of  our  national  power.  The  Alumnae  Asso- 
ciation elected  its  own  officers  from  1893  until  1901, 
when  the  Grand  Vice-President  became  president  of  the 
Alumnae  Association,  and  one  half -day  of  each  general 
convention  was  voted  to  be  given  to  alumnae  matters. 

In  1895  the  Boston  Convention  authorized  province 
reunions,  or  conventions,  to  be  held  in  the  years  be- 
tween general  conventions,  and  in  1899,  at  the  Boulder 
Convention,  it  was  voted  to  elect  a  travelling  delegate 
who  should  visit  every  chapter  on  the  active  list  of  the 
Fraternity  during  the  interim  of  conventions.  This 
delegate  was  to  be  the  Grand  President  when  possible, 
but  when  not  possible  the  Grand  Council  had  power  to 
appoint  a  travelling  delegate.  This  ruling  holds  good 
to-day. 

At  this  time  the  office  of  Guide  was  supplanted  on 
the  Grand  Council  by  that  of  Arrow  Editor,  and  the 
former  became  purely  a  convention  officer,  appointed  by 
the  Grand  President  from  the  chapter  nearest  the  next 
convention  site. 

At  the  Syracuse  Convention,  in  July,  1901,  the 
National  Alumnaa  Association  became  a  part  of  the 
National  Fraternity  organization,  and  the  duties  of  the 
Grand  Vice-President  were  made  to  include  those  of 
secretary  of  the  Alumnae  Association,  and  she  was  made 
the  head  of  the  Alumnae  Department,  with  a  salary. 
She  was  nominated  by  the  alumnae  at  their  session  in  the 
general  convention  and  elected  by  the  general  conven- 
tion's vote.  Each  chapter  vice-president  also  became 


84  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

chapter  secretary  to  the  Alumnae  Department  and  was 
intrusted  with  definite  duties. 

It  was  at  this  Convention  at  Syracuse,  in  1901,  that 
the  name  of  the  General  Convention  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  was 
changed  to  the  National  Biennial  Convention. 

To  prevent  the  improper  use  of  the  badge,  in  1901 
Pi  Beta  Phi  made  adequate  provision  for  the  purchase 
of  Fraternity  badges,  in  the  case  of  the  death  of  her 
members,  when  the  badge  is  not  buried  with  the  owner, 
•and  all  Pi  Phis  are  forbidden  to  sell,  give  or  loan  her 
Tmdge  to  any  person  not  a  Pi  Phi.  This  was  augmented 
in  1914  by  the  appointment  of  a  Custodian  of  the  Pin. 

Annual  efficiency  reports,  through  the  province  presi- 
dents, with  annual  examinations  of  all  active  members 
upon  the  Constitution,  Statutes,  history,  policy  and  on 
parliamentary  law,  have  become  an  important  factor  in 
the  education  of  our  members  in  the  responsibilities  and 
duties  of  Pi  Phis,  and  province  vice-presidents,  with 
jurisdiction  over  territory  the  same  as  the  province 
presidents,  develop  and  manage  the  alumnae  interests 
.and  business  of  its  members. 

At  the  reorganization  and  redistricting  of  the  provinces 
in  1912,  the  country  was  divided  into  six  provinces,  with 
.six  province  presidents  over  the  active  chapters  and  six 
province  vice-presidents  over  the  alumnae,  and  in  June, 
1913,  to  this  supervision  was  added  the  Chapter  Advi- 
sory Committee,  which  is  composed  of  five  (5)  members 
from  the  nearest  alumnae  club,  three  of  the  members  be- 
ing elected  by  the  active  chapter  and  two  by  the  alumnae 
club,  "  whose  duties  shall  be  to  cooperate  with  the 
province  presidents  and  active  chapters  in  supervising 


ORGANIZATION    AND    GOVERNMENT       85 

(1)    scholarship,    (2)    house  management,    (3)    general 
social  conditions  and  (4)  Pan-Hellenic  situations." 

The  Fraternity  believes,  with  Florence  Porter  Robin- 
son, that  "  the  real  strength  of  a  fraternity  is  in  the 
strength  of  its  individual  chapters." 


"  The  only  way  to  have  a  friend  is  to  be  one.'9 — 
EMERSON. 


CHAPTER   VI 

NATIONAL   CONVENTIONS 

FIRST  GRAND  ALPHA,  or  Convention,  was  held  in  Au- 
gust, 1868,  at  the  home  of  Fannie  Thompson,  in 
Oquawka,  Illinois.  There  are  no  minutes,  or  record  of 
this  meeting,  save  the  memory  of  the  living  Founders. 
In  the  July,  1898,  Arrow,  Emma  Brownlee  (Kilgore) 
has  told  us  that  "  In  the  summer  of  1868,  the  Mon- 
mouth  I.  C.'s  came  to  our  house  in  Little  York  to  visit 
Jennie  Nicol  and  the  Brownlee  sisters.  From  there  we 
went  to  Fannie  Thompson's,  at  Oquawka,  and  were  met 
by  Ada  Bruen  (Graham)  and  Libbie  Brook  (Gaddis). 
We  Founders  have  always  felt  that  this  was  our  first 
.convention.  Every  member  was  present  except  Rosa 
Moore  (who  was  in  New  York).  The  Convention  lasted 
three  days  and  was  occupied  in  outlining  the  policy  and 
aims  of  the  organization,  laying  plans  for  new  chapters 
.and  the  growth  of  I.  C.  Sorosis.  It  was  voted  to  confine 
membership  to  college  women  only."  Emma  Brownlee 
(Kilgore)  was  elected  president,  Nannie  Black  (Wal- 
lace) secretary,  and  Maggie  Campbell  treasurer.  (See 
Arrow,  April,  1908.) 

Second  Grand  Alpha,  or  Convention,  was  held  in  1870 
at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Libbie  Brook  (Gaddis)  presiding. 
Three  chapters  were  active  and  represented;  namely, 
Monmouth  College,  (2)  Iowa  Wesleyan  University 
89 


90  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

and  (3)  Mt.  Pleasant  Female  Seminary.  Constitution 
amendments  and  extension  were  the  principal  business 
transacted.  As  a  result  of  this  meeting  the  new  chap- 
ter at  Asbury  University,  Greencastle,  Indiana,  was 
organized  by  Kate  F.  Preston  and  chartered  the  follow- 
ing September. 

Third  Grand  Alpha,  or  Convention,  Greencastle,  In- 
diana, in  June,  1872.  Louise  Carrithers  (Morrison),  of 
Monmouth,  was  chosen  president,  and  Mary  Sterritt, 
secretary,  of  the  Convention.  Louise  Carrithers  was 
elected  Grand  President  and  Emma  Madden  Grand  Sec- 
retary of  the  Sorosis.  Five  chapters,  (1)  Monmouth, 
(2)  Iowa  Wesleyan,  (3)  Asbury,  (4)  Illinois  Wes- 
leyan,  (5)  State  Institute,  Bloomington,  Ind.,  were  ac- 
tive, Mt.  Pleasant  Female  Seminary  and  the  Baptist 
Young  Ladies'  Seminary  having  become  inactive  the 
previous  year  through  opposition  to  secret  societies  on 
the  part  of  the  school  authorities.  Three  of  the  five 
active  chapters  sent  delegates  to  this  Convention.  Ex- 
pansion was  the  principal  topic  under  discussion,  and 
when  the  question  "  In  what  grade  of  schools  shall 
chapters  be  established?  "  was  put  before  the  Conven- 
tion, it  was  answered  by  the  vote  "  to  establish  no  chap- 
ters in  schools  not  properly  called  a  college/* 

The  social  side  of  convention  included  a  reception  with 
one  hundred  and  fifty  guests,  and  a  banquet. 

Fourth  Grand  Alpha,  or  Convention,  at  Indianola, 
Iowa,  in  1878.  Emma  Patton  (Noble),  of  Iowa  Beta, 
presided.  Seven  chapters  were  now  active,  (1)  Mon- 
mouth, (2)  Iowa  "Wesleyan  University,  (3)  State  Insti- 
tute, Bloomington,  (4)  Lombard,  (5)  Kansas  Univer- 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  91 

sity,  (6)  Simpson  and  (7)  Iowa  Agricultural  College, 
but  owing  to  a  misunderstanding,  only  three  chapters 
(Monmouth,  Mt.  Pleasant  and  Simpson)  were  repre- 
sented, which  failed  to  make  a  quorum,  and  while  im- 
portant legislation  was  discussed  and  changes  in  the 
Constitution  recommended,  no  permanent  benefit  was 
derived  from  the  Convention.  A  reception  and  banquet, 
at  which  Emma  Patton  was  toastmistress,  attended  by 
over  a  hundred  guests,  was  one  of  the  social  features  of 
the  Convention. 

Fifth  Grand  Alpha,  or  Convention,  was  held  at  Mt. 
Pleasant,  Iowa,  on  October  27,  28  and  29,  1880.  Lillie 
Cooper  (Weber),  of  Monmouth,  was  chosen  presiding 
officer,  and  lola  Hoover  (Loftin)  and  Laura  Light 
(Vance),  both  of  Monmouth,  were  chosen  secretaries, 
Miss  Hoover  acting  as  secretary  at  the  opening  session 
only.  The  following  represented  their  chapters:  — 
Elma  Williams,  from  Lombard,  Mary  Dashiell  (Spauld- 
ing),  from  Simpson;  Sophie  Timmerman,  from  Iowa 
Wesleyan,  Mary  McDonald  (Kappa),  from  Ames;  and 
Belle  ReQua-Leech,  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  in  place  of  Florence 
Andrews-Palm,  who  was  unavoidably  absent.  Mon- 
mouth and  Kansas  State  University  were  not  repre- 
sented; the  latter  sent  greetings  and  regrets.  The 
greater  part  of  this  session  was  given  to  Constitution  re- 
vision. A  complete  and  careful  revision,  as  worked  out 
at  the  Indianola  Convention  and  added  to  at  this  meet- 
ing, was  adopted  at  the  last  session.  The  Lombard 
Chapter  was  directed  ' '  to  work  up  an  interest  in  regard 
to  an  I.  C.  catalogue. "  The  names  of  the  general  of- 
ficers were  changed  to  Illustra  Regina,  Regina  Secunda, 


92  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

scribe,  treasurer,  censors  and  corresponding  scribes. 
The  waning  power  and  strength  of  Monmouth,  the 
Mother  Chapter,  was  shown  in  the  Convention  by  her 
failure  to  have  a  delegate  present,  and  the  legislation 
"  that  we  transfer  the  power  of  Alpha  Chapter  to  some 
other  chapter,  more  prosperous,  and  therefore  more  fit- 
ting to  perform  those  duties. ' '  The  vote  stood :  — 
Simpson  7,  Mt.  Pleasant  3,  Lombard  2,  and  Lambda 
Chapter,  at  Simpson  College,  Indianola,  was  declared 
Alpha  Grand,  or  the  ruling  chapter,  with  final  decision 
in  Fraternity  matters.  It  was  voted  to  give  all  active 
chapters  in  good  standing  three  delegates  each  with  a 
vote  in  convention. 

Sixth  Grand  Alpha,  or  Convention,  was  held  in  the 
lecture-room  of  the  First  M.  E.  Church,  Burlington, 
Iowa,  October  11,  12  and  13,  1882.  Nine  chapters  were 
represented  by  delegates  and  one  chapter  by  a  proxy. 
The  chapters  were  represented  by  the  following: —  (1) 
Burlington,  Iowa,  by  Minnie  Burt,  (2)  Iowa  City  by 
Ella  Ham  (Robinson),  (3)  Monmouth  by  Jessie  Buck- 
ner,  (4)  Mt.  Pleasant  by  Flora  Housel  (McDowell), 
(5)  Lawrence  by  Jennie  Sutliff,  (6)  Indianola  by  Anna 
Emerson,  (7)  Ames  by  Sarah  Smithe  (McDonald),  (8) 
Galesburg,  Lombard,  Izah  Parker,  (9)  Chicago,  Allie 
Silke,  and  (10)  Jacksonville,  111.,  Jessie  Buckner 
(proxy).  Clara  McCann  (Ewing),  the  delegate  of 
Bloomfield,  Iowa,  was  absent,  and  the  chapter  was  rep- 
resented by  Alice  Johnson.  Cora  Panabaker,  of  Mt. 
Pleasant,  was  chosen  president,  and  Celia  Hefter,  of  the 
Chicago  Chapter,  recording  secretary  of  the  Convention. 
Alpha  Secundas,  or  state  conventions,  were  authorized, 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  93 

with  power  to  grant  charters  within  the  state.  A  com- 
mittee composed  of  Izah  Parker,  Galesburg,  Flora 
Housel,  Mt.  Pleasant,  Jessie  Buckner,  Monmouth,  and 
Sarah  Smithe,  Ames,  were  appointed  to  revise  the  form 
of  initiation.  Voted,  "  that  the  Constitution  shall  be 
read  at  each  initiation;  "  that  the  secret  meaning  of 
I.  C.  "  shall  never  be  written  or  spoken  aloud;  "  voted, 
that  general  conventions  be  ' '  once  in  two  years ;  ' '  that 
"  we  adopt  dregs  of  wine  and  light  blue  "  as  the  Fra- 
ternity 's  colors ;  ' '  that  the  power  of  obtaining  and  dis- 
tributing pins  be  vested  in  Gamma  Chapter  at  Mt. 
Pleasant.'*  At  the  first  session  a  "  Plan  for  Organiza- 
tion "  was  presented  by  Cora  Panabaker,  of  Mt.  Pleas- 
ant, which  was  taken  up  article  by  article  and  voted 
upon,  and  final  decision  upon  the  whole  left  for  the  next 
Convention.  Voted,  that  Alpha  Chapter  (Monmouth) 
be  Grand  Alpha  Chapter;  that  Lombard  be  Alpha  Se- 
cunda  of  Illinois,  Lawrence  Chapter,  of  Kansas,  Mt. 
Pleasant  Chapter,  of  Iowa.  Greek  Motto  "  Pi  Beta 
Phi  "  adopted. 

Seventh  Grand  Alpha,  or  Convention,  was  held  in  the 
parlors  of  the  First  M.  E.  Church,  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  on 
November  19,  20  and  21,  1884.  Nell  Custer  (Swisher), 
of  Iowa  City,  was  elected  presiding  officer,  and  Elva 
Plank,  of  Bloomfield,  secretary.  The  following  were 
the  delegates  representing  their  chapters  in  this  Con- 
vention:—  Mary  Dillon  (Miller)  and  Jean  Oliver 
(Humphrey),  (1)  Lawrence;  Emma  Livingston 
(Wing)  and  Jennie  Conger,  (2)  Lombard;  Kay  Spen- 
cer, (3)  Burlington;  Mary  Hooker  (Doust),  (4) 
Carthage;  Martha  Greenleaf  (MacNab)  and  Elva 


94  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Plank,  (5)  Bloomfield;  Emma  White  (Shellenberger), 
Libbie  Evans  (Cravens)  and  Estella  Walter-Ball,  (6) 
Iowa  City;  Flora  Slusser  and  Anna  McLaughlin  (Bux- 
ton),  (7)  Indianola;  Anna  Saunders  (McArthur),  (8) 
Mt.  Pleasant,  and  Addie  Rice  (Hainer),  (9)  Ames. 
Revised  Constitution  was  accepted,  to  go  into  effect 
January  1,  1885;  general  officers  elected  at  Convention 
to  serve  during  interim  of  conventions,  Alpha  Chapter, 
or  Alpha  Grand,  having  ceased  to  exist  as  a  result  of 
Faculty  ruling  at  Monmouth;  Lawrence  requested  and 
was  granted  a  charter  for  Wesleyan  College,  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio;  committee  appointed  to  publish  quarterly 
Fraternity  magazine ;  arrangements  made  for  a  conven- 
tion fund  whereby  delegates  might  be  present  from  all 
chapters;  "  the  system  of  government  was  changed, 
the  power  hereafter  being  in  the  hands  of  a  council  of 
Grand  Officers  "  elected  by  the  delegates  at  Convention 
from  different  chapters.  The  first  election  of  these  of- 
ficers resulted  in  making  Nell  Custer  (S wisher),  Iowa 
Zeta,  Grand  Illustra  Regina,  Emma  Livingston  (Wing), 
Illinois  Beta,  Grand  Scribe,  Jean  Oliver  (Humphrey), 
Kansas  Alpha,  Grand  Quaestor.  (See  Arrow,  May, 
1885.) 

Eighth  Grand  Alpha  met  in  the  rooms  of  the  Art 
League,  Lawrence,  Kansas,  on  November  25,  26  and  27, 
1885.  In  the  absence  of  G.  I.  R.  Nell  Custer,  Eiva 
Plank,  of  Bloomfield,  was  elected  to  the  chair.  Roll 
call  showed  the  following: —  (1)  Indianola,  Ethel  Law 
(Turney)  ;  (2)  Lawrence  (alumnae),  Caroline  Beau- 
man-Spangler ;  (3)  Lawrence  K.  S.  U.,  Sue  Miles  (Kin- 
sey) ;  (4)  Iowa  City  Alumnae,  Mira  Troth;  (5)  Iowa 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  95 

City,  I.  S.  U.,  Lillian  Lewis;  (6)  Ottumwa  (associate), 
Lizzie  Flagler;  (7)  Carthage,  Julia  Ferris  (Hubbs)  ; 
(8)  Denver,  Mary  Carpenter  (Sadtler) ;  (9)  Mt. 
Pleasant,  Lulu  Ambler  (Officer) ;  (10)  Mt.  Pleasant 
(alumnae),  Jo  Gassner  (Gardner)  ;  (11)  Fairfield, 
Mrs.  W.  C.  Ball;  (12)  Bloomfield,  Florence  Hill  (Fire- 
stone) ;  (13)  Galesburg,  Lombard,  Rainie  Adamson 
(Small)  ;  (14)  Knox,  Carrie  McMurtrie  (Conyers)  ; 
(15)  Burlington,  Cora  Widick  (Lang)  ;  (16)  York, 
Vinnie  Harrison  (Cowell).  Voted,  "  that  no  chapter 
shall  exist  unless  situated  in  a  university  or  college;  " 
"  that  after  next  year  conventions  shall  be  called  only 
once  in  two  years;  "  "  that  the  Greek  motto  Pi  Beta 
Phi  be  put  on  the  title  page  of  the  Arrow."  The  elec- 
tion of  grand  officers  resulted  as  follows:  —  G.  I.  R., 
Rainie  Adamson  (Small),  of  Lombard  University;  G. 
R.  S.,  Elva  Plank,  of  Bloomfield,  Iowa;  G.  S.,  Belle 
ReQua-Leech,  of  Mt.  Pleasant;  G.  Q.,  Julia  Ferris 
(Hubbs),  of  Carthage. 

About  seventy-five  I.  C.'s  were  present  at  this  Con- 
vention, and  the  social  activities  included  invitations 
from  Beta  Theta  Pi,  also  Phi  Psi,  a  "cookie  shine/'  and 
serenades.  (See  Arrow,  February,  1886.) 

Ninth  Grand  Alpha  was  held  in  the  Delta  Tau  Delta 
Hall,  at  Indianola,  Iowa,  October  19,  20  and  21,  1886, 
G.  I.  R.  Rainie  Adamson-Small  presiding.  Present,  the 
following  delegates: — (1)  Kansas  State  University, 
Clara  Poehler  (Smithmyer) ;  (2)  Iowa  Wesleyan  Uni- 
versity, Flora  Housal  (McDowell) ;  (3)  Lawrence  Alum- 
nae, Laura  Lyon;  (4)  Simpson,  Leota  Kennedy;  (5) 
Ames,  Olive  Wilson  (Curtiss) ;  (6)  Iowa  City  Alumnae, 


96  PI    BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Belle  Hudson  (Cartwright) ;  (7)  Bloomfield,  Fannie 
Thompson  (Wickham)  ;  (8)  Lombard,  Ella  Grubb 
(Simmons)  ;  (9)  Knox,  Maude  Smith  (Boydstun)  ; 
(10)  Boulder,  Carrie  Dorr  (Elliott) ;  (11)  Iowa  City, 
Minnie  Ely  (Farr)  ;  (12)  York,  Mrs.  Helen  Harrison; 
(13)  Ottumwa,  Mrs.  Lizzie  Warden;  (14)  Des  Moines, 
Mrs.  Martha  Wilson.  Voted,  "  that  we  adopt  Roberts' 
Rules  of  Order;  "  "  the  Arrow  representative  be  al- 
lowed the  same  privileges  and  rights  as  the  other  dele- 
gates; "  "  to  name  chapters  by  the  letters  of  the  Greek 
alphabet  and  by  states,  as  Iowa  Alpha,  Iowa  Beta, 
etc. ;  ' '  1 1  that  we  do  not  organize  any  more  alumnae 
chapters;  "  "  that  all  alumnae  (and  associate)  chapters 
founded  before  October  20,  1886,  shall  be  allowed  to 
exist,  but  that  they  confine  themselves,  when  taking  new 
members,  to  graduates  of  colleges  and  high  schools;  " 
"  that  the  subscription  of  the  Arrow  be  limited  to  one 
dollar;  "  li  that  power  of  granting  charters  be  vested 
in  the  three  grand  officers,  G.  I.  R.,  G.  R.  S.  and  G.  S." 
Election  of  officers  resulted  in  making :  —  G.  I.  R., 
Rainie  Adamson-Small,  of  Lombard  College;  G.  R.  S., 
Elva  Plank,  of  Bloomfield;  G.  S.,  Belle  ReQua-Leech, 
of  Mt.  Pleasant;  G.  Q.,  Lizzie  Flagler,  of  Ottumwa. 

Greetings  were  received  from  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma, 
from  Phi  Delta  Theta,  in  general  convention  in  New 
York,  flowers  from  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  "an  elegant  recep- 
tion at  the  home  of  Miss  Ethel  Law,"  and  a  banquet  at 
the  home  of  Anna  McLaughlin.  (See  Arrow,  December, 
1886.) 

Tenth  Grand  Alpha  met  in  the  Ottumwa  Chapter  Hall, 
Ottumwa,  Iowa,  October  16,  17  and  18,  1888,  G.  I.  R. 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  97 

Kainie  Adamson-Small  presiding.  The  following  nine- 
teen chapters  were  represented :  —  Illinois  Beta  at  Lom- 
bard, Illinois  Delta  at  Knox,  Iowa  Alpha  at  Iowa  Wes- 
leyan  University,  Iowa  Beta  at  Simpson,  Iowa  Gamma 
at  Ames,  Iowa  Delta  at  Burlington,  Iowa  Epsilon  at 
Bloomfield,  Iowa  Zeta  at  Iowa  State  University,  Iowa 
Eta  at  Fairfield,  Iowa  Theta  at  Ottumwa,  Iowa  Iota  at 
Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa  Kappa  at  Iowa  City,  Kansas  Alpha 
at  Lawrence,  Colorado  Alpha  at  Boulder,  Colorado  Beta 
at  Denver,  Michigan  Alpha  at  Hillsdale  College,  Michi- 
gan Beta  at  Ann  Arbor,  Indiana  Alpha  at  Franklin,  and 
Nebraska  Alpha  at  York.  Voted,  "  that  the  name  of 
this  organization  be  changed,  and  that  the  organization 
be  hereafter  known  as  Pi  Beta  Phi ;  "  "  that  the  letters 
I.  C.  hereafter  stand  for  our  present  motto;  "  "  that  Pi 
Beta  Phi  take  the  place  of  I.  C.  on  our  pin ;  "  "  that  our 
present  G.  R.  S.,Emma  Harper  Turner  and  Sude  Weaver 
(Evans)  act  as  a  committee  of  three  to  incorporate  our 
Pi  Beta  Phi  as  a  national  organization."  After  a  two- 
session  committee-of-the-whole  discussion  of  the  Consti- 
tution, upon  vote,  a  committee  of  three  (Indiana  Alpha, 
Iowa  Alpha  and  Iowa  Zeta)  was  appointed  to  incorpor- 
ate the  revisions  and  amendments  of  the  Constitution  as 
recommended  during  the  interim  of  convention,  and  re- 
port at  the  next  regular  convention.  The  election  of  offi- 
cers resulted  as  follows :  —  G.  I.  R.,  Rainie  Adamson- 
Small,  Illinois  Beta;  G.  R.  S.,  Emma  Harper  Turner, 
Indiana  Alpha;  G.  S.,  Lizzie  Flagler,  Iowa  Theta;  G. 
Q.,  Elva  Plank,  of  Bloomfield.  This  Convention  ad- 
journed at  2  o'clock  A.  M.  It  stands  on  record  as  being 
the  most  spirited  convention  in  the  history  of  the  Fra- 


98  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

ternity,  and  the  harmonious  way  in  which  most  matters 
were  settled  was  due  to  the  business  ability  and  untiring 
zeal  of  Grand  President  Rainie  Small,  which  was  re- 
flected in  the  enthusiasm  of  every  delegate. 

A  grand  ball  in  Armory  Hall,  attended  by  ninety  Pi 
Phis  and  an  equal  number  of  guests,  ended  the  festivi- 
ties of  the  Tenth  Grand  Alpha.  (See  Arrow,  December, 
1888.) 

Eleventh  Grand  Alpha  was  held  in  the  Phi  Gamma 
Delta  Hall,  Galesburg,  Illinois,  on  April  1,  2,  3  and  4, 
1890.  In  the  absence  of  G.  I.  R.  Mrs.  Small,  the  G.  R.  S. 
Emma  Harper  Turner  presided.  Reports  were  received 
from  (1)  Iowa  Alpha,  (2)  Illinois  Beta,  (3)  Kansas 
Alpha,  (4)  Iowa  Beta,  (5)  Iowa  Gamma,  (6)  Iowa 
Epsilon  (Bloomfield),  (7)  Iowa  Zeta,  (8)  Iowa  Kappa 
(Iowa  City  Alumnae),  (9)  Colorado  Alpha,  (10)  Iowa 
Theta  (Ottumwa),  (11)  Illinois  Delta,  (12)  Iowa  Iota 
(Mt.  Pleasant  Alumnae),  (13)  Nebraska  Alpha  (York), 
(14)  Colorado  Beta,  (15)  Michigan  Alpha,  (16)  Indiana 
Alpha,  (17)  Michigan  Beta,  (18)  Columbia  Alpha,  (19) 
Ohio  Alpha  —  fourteen  active  and  five  alumnae  and  as- 
sociate chapters.  The  Constitution,  as  perfected  during 
the  interim  of  conventions  by  Indiana  Alpha,  Iowa 
Alpha  and  Iowa  Zeta,  was  adopted  and  ordered  printed. 
It  included  a  new  initiation  ceremony,  a  new  ritual  and 
a  province  organization.  The  carnation  was  adopted  as 
the  Fraternity  flower,  Pallas  Athenae  as  the  Fraternity 
goddess,  and  the  present  Pi  Phi  whistle.  Election  of 
Grand  Officers  resulted  in  making  Emma  Harper  Turner, 
Grand  President;  Minnie  H.  Newby  (Ricketts),  Grand 
Vice-President ;  Sude  Weaver  (Evans),  of  Bloomfield, 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  99 

Grand  Secretary;  Georgiana  Rowland,  of  Colorado 
Alpha,  Grand  Treasurer;  Mrs.  R.  A.  Small,  Grand  His- 
torian; and  Helen  Sutliff,  of  Kansas  Alpha,  Guide. 
Upon  the  recommendation  of  the  committee  on  province 
organization  the  following  were  elected :  —  Alpha  Prov- 
ince, Franc  Arnold  (Chaddock) ,  of  Michigan  Beta ;  Beta 
Province,  Lizzie  Wigle  (Anderson),  of  Illinois  Beta; 
Gamma  Province,  Zoe  Williams  (Seevers),  of  Iowa  Zeta; 
Delta  Province,  Ida  Winne-Ballantine,  of  Colorado  Beta. 
The  social  activities  included  an  informal  reception  to 
delegates ;  literary  exercises  in  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
at  which  Mrs.  Carrie  Chapman-Catt  delivered  an  ad- 
dress upon  "  The  New  Revolution;  "  a  banquet  for 
eighty-five,  followed  by  dancing;  a  "  cookie  shine ;"  a 
reception  by  Phi  Delta  Thetas ;  reception  by  Beta  Theta 
Pi  and  Pi  Gamma  Phis;  and  a  farewell  reception  by 
Illinois  Beta  and  Illinois  Delta  in  Odd  Fellows  Hall,  at 
which  over  seven  hundred  were  present.  (See  Arrow, 
June,  1890.) 

Twelfth  Grand  Alpha  convened  in  the  Phi  Delta 
Theta  Hall,  at  Lawrence,  Kansas,  on  March  29,  30  and 
31,  1892,  Grand  President  Emma  Harper  Turner  pre- 
siding. Twenty  of  the  twenty-one  active  chapters  rep- 
resented. Louisiana  Alpha  was  not  represented  because 
of  her  inability  to  find  a  chaperone  who  would  take  the 
long  trip.  In  the  absence  of  Sude  Weaver,  Grand  Secre- 
tary, Minnie  Newby  (Ricketts)  was  appointed  secretary 
of  the  Convention.  Publication  of  Arrow  went  to  Michi- 
gan Beta.  Reports  of  the  first  Province  Presidents 
' '  showed  the  chapters  to  be  in  splendid  condition  and  a 
beginning  made  toward  systematic  province  supervision." 


100  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

The  following  working  committees  were  appointed :  — 
(1)  on  Constitution,  (2)  on  Catalogue,  (3)  on  Alumnae, 
(4)  Arrow,  (5)  auditing  treasurer's  report,  (16)  audit- 
ing Arrow  report,  (7)  printing,  (8)  resolutions,  (9) 
chapter  houses,  (10)  literary  bureau,  (11)  miscellane- 
ous. A  general  Alumnae  Secretary  authorized  to  have 
supervision  of  alumnae  work.  Voted,  that  "  the  28th  of 
April  shall  be  known  as  Alumnae  Day  and  shall  cele- 
brate the  founding  of  Pi  Beta  Phi."  The  Fraternity 
yell,  "Ring  ching  ching,  ho  hippi  hi,  ra  ro  Arrow,  Pi 
Beta  Phi,"  adopted.  Voted,  that  Fraternity  take  the 
place  of  Sorosis  in  name.  Election  of  officers  resulted 
in  making  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Grand  President; 
Mira  Troth,  Iowa  Kappa,  Grand  Vice-President ;  Minnie 
Newby  (Ricketts),  Michigan  Beta,  Grand  Secretary; 
Helen  Sutliff,  of  Kansas  Alpha,  Grand  Treasurer ;  Fran- 
ces E.  Flagler,  Iowa  Theta,  Grand  Guide ;  May  Copeland 
(Reynolds-Drybread),  Michigan  Alpha,  Grand  Histo- 
rian ;  Mrs.  H.  Knapp,  Iowa  Gamma,  Alumnae  Secretary ; 
Corinne  Super  (Stine),  Ohio  Alpha,  Catalogue  Sec- 
retary ;  Province  Presidents :  —  Alpha,  Franc  Arnold 
(Chaddock),  of  Michigan  Beta;  Beta,  Grace  E.  Harsh, 
of  Illinois  Beta;  Gamma,  Fannie  Rutherford  (Stanton), 
of  Minnesota  Alpha;  Delta,  Emma  Sternberg,  of  Col- 
orado Alpha.  The  organization  of  an  alumnae  associa- 
tion was  first  discussed  in  convention.  The  social  func- 
tions of  convention  included  an  informal  reception  by 
Kansas  Alpha  the  first  day,  banquet  at  Weidmann's  the 
second  day,  a  formal  reception  and  dance  by  Kansas 
Alpha  the  third  day,  and  a  reception  and  banquet,  at 
which  one  hundred  and  thirty  guests  were  present,  the 
last  day.  (See  Arrow,  March,  1892.) 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  101 

Thirteenth  Grand  Alpha  met  in  the  Isabella  Club,  Chi- 
cago, Illinois,  July  17,  18,  19,  20  and  21,  1893,  Emma 
Harper  Turner,  Grand  President,  presiding.  Nineteen 
delegates  present,  Iowa  Zeta  and  Iowa  Kappa  not  rep- 
resented by  delegate,  but  reports  read ;  total  active  chap- 
ters, twenty-one.  Committees  reported  new  printed 
Constitutions,  Song  Books,  and  initiation  rituals. 
Adopted  ritual  for  Alumnae  Clubs.  Ratified  formation 
of  the  National  Alumnae  Association  of  Pi  Beta  Phi, 
with  the  following  officers:  —  President,  Emma  Harper 
Turner,  of  Columbia  Alpha;  Vice-President,  Mrs. 
Laurie  Light- Vance,  of  Iowa  Alpha;  Treasurer,  Ona  H. 
Payne  (Newsom),  of  Indiana  Alpha;  Secretary,  Effie 
June  Scott  (Franklin),  of  Kansas  Alpha;  Guide,  Dr. 
Phoebe  R.  Norris,  of  Columbia  Alpha ;  Historian,  Minnie 
H.  Newby  (Ricketts)  of  Michigan  Beta.  Provinces  were 
redistricted  with  a  view  to  holding  province  conventions. 
The  following  Grand  Officers  were  elected :  —  Grand 
President,  Helen  B.  Sutliff,  Kansas  Alpha ;  Grand  Vice- 
President,  Corinne  Super-Stine,  Ohio  Alpha ;  Grand  Sec- 
retary, Grace  Lass  (Sisson),  Illinois  Delta;  Grand 
Treasurer,  Lucinda  Smith  (Buchan),  of  Kansas  Alpha; 
Grand  Historian,  Olive  McHenry,  Iowa  Alpha;  Grand 
Guide,  Edna  A.  Clark,  Columbia  Alpha ;  Province  Presi- 
dents :  —  Alpha,  Anna  Hazelton,  Columbia  Alpha ;  Beta, 
Louise  Hulbert  (Wyant),  of  Michigan  Beta;  Gamma, 
Minnie  Roberts,  of  Iowa  Gamma ;  Delta,  Elizabeth  Gam- 
ble, of  Colorado  Alpha;  Catalogue  Secretary,  Mary 
Clarke  Bancker,  of  Michigan  Beta.  First  informal  re- 
ception in  parlors  of  Isabella  Hotel;  Second  Pan-Hel- 
lenic Congress  held  July  20,  at  Art  Institute;  Pi  Beta 
Phi  was  associated  with  Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  Delta 


102  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Gamma,  Gamma  Phi  Beta  and  Delta  Delta  Delta  in  a 
Fraternity  Booth  in  Woman 's  Building.  ' '  A  convention 
notable  for  its  reunions."  (See  Arrow,  July,  1893.) 

Fourteenth  Convention  was  held  in  the  Y.  W.  C.  A. 
Hall,  68  Warrenton  Ave.,  Boston,  Mass.,  on  August  27, 
28  and  29,  1895,  the  Grand  President,  Helen  Sutliff, 
presiding.  Delegates  were  present  from  twenty-four 
chapters ;  one  chapter,  Callanan  College,  not  represented 
by  delegate.  Voted,  ' '  that  the  name  Convention  be  used 
instead  of  Grand  Alpha;  "  "  that  chapters  be  required 
to  preserve  an  Arrow  file;  "  "  that  the  Grand  Viee- 
President  be  keeper  of  the  permanent  roll  of  the  Fra- 
ternity, and  that  chapter  vice-presidents  act  in  the  same 
capacity  for  chapters ;  "  "  that  initiation  fee  be  $5.00  and 
annual  tax  be  $5.00,  which  will  include  cost  of  the  Arrow, 
and  will  be  paid  by  Grand  Treasurer. ' '  Province  redis- 
tricting,  as  voted  by  last  Convention,  showed,  in  Alpha 
Province,  Vermont  Alpha,  Columbia  Alpha,  Pennsyl- 
vania Alpha,  Pennsylvania  Beta,  Ohio  Alpha,  and  Ohio 
Beta;  in  Beta  Province,  Illinois  Beta,  Illinois  Delta,  Il- 
linois Epsilon,  Indiana  Alpha,  Indiana  Beta,  Michigan 
Alpha  and  Michigan  Beta;  in  Gamma  Province,  Iowa 
Alpha,  Iowa  Beta,  Iowa  Zeta,  Iowa  Lambda,  Minnesota 
Alpha  and  Wisconsin  Alpha;  in  Delta  Province,  Loui- 
siana Alpha,  Kansas  Alpha,  Nebraska  Beta,  Colorado 
Alpha,  Colorado  Beta  and  California  Alpha.  Election 
of  officers  resulted  in  making  Grand  President,  Grace 
Lass  (Sisson),  Illinois  Delta;  Grand  Vice-President, 
Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary, 
Florence  P.  Chase  (Cass),  of  Michigan  Alpha;  Grand 
Treasurer,  Lucinda  Smith  (Buchan),  of  Kansas  Alpha; 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  103 

Guide,  Edith  Ingersoll,  Colorado  Beta  (these  officers 
composed  the  Grand  Council)  ;  Grand  Historian,  Susan 
Lewis,  of  Michigan  Beta ;  Province  Presidents :  —  Alpha, 
Anna  Hazelton,  Columbia  Alpha;  Beta,  Loretta  Hood 
(Young),  Illinois  Delta;  Gamma,  Gertrude  Clark-Sober, 
Wisconsin  Alpha;  Delta,  Jeannette  Bennett-Dunham, 
Colorado  Alpha.  The  social  side  of  this  Convention  in- 
cluded an  informal  reception  the  first  day,  a  model  initia- 
tion, followed  by  a  "  cookie  shine,"  a  banquet  and  dance, 
and  several  informal  gatherings.  (See  Arrow,  October, 
1895.) 

Fifteenth  Biennial  Convention  was  held  in  the  Library 
Hall  of  the  University  of  Winconsin,  July  6,  7,  8,  9  and 
10,  1897,  Grand  President  Grace  Lass-Sisson  presiding. 
Twenty-six  chapter  delegates,  all  the  members  of  the 
Grand  Council,  Arrow  Editor,  Chairman  Literary 
Bureau,  President  of  the  Alumnae  Association,  and 
forty-eight  guests  were  present.  One  chapter  only  — 
Louisiana  Alpha  —  was  not  represented.  Founder 
Emma  Brownlee-Kilgore,  in  behalf  of  the  Monmouth 
alumnae,  presented  Convention  with  a  silver-mounted 
gavel.  Upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Historian,  each 
chapter  was  assigned  a  historical  topic  for  study,  re- 
search and  report.  Voted,  "  that  the  Grand  President 
shall  issue  an  annual  message ;  "  ' '  that  annual  examina- 
tions shall  be  taken  by  every  active  member  of  the 
Fraternity  the  first  week  in  March ;  ' '  that  '  *  unanimous 
consent  of  chapters  in  a  province  is  necessary  to  grant 
a  charter;"  that  "  honorary  membership  "  be  abolished. 
Election  of  officers  as  follows:  —  Grand  President, 
Grace  Lass-Sisson,  Illinois  Delta ;  Grand  Vice-President, 


104  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Grace  Grosvenor  (Shepard),  Ohio  Alpha;  Grand  Secre- 
tary, Ethel  B.  Allen  (Hamilton),  Kansas  Alpha;  Grand 
Treasurer,  Lucinda  Smith  (Buchan),  of  Kansas  Alpha; 
Grand  Guide,  Charlotte  Allen-Farnsworth,  Colorado  Al- 
pha ;  Historian,  Susan  Lewis ;  Province  Presidents :  — 
Alpha,  Mary  Bartol  (Theiss),  of  Pennsylvania  Beta; 
Beta,  Ona  H.  Payne  (Newsom),  Indiana  Alpha;  Gamma, 
Elizabeth  Smith,  Colorado  Alpha ;  Delta,  Louise  Foucar 
(Marshall),  of  Colorado  Beta.  Social  activities  included 
an  informal  reception,  model  initiation,  large  informal 
reception  and  a  banquet.  (See  Arrow,  July,  1897.} 

Sixteenth  Biennial  Convention  was  held  in  the  Chau- 
tauqua  Auditorium,  Boulder,  Colorado,  on  August  29, 
30,  31  and  September  1,  1899,  with  Grace  Lass-Sisson, 
Grand  President,  presiding.  Delegates  from  twenty-nine 
chapters  were  present,  and  five  Grand  Officers.  During 
the  interim  of  convention  Amelia  D.  Alpiner  (Stern),  of 
Illinois  Zeta,  had  succeeded  Ethel  Allen  as  Grand  Sec- 
retary, and  Ida  Greeley  Smith  her  sister  Lucinda  Smith- 
Buchan  as  Treasurer.  Voted,  "  that  Arrow  Editor  be 
made  part  of  Grand  Council  "  in  place  of  the  Grand 
Guide,  who  will  hereafter  be  appointed  by  the  Grand 
President ;  ' '  to  pay  a  salary  to  the  Grand  President,  to 
the  Grand  Secretary  and  to  the  Grand  Treasurer;  "  to 
have  ' '  a  travelling  delegate,  Grand  President,  if  possible, 
whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  visit  all  chapters  during  in- 
terim of  convention;  "  membership  confined  to  active 
and  alumnae  —  no  honorary  members ;  Constitution  re- 
vised and  ordered  printed;  Treasurer's  bond  raised  to 
$2,000.  Election  of  officers  as  follows :  —  Grand  Presi- 
dent, Elsie  Bradford  (Johnson),  Columbia  Alpha; 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  105 

Grand  Vice-President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado 
Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Mary  Bartol  (Theiss),  Penn- 
sylvania Beta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Ida  Greeley  Smith 
(Griffith),  Kansas  Alpha;  Arrow  Editor,  Florence  Por- 
ter Robinson,  Wisconsin  Alpha  (these  compose  the 
Grand  Council) ;  Historian,  Susan  Lewis,  Michigan 
Beta ;  Province  Presidents : — Alpha,  Frances  Darlington, 
Pennsylvania  Alpha;  Beta,  Lura  Grimes  (Anderson), 
Indiana  Beta;  Gamma,  Olivia  Ambler  (Simmons),  Iowa 
Alpha;  Delta,  Clara  Matthews  (Mcllhenny),  Louisiana 
Alpha.  Social  side  of  Convention  included  an  informal 
reception  the  first  day,  a  reception  by  Delta  Gamma,  a 
model  initiation,  followed  by  a  "  cookie  shine  "  and 
dancing;  a  trip  around  the  mountains  from  Boulder  to 
Ward  — ' '  the  Switzerland  Trail  of  America ;  "  a  recep- 
tion by  the  Colorado  Alpha  patronesses  of  Pi  Beta  Phi ; 
a  banquet ;  a  reception  by  Theta  Chapter  of  Gamma  Phi 
Beta  in  Denver,  and  trolley  sightseeing  ride  in  Denver. 
(See  Arrow,  November,  1899.) 

The  Seventeenth  National  Biennial  Convention  met  in 
the  University  Buildings  at  Syracuse,  New  York,  on  July 
2,  3,  4  and  5,  1901,  Grand  President  Elsie  Bradford 
presiding.  Six  national  officers  and  thirty  chapter  dele- 
gates were  present.  Sadie  B.  Williams  (Bell),  New  York 
Alpha,  appointed  Convention  Guide.  Voted,  "  that  the 
Alumnae  Association,  or  the  work  now  done  by  that  body, 
become  a  part  of  the  general  Fraternity  organization, 
and  that  to  the  duties  of  Grand  Vice-President  be  added 
those  of  Alumnae  Secretary,  and  that  she  be  nominated 
by  the  alumnae,  and  that  in  each  chapter  to  the  duties 
of  vice-president  be  added  those  of  chapter  alumnae  sec- 


106  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

retary;"  that  the  Grand  Vice-President  "  shall  have 
charge  of  the  alumnae  work, ' '  with  a  salary ;  that  *  *  Na- 
tional Biennial  "  be  inserted  before  "  Convention."  In 
1900  "  a  petition  was  made  to  the  Grand  Council  by  the 
Alumnae  Council,  by  which  they  might  be  allowed  to 
obtain  reduced  rates  (25  cents  per  year)  for  the  Arrow 
subscriptions  for  alumnae,  after  the  Arrow  had  been 
supplied  to  the  active  Fraternity.  This  was  granted  and 
it  proved  most  successful  in  increasing  alumnae  support 
and  subscriptions."  The  Syracuse  Convention  voted  to 
continue  this  concession  to  the  alumnae.  Election  of  offi- 
cers as  follows :  —  Grand  President,  Elizabeth  Gamble, 
Colorado  Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President  and  Secretary 
for  the  Alumnae,  Fannie  K.  Read  (Cook),  of  Michigan 
Beta;  Grand  Secretary,  Mary  Bartol  (Theiss),  of 
Pennsylvania  Beta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Martha  Nutter 
Kimball,  Colorado  Beta ;  Arrow  Editor,  Florence  Porter 
Robinson,  Wisconsin  Alpha ;  Grand  Historian,  Susan  W. 
Lewis ;  Province  Presidents  as  follows :  —  Alpha,  Sadie 
B.  Williams  (Bell),  New  York  Alpha;  Beta,  Ethel  Cur- 
ryer,  Indiana  Gamma;  Gamma,  Olivia  Ambler  (Sim- 
mons), Iowa  Alpha;  Delta,  Ida  Greeley  Smith  (Griffith), 
of  Kansas  Alpha.  Two  balls,  a  "  cookie  shine,"  and  a 
banquet  where  one  hundred  and  eleven  gathered  around 
the  board,  were  the  greater  features  of  the  social  side  of 
this  Convention.  (See  Arrow,  November,  1901.) 

Eighteenth  National  Biennial  Convention  was  held  in 
the  Forest  Park  University  Gymnasium,  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
on  June  28,  29,  30  and  July  1  and  2,  1904,  Grand  Presi- 
dent Elizabeth  Gamble  presiding.  Present,  eleven  offi- 
cers, delegates  from  thirty-three  chapters,  and  four 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  107 

Founders,  Emma  Brownlee-Kilgore,  Fanny  Whitenack- 
Libby,  Libbie  Brook-G-addis  and  Jennie  Horne-Turnbull. 
Gratia  E.  Woodside,  Missouri  Alpha,  appointed  Conven- 
tion Guide.  Voted,  "  that  Province  Presidents,  Grand 
Historian,  Convention  Guide  be  given  seats  in  conven- 
tion; "  "  that  all  members  of  the  Alumnae  Association 
and  all  visiting  Pi  Phis  be  allowed  the  privileges  of  the 
floor  as  though  members  of  convention ;  "  *  *  that  the 
Constitution,  as  revised  by  the  Grand  Council,  and 
presented  to  the  chapters  for  ratification  according 
to  instructions  from  the  Syracuse  Convention,  be 
hereby  ratified;  "  "  that  a  joint  committee  of  active 
and  alumnae  members  be  appointed  by  the  chair  to 
outline  suggestions  for  perfection  of  organization  of 
the  Alumnae  Department;  "  ll  that  life  membership 
in  the  Alumnae  Association  be  given  on  the  pay- 
ment of  $5.00  in  one  instalment,  or  of  $6.00  if  paid 
in  six  annual  instalments;  "  that  the  Fraternity 
Statutes  be  amended  to  read  "  To  conduct  an  ex- 
amination on  the  Fraternity  Constitution,  and  Stat- 
utes, history  and  policy,  and  on  parliamentary  law, 
which  examination  shall  be  taken  by  every  chapter  be- 
tween December  1  and  March  3;  "  "  that  the  duration 
of  a  visit  of  visiting  delegate  be  not  less  than  two  days. ' ' 
During  the  interim  of  conventions  the  following  printed 
matter  was  issued  by  the  Fraternity :  —  second  edition 
Historical  Sketch,  second  edition  Song  Book,  176  pages, 
and  Fraternity  Catalogue.  Grand  President  reported 
sixteen  applicants  for  charters  in  Pi  Phi  during  her  of- 
fice. The  election  of  officers  resulted  in  making  Grand 
President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado  Alpha;  Grand 


108  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Vice-President  and  Secretary  to  the  Alumnae,  May 
Copeland-Reynolds  (Drybread),  Michigan  Alpha; 
Grand  Secretary,  Mary  Bartol-Theiss,  of  Pennsylvania 
Beta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Martha  N.  Kimball,  of  Colo- 
rado Beta;  Arrow  Editor,  Florence  Porter  Robinson; 
Historian,  Susan  W.  Lewis,  of  Michigan  Beta ;  Province 
Presidents:  —  Alpha,  Anna  M.  Jackson  (Branson),  of 
Pennsylvania  Alpha;  Beta,  Elda  L.  Smith,  of  Illinois 
Epsilon;  Gamma,  Sue  M.  Stone  (Smith),  of  Missouri 
Alpha;  Delta,  Anne  Stuart,  of  Nebraska  Beta.  Owing 
to  the  fact  that  this  Convention  was  held  during  the  St. 
Louis  Exposition,  social  functions  were  confined  to  an 
informal  reception,  a  model  initiation  and  banquet. 
There  were  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  guests  at 
this  Convention.  (See  Arrow,  July,  1904.) 

Nineteenth  National  Biennial  Convention  met  at  the 
Claypool  Hotel,  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  on  June  26,  27, 
28,  29  and  30,  1906,  Grand  President  Elizabeth  Gamble 
in  the  chair.  In  the  absence  of  the  Grand  Secretary, 
Mrs.  Theiss,  Elda  L.  Smith,  Illinois  Epsilon,  was  ap- 
pointed secretary  of  the  Convention.  Ethel  Rous 
Curryer,  Indiana  Gamma,  was  appointed  Convention 
Guide.  Ten  officers  and  delegates  from  thirty-five  chap- 
ters were  present.  Voted,  "  that  all  Pi  Beta  Phi  pins 
purchased  by  further  initiates  be  marked  with  owner's 
name  and  chapter;"  "  that  the  use  of  the  Arrow  be 
confined  to  the  Fraternity  badge;  "  "  that  the  Grand 
Council  hold  an  annual  meeting  at  a  time  and  place 
to  be  chosen  by  the  Grand  President ;  "  "  that  Province 
Presidents  be  required  to  visit  the  chapters  of  their 
respective  provinces  once  during  the  interim  of  conven- 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  109 

tion,  travelling  expenses  to  be  paid  from  Grand  Treas- 
ury; "  "  that  the  policy  of  the  Grand  Council  for  the 
next  two  years  be  that  no  charter  be  granted  to 
chapters  in  colleges  with  less  than  $75,000  annual 
income,  a  high  standard  of  scholarship,  and  at  least 
fifty  women  students  where  Phi  Beta  Phi  is  the  first 
sorority  to  enter,  seventy-five  where  she  is  second,  one 
hundred  where  she  is  third,  etc.,  in  same  ratio;  " 
"  that  Pi  Beta  Phi  suggest  to  the  local  Pan-Hellenic 
that  the  Dean  of  Women  or  some  woman  of  the  Fac- 
ulty be  invited  to  meet  with  them;  "  "  that  Pi  Beta 
Phi  establish  scholarships  not  to  exceed  $1,000,  in 
total,  for  the  college  year;  such  scholarships  to  be 
open  only  to  members  of  Pi  Beta  Phi;  "  "  that  the 
scholarships  be  awarded  in  each  case  to  the  persons 
and  in  the  places  decided  upon  by  the  unanimous  vote  of 
Grand  Council;  "  "  that  the  undergraduate  scholarships 
be  $325  each,  and  the  graduates  scholarship  $350;  " 
"  that  no  Pi  Beta  Phi  jewelry  shall  be  given  to  any 
man;  "  "  that  a  uniform  patroness'  pin  be  adopted;  " 
"  that  there  be  a  fixed  place  for  wearing  the  Arrow;  n 
"  that  it  be  worn  on  the  left  side  near  the  heart;  n 
"  that  the  official  jewellers  be  authorized  to  make  as 
pledge  pin  an  arrow-head  of  Roman  gold  with  B  of 
burnished  gold  mounted  on  it;  the  pin  to  be  the  size 
of  the  submitted  design  and  pointing  horizontally;  " 
<rthat  at  the  close  of  each  year  the  corresponding  sec- 
retary of  each  chapter  send  to  its  alumnae  a  circular 
letter  which  shall  follow  as  closely  as  possible  the  sug- 
gestions of  Pennsylvania  Beta;  "  "  that  the  chair  ap- 
point a  committee  to  consider  a  coat  of  arms  and  re- 


110  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

port  at  following  convention. ' '  Duties  of  Alumnae  Edi- 
tor outlined  by  committee.  Election  resulted  as  fol- 
lows:—  Grand  President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  May  Copeland-Reynolds 
(Drybread),  of  Michigan  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Elda 
L.  Smith,  of  Illinois  Epsilon;  Grand  Treasurer,  Martha 
N.  Kimball,  Colorado  Beta ;  Grand  Historian,  Jeannette 
Zeppenfeld,  Indiana  Alpha;  Arrow  Editor,  Florence 
Porter  Robinson,  of  Wisconsin  Alpha;  Province  Presi- 
dents:—  Alpha,  Anna  M.  Jackson  (Branson),  of 
Pennsylvania  Alpha;  Beta,  Edith  Clark-Burr,  Illinois 
Zeta;  Gamma,  Anne  Stuart,  of  Nebraska  Beta; 
Delta,  Roberta  Frye,  of  Maryland  Alpha.  The 
Grand  Council  reported  fifteen  applications  for  charters 
during  the  two  years  interim  of  conventions.  At  this 
Convention,  the  three  Indiana  chapters  were  hostesses. 
On  the  first  day  of  Convention  there  was  an  informal 
reception.  The  second  day  was  Alumnae  Day,  and  was 
given  up  to  the  Indiana  alumnae,  who  entertained 
Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  Kappa  Kappa  Kappa,  Delta  Gam- 
ma, Chi  Omega  and  Alpha  Phi  alumnae,  for  the  Council, 
delegates  and  Pi  Phi  guests,  with  a  musical  in  the 
Propylaeum.  The  third  day  a  dance,  in  which  over 
five  hundred  were  in  the  grand  march,  and  the  fourth 
day  a  sumptuous  banquet  at  which  covers  were  laid  for 
one  hundred  and  fifty,  made  up  a  part  of  the  Conven- 
tion festivities.  (See  Arrow,  July,  1906.) 

The  Twentieth  National  Biennial  Convention  met  in 
the  Banquet  Room  of  the  New  Denechaud  Hotel,  New 
Orleans,  Louisiana,  on  December  30,  1907,  and  Jan- 
uary 1,  2,  3,  1908,  Grand  President  Elizabeth  Gamble 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  HI 

presiding.  Thirteen  officers  and  delegates  from  thirty- 
eight  chapters  present.  Celeste  Bush  Janvier,  of  Loui- 
siana Alpha,  appointed  Convention  Guide.  Voted, 
"  that  the  Cataloguer  be  made  a  delegate  to  Conven- 
tion; "  "  that  the  first  annual  tax  of  initiates  shall  pay 
for  life  membership  in  the  Alumnae  Department  of  the 
Fraternity;  "  "  that  each  chapter  shall  be  taxed  $1.00 
per  capita  for  each  graduate  or  member  leaving  college 
permanently,  except  in  the  cases  of  those  who  have  been 
initiated  since  January  1,  1908.  This  tax  shall  be  paid 
into  the  National  Treasury,  thus  purchasing  the  Arrow 
for  four  years  after  the  time  of  departure  from  col- 
lege ; ' '  *  *  that  four  Province  Secretaries,  having  the  same 
districts  as  the  Province  Presidents,  shall  be  elected  by 
Convention  as  assistants  to  the  Grand  Vice-Presidents  in 
carrying  on  the  work  of  the  Alumnae  Department;  " 
'''  that  the  expenses  of  the  Alumnae  Province  Secreta- 
ries to  convention  be  paid  by  the  National  Treasury;  " 
"  that  the  Province  Secretaries  be  given  no  vote  in  con- 
vention; "  "  that  each  alumnae  club  which  is  situated 
geographically  near  enough  to  an  active  chapter  to  make 
it  practicable,  shall  send  a  delegate  to  the  chapter  meet- 
ing at  least  once  a  month  and  shall  invite  representa- 
tives from  the  active  chapter  to  attend  alumnae  club 
meetings;  "  "  that  chapters,  which  for  two  successive 
years  are  reported  through  the  college  authorities  as 
deficient  in  scholarship,  forfeit  the  right  to  charters, 
if  at  the  end  of  two  years  there  is  no  improvement;  " 
"  no  special  student  in  any  college  of  liberal  arts  shall 
be  eligible  to  membership  in  Pi  Beta  Phi,  who  carries 
less  than  twelve  hours '  work,  or  who  has  less  than  twelve 


112  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

hours'  credit  in  such  college;  "  "  that  question  of 
patroness'  pin  be  laid  on  the  table,  pending  the  choice 
of  symbols;  "  "  that  a  secret  number  of  the  Arrow  be 
printed  annually,  which  shall  publish  the  minutes  and 
reports  of  conventions,  the  annual  chapter  reports  to 
the  Grand  Secretary,  and  any  other  information  for  the 
use  of  the  Fraternity.  Election  of  officers  resulted  as 
follows : — Grand  President,  May  Lansfield  Keller,  Mary- 
land Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Cora  E.  Marlowe 
(Kerns),  Minnesota  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Elda  L. 
Smith,  Illinois  Epsilon;  Grand  Treasurer,  Celeste  Bush 
Janvier,  Louisiana  Alpha ;  Historian,  Jeannette  Zeppen- 
feld,  of  Indiana  Alphia;  Arrow  Editor,  Mary  Bartol- 
Theiss,  of  Pennsylvania  Beta ;  Alumnae  Editor,  Sarah  G. 
Pomeroy,  of  Massachusetts  Alpha;  Province  Presi- 
dents:—  Alpha,  Elfrieda  Hochbaum-Pope,  Illinois 
Epsilon;  Beta,  Anna  W.  Lytle  (Tannahill),  Nebraska 
Beta;  Gamma,  Anne  Stuart,  Nebraska  Beta;  Delta, 
Roberta  G.  Frye,  Maryland  Alpha;  Province  Secreta- 
ries:—  Alpha,  Edna  L.  Stone,  Maryland  Alpha;  Beta, 
Fanny  Miner,  Indiana  Gamma;  Gamma,  Hilda  Kirke 
White,  Illinois  Zeta ;  Delta,  Louise  Foucar-Marshall,  Col- 
orado Beta. 

The  social  side  of  Convention  included  an  informal 
reception  in  the  banquet  room  of  the  Denechaud  Hotel, 
with  an  address  of  welcome  by  President  Dixon  on  the 
first  night;  a  royal  entertainment  New  Year's  Eve  by 
Kappa  Kappa  Gamma;  the  third  day  Alpha  Tau 
Omega  gave  the  delegates  a  trolley  ride  to  and  through 
Newcomb  College  grounds,  visiting  the  pottery  works, 
and  having  New  Year's  luncheon  on  the  campus;  a 


PI  I 


Convention 


Swartlimore. 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  113 

trip  to  the  quaint  old  French  opera-house,  where  "  La 
Tosca  "  was  being  played;  and  a  banquet  the  last  eve- 
ning, with  covers  for  one  hundred  and  twenty-five,  at 
the  close  of  which,  after  brilliant  toasts  and  amusing 
fake  telegrams  from  distinguished  personages,  "  loving- 
cups  "  of  Newcomb  pottery,  with  the  Pi  Phi  carnations 
upon  them,  were  presented  to  those  two  magnificent 
women  who  had  given  so  many  years  and  much  effort 
to  the  Fraternity,  Elizabeth  Gamble  and  Florence  Rob- 
inson. (See  Arrow,  January,  1908.) 

The  Twenty-first  National  Biennial  Convention  was 
held  in  the  Presbyterian  Chapel,  Swarthmore,  Pennsyl- 
vania, on  June  27,  28,  29  and  30,  1910,  Grand  Presi- 
dent May  L.  Keller  presiding.  Thirteen  officers  and 
delegates  from  forty  chapters  were  present.  The  three 
Pennsylvania  chapters  were  hostesses.  Mary  Cooper 
Johnson,  of  Pennsylvania  Alpha,  appointed  Convention 
Guide.  In  July,  1908,  Anna  Robinson-Nickerson, 
Massachusetts  Alpha,  succeeded  Elfrieda  Hochbaum- 
Pope,  as  Alpha  Province  President ;  in  November,  1909, 
Kate  Walker-Johnson,  of  Nebraska  Beta,  succeeded 
Anna  Lytle  (Tannahill)  as  Beta  Province  President; 
in  November,  1908,  Mary  E.  Wallihan  (Gibson),  Col- 
orado Beta,  succeeded  Louise  Foucar-Marshall,  as  Delta 
Province  Secretary;  in  October,  1908,  Helen  Schaeffer- 
Huff  was  appointed  Cataloguer;  these  between-conven- 
tion  officers  were  duly  seated  in  convention.  Voted, 
"  that  the  Convention  Guide  be  given  a  seat  and  vote 
in  convention ;  ' '  ' '  that  alumnae  club  representatives  *be 
given  seats  in  convention  and  the  privileges  of  the 
floor;  "  "  that  the  sanction  of  the  Convention  be  given 


114  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

to  the  plan  suggested  by  the  "Washington  Alumnae  Club 
to  the  Alumnae  Department  for  maintaining  a  school  in 
the  Appalachian  Mountains  in  honor  of  the  Founders 
and  founding  of  Pi  Beta  Phi;  "  "  that  the  Fraternity 
maintain  the  policy  adopted  by  the  Nineteenth  Biennial 
Convention,  and  endorsed  by  the  Twentieth  Biennial 
Convention;  namely,  of  extension  into  no  colleges  with 
less  than  $75,000  annual  income,  or  with  less  than  fifty 
women  students  where  Pi  Beta  Phi  is  the  first  woman's 
fraternity  to  enter,  seventy-five  where  she  is  second,  one 
hundred  where  she  is  third,  etc.,  in  the  same  ratio;  " 
"  that  the  Fraternity  continue  its  present  policy  of 
granting  a  $500  fellowship  for  graduate  study  either 
in  America  or  in  Europe;  "  "  that  an  appropriation  of 
$200  be  made  annually  for  two  years  for  a  loan  fund, 
available  to  Pi  Beta  Phi  undergraduates ;  "  ' '  that  con- 
vention minutes  be  published  as  an  extra  number,  secret 
issue,  of  the  Arrow ;  ' '  "  that  chapters  conduct  examina- 
tions for  their  pledges,  on  the  chapter  roll,  names  of 
Founders,  and  Grand  Council,  and  other  matters  of 
general  Fraternity  interest;  this  examination  to  be 
passed  before  the  pledge  is  eligible  to  initiation;  " 
"  that  each  chapter  be  required  to  have  its  Arrow  files 
bound  through  volume  twenty-six. ' '  The  salaries  of 
the  Grand  President,  Grand  Vice-President,  Grand  Sec- 
retary, Grand  Treasurer,  Arrow  Editor,  Alumnae  Editor 
and  Cataloguer  were  revised  and  fixed  by  Convention. 
The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  two 
years:  —  Grand  President,  May  L.  Keller,  Maryland 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Anna  Jackson-Branson, 
Pennsylvania  Alpha ;  Grand  Secretary,  Julia  E.  Rogers, 


NATIONAL    CONVENTIONS  115 

Iowa  Zeta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Celeste  Bush  Janvier, 
Louisiana  Alpha ;  Arrow  Editor,  Mary  Bartol-Theiss,  of 
Pennsylvania  Beta;  Historian,  Kate  King-Bostwick, 
Michigan  Alpha;  Alpha  Province  President,  Anna  Rob- 
inson-Nickerson,  Massachusetts  Alpha;  Beta  Province 
President,  Kate  Walker- Johnson,  Nebraska  Beta; 
Gamma  Province  President,  Anne  Stuart,  Nebraska 
Beta ;  Delta  Province,  Gertrude  Fitz-Randolph-Currens, 
Colorado  Alpha;  Alumnae  Editor,  Sophie  Woodman, 
New  York  Beta;  Alpha  Province  Secretary,  Elizabeth 
Shepard-Lough,  Wisconsin  Alpha ;  Beta  Province  Secre- 
tary, Fanny  Miner,  Indiana  Gamma;  Gamma  Province 
Secretary,  Frances  Dunning,  Maryland  Alpha;  Delta 
Province  Secretary,  Mary  E.  Wallihan  (Gibson),  of 
Colorado  Beta. 

The  social  side  of  Convention :  —  The  Grand  Council 
and  as  many  others  as  possible  were  housed  in  the  Strath 
Haven  Inn,  where  delegates  and  visitors  were  enter- 
tained on  Monday  with  song,  recitation,  college  skits 
and  a  Pi  Phi  medley;  Tuesday  a  picnic  across  Crum 
Creek;  Wednesday,  the  Convention  picture  was  taken 
in  the  morning,  and  in  the  afternoon  Pennsylvania 
Alpha  presented  fairy  scenes  from  Midsummer  Night's 
Dream  in  the  near-by  dell,  and  in  the  evening  Pennsyl- 
vania Beta  entertained  with  a  stunt  party  and  "  cookie 
shine;  "  Thursday  evening  the  long-to-be-remembered 
banquet,  at  which  was  announced  that  Nebraska  Beta 
had  won  the  loving-cup  for  attendance  at  Convention. 
There  were  one  hundred  and  sixty-seven  visiting  Pi  Phis 
at  this  Convention.  (See  Arrow,  July,  1910.) 

The  Twenty-second  National  Biennial  Convention  was 


116  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

held  in  Annie  May  Swift  Hall,  of  Northwestern  Univer- 
sity, Evanston,  Illinois,  on  June  25,  26,  27,  28  and  29, 
1912,  May  Lansfield  Keller,  Grand  President,  presiding. 
Elda  L.  Smith,  Illinois  Epsilon,  was  appointed  Conven- 
tion Guide.  Roll  call  showed  sixteen  officers  and  forty- 
four  delegates  present,  Beta  Province  President  being 
absent.  Owing  to  ill  health,  Mary  Bartol-Theiss,  Arrow 
Editor,  was  succeeded  in  November,  1911,  by  Sarah  G. 
Pomeroy,  Massachusetts  Alpha.  Voted,  "  that  all 
alumnae  be  granted  the  privileges  of  the  floor ;  "  "  that 
a  permanent  loan  fund  of  not  less  than  $200  per  annum 
be  established;  "  "  that  each  province  shall  have  a 
Province  Vice-President,  elected  at  convention,  having 
the  same  district  as  the  Province  President,  and 
assisting  the  Grand  Vice-President  and  the  Alumnae 
Editor,"  —  these  succeeded  the  alumnae  secretaries 
in  the  Alumnae  Department ;  —  "  that  Province  Vice- 
Presidents  shall  have  their  expenses  to  convention 
paid  from  the  National  Treasury,  but  shall  have 
no  vote;  "  "  that  the  sanction  of  Convention  be 
given  to  the  recommendation  that  $250  per  annum 
be  given  for  running  expenses  of  the  Settlement 
School;  "  "  that  the  Chicago  Alumnae  Club  be  re- 
quested to  assume  control  of  the  Settlement  School  proj- 
ect; "  "  that  Grand  Treasurer  hereafter  be  required 
to  give  bond  in  an  amount  not  less  than  $6,000 ;  "  ' '  the 
restoration  of  the  small  recognition  pin  be  authorized ;  ' ' 
"  that  the  provinces  be  redistricted  as  follows,  on  a  geo- 
graphic basis,  enlarging  the  number  from  four  to  six :  — 
Alpha  Province,  eight  chapters,  to  include  the  states  of 
Connecticut,  Delaware,  District  of  Columbia,  Florida, 


Conventioi 


Kvunston. 


NATIONAL   CONVENTIONS  117 

Georgia,  Maine,  Maryland,  Massachusetts,  New  Hamp- 
shire, New  Jersey,  New  York,  North  Carolina,  Ontario, 
Rhode  Island,  South  Carolina,  Vermont  and  Virginia; 
Beta  Province,  eight  chapters,  to  include  the  states  of 
Michigan,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia; 
Gamma  Province,  ten  chapters,  to  include  the  states  of 
Alabama,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Kentucky,  Minnesota,  Mis- 
sissippi, Tennessee  and  Wisconsin;  Delta  Province,  ten 
chapters,  to  include  the  states  of  Arkansas,  Iowa,  Kan- 
sas, Louisiana,  Missouri  and  Nebraska ;  Epsilon  Prov- 
ince, five  chapters,  to  include  the  states  of  Colorado, 
Oklahoma,  Montana,  New  Mexico,  Texas,  Wyoming, 
North  Dakota  and  South  Dakota;  Zeta  Province,  four 
chapters,  to  include  the  states  of  Arizona,  California, 
Idaho,  Nevada,  Oregon,  Utah  and  Washington.  The 
election  of  officers  resulted  as  follows :  —  Grand  Presi- 
dent, May  L.  Keller,  Maryland  Alpha;  Grand  Vice- 
President,  Lida  Burkhard-Lardner,  Colorado  Beta; 
Grand  Secretary,  Amy  B.  Onken,  Illinois  Epsilon; 
Grand  Treasurer,  Anne  Stuart,  Nebraska  Beta;  Arrow 
Editor,  Sarah  G.  Pomeroy(Rugg),  Massachusetts  Alpha; 
Historian,  Elizabeth  Clarke-Helmick,  Michigan  Alpha; 
Alpha  Province  President,  Anna  Robinson-Nickerson, 
Massachusetts  Alpha;  Beta  Province  President,  Anna 
Pettitt  (Broomell),  Pennsylvania  Alpha;  Gamma  Prov- 
ince President,  Abbie  Langmaid,  Minnesota  Alpha; 
Delta  Province  President,  Lois  Janvier,  Louisiana 
Alpha;  Epsilon  Province  President,  Gertrude  Fitz-Ran- 
dolph-Currens,  Colorado  Alpha;  Zeta  Province  Presi- 
dent, Marguerite  Davis-Carney,  Colorado  Alpha ;  Alpha 
Province  Vice-President,  Grace  Goodhue-Coolidge,  Ver- 


118  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

mont  Beta ;  Beta  Province  Vice-President,  Elsa  Schlicht, 
Ohio  Gamma;  Gamma  Province  Vice-President,  Lizette 
Woerner  (Hampton),  Wisconsin  Alpha;  Delta  Province 
Vice-President,  Margaret  Ross  (McEldowney),  Missouri 
Alpha;  Epsilon  Province  Vice-President,  Emily  Maver- 
ick (Miller),  Texas  Alpha;  Zeta  Province  Vice-Presi- 
dent, Leta  Horlocker,  Nebraska  Beta.  In  August,  1913, 
Kate  B.  Miller,  Iowa  Beta,  succeeded  Abbie  Langmaid  as 
Gamma  Province  President,  and  in  October,  1913,  Edith 
Baker,  Missouri  Beta,  succeeded  Margaret  Ross  as  Delta 
Province  Vice-President.  At  this  Convention  the  loving- 
cup  was  awarded  New  York  Beta. 

Social  events  of  this  Convention  included  an  informal 
reception  in  Willard  Hall  the  first  night,  with  an  ad- 
dress of  welcome  by  Miss  Potter,  Dean  of  Women  at 
Northwestern,  a  Pi  Beta  Phi  Pageant,  written  by  Kate 
B.  Miller,  Iowa  Beta,  and  presented  by  the  Chicago 
Alumnae  Club,  swimming  parties,  breakfast  on  the 
beach,  a  boat  ride  on  Lake  Michigan,  and  a  banquet 
Friday  evening  in  Patton  Gymnasium,  to  which  473  Pi 
Phis  sat  down  together. 

The  beautiful  Pi  Phi  book  plate  designed  by  Edith 
Hammond,  Illinois  Epsilon,  was  presented  to  the  Fra- 
ternity by  the  chapter.  (See  Convention,  or  Secret 
Arrow,  1912.) 

To  the  fortunate  Pi  Phi,  who  can  attend  a  convention, 
it  means  "  a  new  initiation  into  Pi  Beta  Phi.  It  is  true 
we  were  wont  to  speak  of  being  loyal  to  the  wine  and 
blue,  but  after  attending  one  of  our  conventions  we  are 
as  loyal  to  one  chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  as  to  another.  The 
interests,  the  aims,  the  pleasures,  the  triumphs,  the  dis- 


NATIONAL   CONVENTIONS  119 

appointments,  the  losses  of  every  separate  chapter,  aye, 
of  every  individual  member,  we  might  say,  become  ours 
also."  "  We  are  bound  by  ties  —  ties  warmer  and 
stronger  than  those  of  friendship  —  to  noble,  intellectual, 
womanly  women  all  over  these  United  States.  For  the 
dear  little  girl  from  the  far  West,  for  the  gentle  Quaker 
maiden  of  the  East,  for  the  stately  sister  of  the  North, 
and  for  the  charming  girl  from  the  South,  convention 
has  brought  us  a  warmer  interest  and  love." 


"  Every  wearer  of  the  Fraternity  badge  feels  a  noble 
pride  in  that  badge  as  a  symbol  of  high  aims  and  prog- 
ress."—  MARY  CLARK  BANCKER,  Michigan  Beta. 


Missouri  Gamma  Group. 


CHAPTER   VII 

INSIGNIA 

BADGES.  —  The  badge  of  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity  is 
a  gold  arrow,  about  an  inch  in  length,  bearing  the  let- 
ters nB$  transversely  on  its  feather,  with  a  loop  chain 
pendent  from  the  shaft,  worn  on  the  left  side  near  the 
heart.  That  the  badge  should  be  a  gold  arrow  was 
decided  by  our  Founders  on  the  5th  of  May,  1867, 
and  was  worn  by  them  on  the  14th  of  May,  of  the  same 
year,  for  the  first  time.  Until  1888,  the  pin  bore  upon 
its  wing  the  letters  I.  C.  in  black  enamel.  The  signifi- 
cance of  each  part  of  the  arrow  has  never  changed,  but 
at  the  Convention  of  1888,  nB$  was  substituted  for  I.  C., 
the  wing  being  enamelled  in  white,  and  jewelling  was 
permitted.  A  guard  pin  was  used  before  the  safety 
catch  was  invented.  This  guard  pin  was  of  gold,  a 
Greek  letter,  the  same  as  the  name  of  the  chapter  to 
which  the  owner  belonged,  or  I.  C.  The  first  jewelled 
Pi  Beta  Phi  pin  was  presented  by  the  Fraternity  to  the 
highly  esteemed  President,  Mrs.  Rainie  Adamson-Small, 
and  was  jewelled  with  diamonds  and  pearls. 

The  Recognition  Pin  authorized  by  the  1912  Conven- 
tion is  a  duplicate  of  the  badge,  only  smaller,  and  is 
worn  on  the  coat  lapel. 

The  Pledge  Pin  is  an  arrow-head,  made  of  Roman 
gold,  and  pointed  horizontally,  upon  which  is  mounted 

123 


124  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

the  Greek  letter  B  in  burnished  gold.  This  pin  is  worn 
only  by  girls  who  have  given  their  pledge  to  join  the 
Fraternity,  and  have  not  been  fully  initiated. 

HONORARY  BADGES.  —  In  1893,  at  the  Convention  held 
in  Chicago,  during  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition, 
the  following  honorary  badges  for  Grand  Officers  were 
adopted :  — 

Grand  President  —  a  small  gold  gavel. 

Grand  Vice-President  —  a  gold  scroll,  with  wine 
enamelled  gavel  and  letters  IIB^>  across  the  face. 

Grand  Treasurer  —  the  $  sign  in  gold  wire. 

Grand  Secretary  —  gold  pen,  with  IIB<I>  in  black 
enamel  across  same. 

Grand  Historian  —  white  enamelled  scroll,  with  IIB$ 
in  gold  letters  across  the  face. 

Arrow  Editor  —  white  enamelled  scroll,  with  word 
11  Arrow  "  in  gold  across  the  face. 

COLORS.  —  The  colors  of  the  Fraternity  are  dregs  of 
wine  and  silver  blue,  adopted  by  the  Convention  of 
1882,  upon  motion  of  Ella  Ham  (Robinson),  of  Iowa 
Zeta. 

FLOWER.  —  The  flower  is  the  dark  red  carnation, 
adopted  by  the  Convention  of  1890. 

GODDESS.  —  At  the  Galesburg  Convention-  held  in 
1890,  Pallas  Athense  was  adopted  as  the  Fraternity 
goddess. 

FLAG.  —  The  flag  is  an  oblong,  with  lower  edge  in- 
dented; connecting  the  opposite  corners  are  curved 
lines  which  divide  the  field  into  three  parts.  The  center 
portion  is  of  silver  blue,  bearing  in  its  upper  part  a 
monogram  of  the  letters  I  C,  surrounded  by  a  halo,  and 


INSIGNIA 


125 


below  is  a  monogram  of  the  letters  IIB<I».  The  lower 
point  is  pierced  by  a  gold  arrow  which  overlaps  the 
lateral  section  of  the  wine  red.  This  flag  was  presented 
to  Convention  in  1896. 

YELL.  —  The  yell  was  adopted  by  the  Convention  of 
1892,  as  follows :  — 


Ring,  ching,  ching, 
Ho,  hippi,  hi, 
Ra,  ro,  Arrow, 
Pi  Beta  Phi. 

WHISTLE.  — The  following  is  the  whistle  call  of  the 
Fraternity,  adopted  at  the  1890  Convention: 


{(  Those  three  little  Greek  letters  on  the  Arrow  are  as 
a  talisman  that  will  lead  into  sweeter,  broader,  richer 
fields  of  usefulness."  —  GRACE  LASS-SISSON,  Illinois 
Delta. 


CHAPTER   VIII 

ALUMNAE  ORGANIZATIONS 

IT  has  been  impossible  to  gather  accurate  detailed  in- 
formation about  alumnae  chapters  or  clubs  previous  to? 
1880.  As  early  as  1870  we  have  been  told  of  gatherings 
of  I.  C.  groups  at  stated  times  and  places,  when  active 
and  inactive  members  met  and  discussed  Fraternity  af- 
fairs and  chapter  welfare  over  the  teacups,  but  there 
was  no  concerted  movement  for  fostering  a  closer  rela- 
tionship between  the  active  and  alumnae  members  or  for 
organizing  alumnae  chapters  or  clubs  until  1$80  or  1881. 
Previous  to  1880,  in  an  I.  C.  Constitution  in  the  His- 
torian's archives  is  a  provision  for  alumnae  organization 
reading :  — "  Members  of  the  several  chapters  shall, 
upon  graduation,  become  members  of  the  alumnae  chap- 
ter, but  shall  retain  connection  with  their  former  chap- 
ter. The  alumnae  chapter  shall  have  no  power  to  trans- 
act business. ' '  This  last  clause  was  amended  by  the  Mt. 
Pleasant  Convention  of  October,  1880,  to  read:  — 
''Alumnae  chapters  shall  have  power  to  transact  any 
business  which  does  not  in  any  way  conflict  with  the 
workings  of  the  general  organization."  Alumnae  chap- 
ters, when  organized,  were  at  first  given  the  name  of 
the  parent  chapter  followed  by  Omega,  but  after  the 
Convention  of  1882,  these  chapters  were  named  with- 
out regard  to  their  origin,  as,  for  instance,  the  first 

129 


130  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

chapter  chartered,  being  the  Fairfield  Chapter,  became 
Beta  Omega,  the  second,  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  was  Gamma 
Omega,  etc. 

Early  in  1882,  a  society  was  formed  in  Des  Moines, 
Iowa,  composed  entirely  of  alumnaa,  and  existed  as  an 
independent  alumnse  club  until  February  6,  1893,  when 
it  received  a  charter  from  the  Grand  Council,  as 
Lambda  Omega,  just  previous  to  the  organization  of 
the  National  Alumnag  Association.  This  chapter,  or 
club,  was  carefully  organized,  including  among  its 
members  a  number  of  our  active  workers  of  to-day. 
They  held  regular  meetings  and  devoted  their  time  to 
literary  study,  Fraternity  interests  and  social  affairs 
until  they  were  merged  into  the  new  National  Alumnae 
Association.  The  fact  that  this  was  the  last  alumnse 
chapter  and  was  given  the  name  Lambda  leads  us  to 
believe  there  might  have  been  nine  Omega,  or  alumnge 
chapters,  but  we  find  record  of  only  the  following :  — 

(1)  FAIRFIELD,    Iowa,    chartered    October    12,    1882, 
under  the  name  of  Beta  Omega.    This  chapter  also  ad- 
mitted to  membership  college  women  not  initiated  I.  (Vs. 

(2)  MT.   PLEASANT,   Iowa,   chartered   in   September, 
1884,  as  Gamma  Omega,  and  was  composed  entirely  of 
Pi   Phi   members    from   the    Iowa    Wesleyan    College. 
"  Iowa  Alpha,  our  oldest  chapter,  separated  its  mem- 
bers  into   active   and   inactive    (or   alumnae)    chapters 
when  the   active   chapter,   or  members   living   in   Mt. 
Pleasant,  exceeded  thirty  in  number."     The  overflow 
became  members  of  Gamma  Omega. 

(3)  IOWA  CITY,  Iowa,  was  chartered  September  12, 
1884,  as  Delta  Omega,  and  was  a  strong  alumnae  asso- 


Lila  Rurkhardt-Lardner. 


ALUMNA    ORGANIZATIONS  131 

elation  until  1893,  when  it  went  into  the  National  Asso- 
ciation. With  one  exception  this  chapter  was  composed 
entirely  of  alumnae  from  Iowa  State  University,  Iowa 
Zeta. 

(4)  LAWRENCE,  Kansas,  was  granted  a  charter  in 
November,  1884,  and  was  composed  entirely  of  I.  C.'s 
graduated  from  the  Kansas  State  University.  This 
chapter  disbanded  the  following  year. 

The  records  of  the  time  of  these  alumnae  organizations 
show  that  they  were  very  active  at  home  and  in  the 
general  conventions,  and  retained  the  old  Fraternity 
enthusiasm  and  loyalty  which  later  made  the  alumna 
the  stronghold  of  the  national  organization. 

In  one  of  the  early  volumes  of  the  Arrow,  about  this 
time,  is  an  article  written  by  Anna  E.  Ross  (Clark)  of 
Des  Moines,  under  the  heading  "  Relation  of  Pi  Beta 
Phi  to  the  Inactive  Member."  from  which  the  following 
is  quoted :  —  "I  use  the  word  inactive,  from  the  lack 
of  a  more  appropriate  term,  to  apply  to  those  sisters 
who  have  at  some  time  been  faithful,  active  members 
in  chapter  work,  and  who  are  still  loyal  to  the  wine  and 
blue,  but  who,  from  remoteness  to  a  chapter,  are  unable 
to  take  an  active  part  in  its  workings,  and  can  be  pres- 
ent only  in  spirit  and  sympathy.  There  is  a  relation 
existing  between  a  chapter  and  its  work  and  the  retired 
member  of  that  chapter,  and  this  relation  is  determined 
chiefly  by  the  one  who  no  longer  answers  *  here  '  to  the 
chapter  roll.  If  a  sister  imagines  that  upon  graduation 
she  has  discharged  the  last  duty  she  owes  to  Pi  Beta 
Phi  and  her  sisters,  that  from  that  time  onward  her 
path  is  to  be  this  way  and  the  chapter's  that,  and  that 


132  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

lier  relations  to  the  chapter  are  a  memory  only,  she  has 
failed  to  understand  the  true  meaning  of  friendship  and 
fraternity.  If  to  the  chapter  she  gives  nothing  she  can 
expect  naught  in  return.  The  vows  we  made  were  not 
for  a  day  nor  yet  for  a  year,  but  for  all  time,  and  we 
.are  just  as  much  Pi  Phis  to-day  as  we  were  when  we 
were  active  members  of  a  chapter.  Our  work  is  differ- 
ent; that  is  all.  We  served  then  an  apprenticeship, 
mow  we  have  in  life's  great  work  to  live  the  principles 
-we  have  sworn  to  uphold  and  defend." 

Previous  to  1892,  one  of  the  standing  committees  ap- 
pointed at  convention  had  been  the  Alumnae  Committee, 
whose  duties  included  "  collecting  addresses  of  alumnae, 
•organizing  Pi  Beta  Phi  Clubs,  and  doing  general 
.alumnae  work/'  On  March  29,  1892,  this  committee 
recommended  to  the  Convention  held  at  Lawrence 
Ul  that  a  general  alumnae  secretary  be  appointed  to  have 
supervision  of  alumnae  work,"  and  Lillie  S.  Hazelton, 
x)f  Columbia  Alpha,  entered  upon  these  duties  the  fol- 
lowing August.  This  year  was  productive  of  great 
alumnae  activity  in  organizing  Pi  Phi  alumnae  clubs  in 
cities,  and  sending  out  circulars  and  "  round  robin  " 
letters  among  isolated  members. 

It  had  become  clear  to  the  Grand  Counoil  that  the 
only  means  for  bringing  the  alumnae  into  closer  touch 
with  active  members,  and  to  provide  for  a  more  general 
moral  and  financial  support,  "  would  be  to  extend,  or 
reorganize  the  Fraternity  in  such  a  way  that  it  would 
touch  the  lives  of  the  alumna  at  some  vital  point,  and 
make  the  work  worth  while  for  her  to  do,  and  it  was 
with  such  a  plan  in  mind  that  the  Grand  President 


ALUMNJB    ORGANIZATIONS  133 

(Emma  Harper  Turner)  sent  out  a  circular  in  May, 
1893,  proposing  the  formation  of  an  Alumnae  Associa- 
tion of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  to  be  composed  of  (a)  alumnae 
chapters  and  clubs  and  (6)  alumnae  corresponding  mem- 
bers." This  circular  stimulated  thought,  and  delegates 
and  alumnae  came  to  the  next  convention  with  well- 
formed  ideas  for  organization. 

At  a  meeting  held  in  the  Isabella  Club  House,  Chi- 
cago, on  Tuesday  evening,  July  18,  1893,  the  question 
of  organization  was  submitted  to  the  alumnae  for  their 
decision.  "  The  question  was  a  serious  one,  and  in- 
volved many  vital  considerations.  There  was  no  doubt 
but  what  such  an  organization  would  have  a  great  and 
good  influence  on  the  undergraduates  of  the  Fraternity. 
Besides  inspiring  them  by  their  example,  the  association 
of  older  women  in  Fraternity  work  would  give  a  dignity 
and  weight  to  the  Fraternity  which  would  never  belong 
to  a  mere  college  society. "  Also  "  it  was  the  crystalli- 
zation of  a  well-developed  conviction  in  the  Fraternity 
that  alumnae  relations  would  be  best  conserved  and  pro- 
ductive of  the  most  good  through  a  definite,  concrete 
organization/'  The  subject  had  long  been  one  of  dis- 
cussion at  meetings  and  reunions,  in  correspondence, 
and  in  the  Arrow;  finally  a  way  for  action  was  thor- 
oughly prepared. 

The  inauguration  took  place  under  most  favorable 
circumstances:  the  largest  convention  the  Fraternity 
had  ever  held  was  then  in  session,  enrolling  a  represen- 
tative alumnae  contingent. 

"  To  maintain  the  Fraternity  associations  of  Pi  Beta 
Phi  alumnae  and  to  secure  their  cooperation  in  the  de- 


134  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

velopment  of  the  Fraternity,"  was  set  forth  as  the  ob- 
ject of  the  association,  and  bearing  in  mind  the  varied 
and  busy  lives  of  the  alumnae  to  be  served  by  the  associ- 
ation, a  very  simple  form  of  government,  without  re- 
quirements or  demands,  was  adopted.  The  new  organi- 
zation was  not  covered  by  any  provision  of  the  Frater- 
nity law,  yet  it  must,  if  successful,  become  an  important 
factor  in  the  general  Fraternity  welfare,  and  hence  the 
movement.  The  constitution  and  officers  recommended 
were  submitted  to  the  General  Convention  for  action, 
and  were  by  it  at  once  officially  recognized  and  enthu- 
siastically endorsed. 

The  first  Council  of  officers  consisted  of :  —  President, 
Emma  Harper  Turner,  Columbia  Alpha;  Vice-Presi- 
dent,  Mrs.  Laura  M.  Light- Vance,  Iowa  Alpha;  Secre- 
tary, Effie  June  Scott  (Franklin),  Kansas  Alpha; 
Treasurer,  Ina  H.  Payne  (Newsom),  Indiana  Alpha; 
Guide,  Dr.  Phoebe  R.  Norris,  Columbia  Alpha. 

Immediately  upon  the  formation  of  the  National 
Alumnas  Association,  state  secretaries  were  appointed  in 
the  principal  Pi  Phi  strongholds,  and  the  work  of  keep- 
ing alive  the  old  Fraternity  spirit  of  comradeship  and 
love  was  launched.  The  first  published  list,  October, 
1893,  shows  an  attempt  to  organize  the  alumnae  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  Michigan,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois, 
Iowa,  Kansas  and  Colorado,  and  a  regular  Alumnse  De- 
partment was  scheduled  in  the  Directory  of  the  Frater- 
nity in  the  Arrow. 

The  Second  Convention  was  held  in  Boston,  in  1895, 
at  the  time  of  the  General  Convention,  and  elected  the 
following  officers:  —  President,  Emma  Harper  Turner, 


ALUMNA   ORGANIZATIONS  135 

Columbia  Alpha;  Vice-President,  Slide  Weaver-Evans, 
Iowa  Epsilon;  Secretary,  Dr.  Phoebe  R.  Norris,  Colum- 
bia Alpha;  Treasurer,  Sarah  M.  Sterrett,  Iowa  Alpha; 
Marshal,  Sarah  F.  Sparks,  Columbia  Alpha. 

In  1896  the  Alumnae  Association  voted  to  cooperate 
with  the  Arrow  Editor,  and  Mary  S.  Hutchinson  (Con- 
row),  of  Pennsylvania  Alpha,  was  placed  in  charge  of 
the  work,  which  she  carried  on  with  satisfactory  results 
until  1899.  She  was  styled  Alumnee  Editor. 

The  Third  Convention  was  held  at  Madison,  Wiscon- 
sin, on  July  8,  1897,  and  resulted  in  the  election  of :  — 
President,  Miriam  E.  Prindle,  Illinois  Epsilon;  Vice- 
President,  Mary  Thompson-Ried,  Michigan  Beta;  Sec- 
retary, Mary  Harris,  Pennsylvania  Beta;  Treasurer, 
Maud  Hicks-Lamson,  Iowa  Gamma;  Marshal,  Alice 
Pierce-Sylvester,  Michigan  Beta. 

The  Fourth  Convention,  held  in  Boulder,  Colorado,  in 
August,  1899,  elected  the  following  Council :  —  Presi- 
dent, Fanny  K.  Read  (Cook),  of  Michigan  Beta;  Vice- 
President,  Leila  Lane-Smith,  Michigan  Alpha;  Secre- 
tary, Anna  S.  Hazelton,  Columbia  Alpha;  Treasurer, 
Gertrude  Clark  (Sober) -Church,  Michigan  Beta;  Mar- 
shal, Kate  King-Bostwick,  Michigan  Alpha. 

On  July  4,  1901,  the  National  Alumnae  Association 
petitioned  the  Biennial  Convention,  at  Syracuse,  N.  Y., 
through  the  Grand  Council,  and  it  was  recommended 
and  presented  by  them,  "  That  the  Alumnae  Association, 
or  the  work  now  done  by  that  body,  become  a  part  of 
the  general  Fraternity  organization,  and  that  to  the 
duties  of  the  Grand  Yice-President  be  added  those  of 
Alumnae  Secretary,  and  that  she  be  nominated  by  the 


136  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

alumnae;  and  that  in  each  chapter  to  the  duties  of  vice- 
president  be  added  those  of  chapter  alumnae  secretary." 
On  motion,  this  recommendation  became  a  part  of  the 
Constitution,  and  a  salary  of  $50  per  annum,  which  has 
since  been  raised  to  $200,  was  authorized. 

At  this  time  the  entire  alumnae  membership  had  been 
card-catalogued  by  Florence  Chase-Cass,  of  Michigan 
Alpha,  there  being  11,000  entries  made  in  the  work 

Since  the  consolidation  of  the  Alumnae  Association 
Conventions  with  the  National  Biennial  Conventions, 
the  following  have  been  elected  Grand  Vice-Presidents, 
and  therefore  presidents  of  the  Alumnae  Conventions, 
which  have  occupied  one  session  of  each  National  Con- 
vention :  — 

1901,  Fanny  K.  Reed  (Cook),  Michigan  Beta. 

1904,  May  Copeland-Reynolds  (Drybread),  Michigan 
Alpha. 

1906,  May  Copeland-Reynolds  (Drybread),  Michigan 
Alpha. 

1908,  Cora  E.  Marlowe  (Kerns),  Minnesota  Alpha. 

1910,  Anna  Jackson-Brandon,  Pennsylvania  Alpha. 

1912,  Lida  Burkhardt-Lardner,  Colorado  Beta. 

"  Emma  Harper  Turner  was  president  of  the 
Alumnae  Association  from  1893  to  1897.  As  she  had 
been  its  inspiration,  so  likewise,  during  her  term  of  of- 
fice, she  was  its  life,  its  heart,  its  soul.  She  was  as 
untiring  in  her  work  as  she  had  been  in  her  work  for 
the  general  Fraternity  while  at  its  head.  Her  succes- 
sors have  ably  carried  on  the  work  she  began. " 


"Love  feels  n*o  burden,  thinks  nothing  of  trouble,  at- 
tempts what  is  above  its  strength,  pleads  no  excuse  of 
impossibility;  for  it  thinks  all  things  lawful  for  itself 
and  all  things  possible."  —  A'KEMPIS. 


~ 
<| 


CHAPTER   IX 

ALUMNAE   CLUBS 

THE  national  strength  of  a  fraternity  may  be  shown 
by  its  organizations  of  alumnae  as  well  as  by  its  active 
college  chapters.  Pi  Beta  Phi  has  made  provisions  for 
husbanding  her  alumnae  strength  by  organizing  and 
chartering  alumnae  clubs  in  connection  with  her  Alumnae 
Department  wherever  ten  or  more  members  may  be 
found. 

The  six  province  vice-presidents,  elected  at  Conven- 
tion, and  having  the  same  districts  as  the  province  pres- 
idents, have  the  general  supervision  of  all  alumnae  in- 
terests in  their  provinces,  and  are  responsible  to  the 
Fraternity,  through  the  Grand  Vice-President,  for  the 
development  of  Pi  Phi  activities  of  those  under  them. 
They  are  representatives  at  convention,  but  have  no 
votes. 

The  Statutes  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  stipulate  "  that  every 
alumnae  club  shall  hold  at  least  three  meetings  a  year; 
one  of  which  shall  be  devoted  to  the  interests  of  the 
nearest  chapter  or  chapters,  one  to  the  study  of  the 
Constitution,  the  historical  documents  and  the  yearly 
examination  questions,  and  one  to  the  observance  of 
Founders'  Day.  These  and  all  business  meetings  shall 
be  opened  and  closed  with  the  Fraternity  ritual."  To 
stimulate  a  closer  bond  and  feeling  of  responsibility  be- 

139 


140  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

tween  the  active  members  and  the  elder  sisters  in  the 
alumnae  "  each  alumnae  club  which  is  geographically 
near  enough  to  an  active  chapter  to  make  it  practicable 
shall  send  a  delegate  to  the  chapter  meeting  at  least  once 
a  month  and  shall  invite  representatives  from  the  active 
chapter  to  attend  alumnae  club  meetings,"  also  "  every 
alumnae  club  president  shall  send  annually  to  the  Grand 
Vice-President  a  letter  covering  the  intimate  points  of 
club  work,"  and  "  every  alumnae  club  secretary  shall 
send  annually  to  the  Alumnae  Editor  a  report  of  the 
year's  work."  Active  membership  in  the  Alumnae  De- 
partment is  necessary  to  membership  in  an  alumnae  club. 
"  If  practicable,  every  alumnae  club  shall  send  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  national  convention,  who  shall  have  the 
privilege  of  the  floor,  but  no  vote  except  on  questions 
pertaining  to  the  work  of  the  Alumnae  Department." 

From  the  day  of  our  initiation  into  Pi  Beta  Phi  it 
has  been  impressed  upon  us  that  our  vows  taken  then 
were  not  alone  for  college  days  but  for  as  long  as  we 
live.  Said  Emerson:  "  Within  every  man's  thoughts 
is  a  higher  thought;  within  the  character  he  exhibits 
to-day  a  higher  character;  "  and  so  "  Pi  Phi  pledges  her 
kindliest  and  best  efforts  toward  making  a  part  of  the 
visible  woman  this  best  part." 

To-day,  we  have  sixty-seven  clubs  over  the  country, 
as  follows: 

AMES  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Ames,  Iowa,  was  organized  in 
September,  1901,  being  at  its  inception  purely  social. 
Later,  it  took  as  its  mission  the  reestablishing  of  Iowa 
Gamma,  which  was  accomplished  in  1906.  Since  that 
time  its  meetings  have  been  devoted  to  Pi  Phi  interests, 


ALUMNJE    CLUBS  141 

and  recently  to  assisting  the  Ames  Chapter  in  planning 
and  building  their  new  Chapter  House  upon  the  campus 
and  working  for  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Settlement  School.  It 
meets  quarterly  at  luncheons,  followed  by  business.  It 
was  chartered  February  17,  1913,  and  has  twenty-three 
working  members.  Mrs.  E.  B.  Bush  (Edna  Everett), 
706  Clark  Avenue,  Ames,  Iowa,  is  secretary. 

ANN  ARBOR  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan, 
was  chartered  April  17,  1913,  by  Dora  Payne-Roth, 
Katherine  Tower-Barnes,  Mary  Snow-Case,  Lucy  Par- 
ker-Huber,  Rebecca  Downey- White,  Lora  Wright-Lewis, 
Emma  Hynes-Riggs,  Faith  Gilbert-Parker,  Lida  Van 
Horn  White-Miller  and  Marguerite  White,  all  connected 
with  the  University  of  Michigan.  Though  meetings  of 
Ann  Arbor  Pi  Phis  were  held  informally  for  a  number 
of  years  without  a  definite  organization,  since  its  char- 
ter has  been  taken  out  it  has  become  in  a  measure  spon- 
sor for  Michigan  Beta  Chapter  and  assumed  its  share 
of  the  responsibility  of  supporting  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Set- 
tlement School.  It  has  sixteen  members.  Mrs.  H.  E. 
Riggs,  1319  Cambridge  Road,  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan,  is 
secretary. 

ATHENS  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Athens,  Ohio,  was  estab- 
lished in  December,  1901.  Being  located  in  a  college 
town,  its  interests  are  largely  centered  in  the  better- 
ment of  the  local  organizations,  though  it  is  keenly  in- 
terested in  our  national  philanthropies.  It  meets 
monthly  in  the  evening.  Virginia  Bishop  is  secretary. 

AUSTIN  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Austin,  Texas,  was  estab- 
lished in  July,  1911,  primarily  for  helping  the  active 
chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  It  was  chartered  in  March, 


142  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

1915,  and  has  assumed  all  the  obligations  and  duties  of 
a  Pi  Phi  Alumnae  Club.  It  has  twenty  members.  Mrs. 
William  T.  Caswell,  1502  West  Avenue,  is  the  secretary. 

BALTIMORE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Baltimore,  Maryland.  As 
far  back  as  1899  we  find  alumnae  members  meeting  in 
Baltimore  as  a  Pi  Phi  social  club.  In  1906  a  regularly 
established  club  was  organized  by  Alice  Wood,  Lucy 
Murray,  May  Keller,  Esther  Cox,  Helen  Tottle,  Helen 
Hull,  Elizabeth  Culver  (Hazzard),  Irene  Fenton, 
Blanche  Reisinger  and  Edith  Lewis.  The  meetings,  held 
monthly,  alternating  with  Saturday  afternoon  luncheons 
and  Friday  evening  meetings,  are  devoted  to  the  inter- 
ests of  the  active  chapter  at  Goucher,  to  the  Pi  Beta 
Phi  Settlement  School  in  Gatlinburg,  Tennessee,  home 
philanthropy  and  social  pleasure.  One  member  from 
this  club,  Blanche  G.  Reisinger,  235  East  Lafay- 
ette Avenue,  has  managed  a  magazine  subscription 
agency  for  the  benefit  of  the  Settlement  School,  from 
which  over  $100  profit  was  realized  this  past  year. 
There  are  thirty-two  resident  Pi  Phis  in  Baltimore,  of 
whom  sixteen  are  active  workers  in  the  alumnae  club. 
Molly  W.  Wood,  Chestnut  Avenue  and  31st  Street,  is 
secretary  of  the  club. 

BOSTON  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Boston,  Massachusetts,  was 
organized  on  November  9,  1901,  by  the  following  Massa- 
chusetts Alpha  alumnae :  —  Ida  Hodge-Benjamin,  Ethel 
Bancroft-Bicknell,  Nettie  Dodge-Chapman,  Elizabeth 
Coats,  Avice  Williams-Kent,  Mae  Lawrence,  Martha 
Luther,  Winifred  Hill-Maxfield,  Mary  McFall,  Anna 
Robinson-Nickerson  and  Jennie  L.  Ray.  The  club  meets 
regularly  on  the  second  Saturday  of  each  month  and  is 


Burlington  Hospital  and  Pi  Beta  Phi  Room. 


ALUMISLE    CLUBS  143 

usually  attended  by  members  from  the  active  chapter. 
A  committee  of  two  serve  as  hostesses  at  each  meeting. 
The  work  of  the  club  during  the  past  year  has  been  aid- 
ing the  active  chapter  by  taking  charge  of  the  Frater- 
nity home,  renting  a  modern  apartment  and  furnishing 
it.  Next  year  the  work  of  the  club  will  also  include 
furnishing  the  guest  chamber  at  the  Pi  Phi  Settlement 
School  in  Tennessee.  In  this  club  a  scholarship  cup  has 
been  awarded  each  year  to  the  highest  ranking  Pi  Phi 
in  the  sophomore  class  at  Boston  University.  Boston 
has  ninety-five  Pi  Phi  alumnae,  of  whom  forty-one  be- 
long to  the  alumna?  club.  Bertha  A.  Carr,  180  Long- 
wood  Avenue,  Boston,  Massachusetts,  is  the  correspond- 
ing secretary. 

BOULDER  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Boulder,  Colorado,  was 
organized  November  22,  1909,  by  resident  Colorado 
Alpha  alumnae  in  the  interest  of  the  active  chapter,  the 
national  alumnae  and  general  philanthropy.  This  club 
has  fifteen  active  workers.  Mrs.  Paul  M.  Dean,  1931 
Hill  Street,  Boulder,  Colorado,  is  secretary. 

BURLINGTON  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Burlington,  Iowa,  was 
established  in  May,  1906,  through  the  efforts  of  Jessie 
Donnell-Thomas,  Iowa  Alpha,  Bertha  Poehler-Bland, 
Kansas  Alpha,  Edna  Uhler-Gilman,  Illinois  Beta,  and 
Alta  Dutton,  Iowa  Alpha,  and  was  chartered  in  1907. 
This  club  founded  and  maintained  the  Pi  Beta  Phi 
Room  in  the  Burlington  Hospital,  gives  generously  to 
philanthropy  and  the  Settlement  School,  and  has  up- 
held enthusiastically  the  traditions  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  hav- 
ing among  her  members  many  of  our  oldest  alumnae.  It 
has  twenty-two  members.  Katherine  A.  Lundgren,  115 


144  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

North  Gunnison  Street,  Burlington,  Iowa,  is  the  secre- 
tary. 

BURLINGTON  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Burlington,  Vermont, 
was  first  established  on  March  8,  1906,  reorganized  Jan- 
uary 28,  1914,  and  chartered  April  6,  1914,  with  the 
following  charter  members :  —  Daisy  Russel-Drew,  Amy 
Metcalf,  Maude  Chaffee,  Jennie  Rowell,  Mabel  Balch, 
Helen  Barton-Tuttle,  Sylvia  Warren,  Ruth  Gregory, 
Ruth  Catlin,  Bertha  Coventry,  Helen  Durfee,  Alta 
Grismer,  Amy  Wheeler  and  Blanche  Bostwick.  This 
club  offers  a  prize  to  the  active  chapter  for  the  highest 
mark  in  Fraternity  examinations.  It  meets  monthly 
and  devotes  its  time  to  work  for  the  local  chapter  of 
Pi  Beta  Phi,  the  Settlement  School  and  Constitution 
requirements.  It  has  fourteen  working  members.  Ruth 
Durfee,  128  Colchester  Avenue,  Burlington,  Vermont, 
is  the  secretary. 

CARTHAGE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Carthage,  Illinois,  was  or- 
ganized in  1905,  but  was  composed  of  so  few  members 
it  did  not  accomplish  much  in  a  useful  way  until  its 
reorganization  in  1911.  It  became  a  chartered  club  of 
Pi  Beta  Phi  on  December  4,  1914.  It  is  deeply  inter- 
ested in  civic  work  in  its  home  town,  and  through  one 
of  its  members,  Ella  Ferris-Scofield,  has  succeeded  in 
establishing  the  Municipal  Boys'  Work  in  Carthage, 
and  another  member,  Mrs.  Adda  Williams,  secured 
pledges  for  $1800  to  assist  in  maintaining  this  work. 
These  two  Pi  Phis,  ably  supported  by  other  workers, 
have  established  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  Carthage.  Although 
a  small  club,  it  has  held  its  regular  meetings  with  profit 
and  done  its  share  liberally  toward  Pi  Phi  philanthro- 


ALUMNJE    CLUBS  145 

pies.  It  has  an  active  membership  of  only  nine.  Mrs. 
R.  E.  Scofield,  502  Locust  Street,  Carthage,  Illinois,  is 
the  secretary. 

CARLISLE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  is 
a  small,  unchartered  club,  devoting  its  work  and  time 
tx>  the  interest  of  the  active  chapter  at  Carlisle.  Julia 
Morgan  is  the  secretary. 

CENTRAL  ILLINOIS  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  at  Champaign, 
Illinois,  was  established  in  December,  1912,  and  char- 
tered in  March,  1913.  It  works  for  the  interest  of  the 
Pi  Phi  chapter  Illinois  Zeta,  at  Champaign,  and  Settle- 
ment School  in  the  Tennessee  mountains.  One  of  its 
members,  Dell  Gillette  (Morgan),  was  the  first  Pi  Phi 
teacher  in  the  Pi  Phi  Settlement  School.  This  club  has 
fourteen  working  members.  Mrs.  George  Fairclo  is  the 
secretary. 

CHICAGO  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Chicago,  Illinois,  was  first 
organized  on  March  30,  1898,  and  reorganized  on  No- 
vember 25,  1904,  by  members  of  the  Fraternity  from 
Illinois  Delta,  Illinois  Epsilon,  Illinois  Zeta,  Iowa  Al- 
pha, Iowa  Beta,  Iowa  Theta,  Michigan  Alpha,  Michigan 
Beta,  Pennsylvania  Alpha  and  Kansas  Alpha  Chapters. 
Has  held  six  regular  meetings  during  the  year,  having 
rooms  for  same  in  the  Chicago  College  Club,  Stevens' 
Building.  Is  the  largest  alumnae  club  in  the  country 
with  its  one  hundred  and  six  active  members,  and  has 
had  the  management  of  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Settlement 
School,  Gatlinburg,  Tennessee,  since  July,  1912.  It  re- 
ceived its  charter  in  1911.  Mrs.  0.  M.  Schantz,  5215 
West  24th  Street,  Cicero,  Illinois,  is  the  secretary. 

CINCINNATI  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  was  or- 


146  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

ganized  on  April  2,  1910,  by  Susannah  Miles-Kinsey, 
Gertrude  Hancox-Carman,  Stella  Koons  and  Lucy  Mur- 
dock.  With  only  fourteen  members,  this  club  repre- 
sents nine  different  chapters.  It  meets  four  times  a  year 
and  has  worked  and  accomplished  much  for  the  support 
of  the  Pi  Phi  work  in  the  Appalachian  Mountains.  It 
was  chartered  in  1911.  Mrs.  J.  Ernest  Carman,  2346 
Ohio  Avenue,  Cincinnati,  is  the  secretary. 

CLEVELAND  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  was  or- 
ganized on  November  2,  1907,  by  Marie  Bellows-McNitt, 
California  Alpha,  May  Copeland  (Reynolds)  Drybread, 
Michigan  Alpha,  and  Eva  Glass-Lovell,  Iowa  Zeta,  and 
was  chartered  in  May,  1913.  It  meets  monthly  at  the 
home  of  one  of  its  members  for  luncheon,  which  is  in 
charge  of  three  members,  and  is  followed  by  business  and 
work.  This  club  gives  strong  support,  both  moral  and 
financial,  to  the  Settlement  School,  and  is  active  in  lit- 
erary and  philanthropic  work  at  home.  It  has  twenty 
.active  members.  Mrs.  Stanton  Charlesworth,  9707 
Hollingsworth  Court,  Cleveland,  is  secretary. 

COLUMBIA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Columbia,  Missouri, 
was  originally  organized  as  the  Missouri  Alpha  Alumnae 
Club,  but  in  1914  became  the  Columbia  Alumnae  Club. 
It  has  ten  members  and  has  assumed  the  responsibility 
of  raising  funds  for  building  a  Chapter  House  for  the 
Missouri  Alpha  Pi  Phis  at  the  University  of  Missouri. 
Mrs.  Jesse  Snyder,  210  Hicks  Avenue,  is  the  secretary. 

COLUMBUS  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  was 
organized  on  August  17,  1901,  and  chartered  in  May, 
1913.  It  meets  the  first  Thursday  in  every  month,  at 
^six  o'clock,  at  the  homes  of  its  members,  for  supper, 


ALUMNJE    CLUBS  147 

which  is  in  charge  of  the  hostess  and  four  assistants. 
Its  prime  interest  is  in  the  local  chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi. 
Of  the  forty-seven  alumnas  residents  of  Columbus, 
thirty-two  belong  to  this  club.  Earnestine  Ball,  565 
East  Broad  Street,  Columbus,  is  the  secretary. 

DALLAS  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Dallas,  Texas,  is  one  of 
the  youngest  alumnae  clubs,  having  been  chartered  Feb- 
ruary 8,  1915,  with  a  small  but  earnest  membership, 
working  together  in  the  name  and  spirit  of  Pi  Beta  Phi. 
Edith  Daniel,  2205  Live  Oak  Avenue,  Dallas,  is  the 
secretary. 

DECATUR  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Decatur,  Illinois,  was  or- 
ganized in  April,  1912,  and  chartered  May  4,  1914.  It 
meets  monthly,  working  with  the  active  Pi  Phis  of 
James  Millikin  University  to  raise  funds  for  building 
a  Chapter  House  and  home.  This  club  has  shown  a 
deep  interest  in  the  Settlement  School  and  local  char- 
itable work.  It  has  twenty-four  working  members. 
Mrs.  C.  R.  Dick,  440  West  Macon  Street,  is  the  secre- 
tary. 

DENVER  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Denver,  Colorado,  was  es- 
tablished in  1898.  From  the  seventy-five  resident 
alumnae  this  club  draws  thirty  active  members.  Owing 
to  the  proximity  of  the  University  of  Denver  this  club 
devotes  its  meetings  and  work  to  assisting  and  planning 
for  the  active  Pi  Phis  at  home.  It  is  also  much  inter- 
ested in  the  work  of  Pi  Phi  in  the  South,  and  all  Fra- 
ternity enterprises.  Mary  Morse,  1347  High  Street,  is 
the  secretary. 

DES  MOINES  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Des  Moines,  Iowa, 
was  organized  and  established  in  1894  by  Anna  Ross- 


148  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Clark,  Iowa  Lambda  (Callanan),  May  Broadhead- Wal- 
lace, Iowa  Gamma,  and  Lizzie  Case-Howe.  It  was  char- 
tered December  1,  1912.  It  holds  its  meetings  monthly 
at  the  home  of  one  of  its  members  and  is  mainly  of  a 
social  character,  though  it  has  done  much  for  the  Settle- 
ment School  and  general  benevolence.  This  club  issues 
and  sells  a  neat  seal  —  a  diminutive  Pi  Beta  Phi  coat- 
of-arms  —  for  the  benefit  of  the  Settlement  School.  It 
has  forty-eight  members.  Mrs.  C.  H.  Clarke,  1510  9th 
Street,  Des  Moines,  is  the  secretary. 

DETROIT  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Detroit,  Michigan,  was  es- 
tablished October  10,  1901,  by  the  following  eleven  Pi 
Phis:  —  Harriet  Beard,  Mary  Anderson,  Margaret 
Cousin-Robertson,  Frances  Foster,  Clara  Foster-Ram- 
sey, Mary  Thompson-Reid,  Leonore  Smith- Wilson,  Mil- 
dred Smith-Carter,  Helen  Wattles  and  Joanna  Hemp- 
sted,  all  of  Michigan  Beta,  and  Elizabeth  Gamble,  of 
Ohio  Alpha,  and  chartered  March  6,  1914.  It  holds 
regular  meetings  of  a  social  nature  and  is  especially  in- 
terested in  the  welfare  of  Michigan  Beta  Active  Chap- 
ter at  Ann  Arbor.  The  Detroit  Alumnae  Club  has 
twenty-two  members.  Irene  McFadden,  831  3d  Avenue, 
Detroit,  is  the  secretary. 

FAYETTEVILLE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Fayetteville,  Arkan- 
sas, is  the  youngest  Pi  Phi  alumna3  club,  having  been 
established  and  chartered  in  April,  1915,  with  sixteen 
members.  The  organization  was  effected  to  better  work 
for  the  Settlement  School  and  Arkansas  Alpha  Chapter 
of  Pi  Beta  Phi  at  the  University  of  Arkansas.  Mildred 
Gregg,  129  East  Dixon  Street,  Fayetteville,  Arkansas,  is 
secretary. 


Beta  Phi  Room,  Cottage  Hospital,  Galesburg,  Illinois. 


ALUMNJS    CLUBS  149 

FRANKLIN  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Franklin,  Indiana,  was 
organized  in  1893  by  the  resident  alumna?  and  chartered 
in  April,  1908.  It  devotes  its  meetings  to  the  interests 
of  the  active  chapter,  the  Settlement  School  and  national 
affairs  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  Two  members,  Edith  Wilson 
and  Marie  Ditmars,  have  taught  at  our  Settlement 
School  in  Tennessee.  The  club  meets  monthly  at  lunch- 
eon, followed  by  business  and  work.  It  has  twenty-eight 
members.  Frances  M.  Dean,  198  East  Madison  Street, 
Franklin,  is  secretary. 

GALESBURG  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Galesburg,  Illinois,  was 
first  established  in  1885,  reorganized  in  1903,  but  ex- 
isted for  a  year  only.  In  1906  it  was  again  established, 
and  chartered  February  8,  1915,  holding  meetings  on 
the  first  Saturday  of  each  month.  It  has  a  regular  at- 
tendance of  between  sixty  and  seventy  Pi  Phis,  consist- 
ing of  alumnae  and  active  members  from  the  local  chap- 
ters at  Lombard  and  Knox  Colleges.  This  club  main- 
tains a  room  in  the  Galesburg  Hospital  and  handsomely 
supports  the  Settlement  School  in  Tennessee.  Mrs. 
Henry  Lass  is  secretary. 

HILLSDALE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Hillsdale,  Michigan,  is 
composed  of  the  resident  Pi  Phis  of  Hillsdale,  Michigan. 
It  was  first  organized  in  the  Fall  of  1906  and  was  char- 
tered February  7,  1914.  It  has  sixteen  members  and 
devotes  its  meetings  to  the  constitutional  requirements, 
helping  the  active  chapter  and  helping  materially  in 
carrying  on  the  settlement  work  in  Tennessee.  It  fur- 
nished Leah  Stock,  a  volunteer  worker,  to  the  school  in 
1914.  Gladys  J.  Dibble  is  secretary. 

HOUSTON  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Houston,  Texas,  was 


150  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

chartered  in  1912.  This  club  is  purely  a  social  one, 
bringing  Pi  Phis,  away  from  the  college  atmosphere, 
together  to  keep  alive  the  interests  and  ideals  of  Pi  Beta 
Phi.  It  welcomes  visiting  Pi  Phis  and  takes  a  lively  in- 
terest in  local  and  national  philanthropies.  Mrs.  Rod- 
man Cosby,  2308  Genesee  Avenue,  is  secretary. 

INDIANAPOLIS  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Indianapolis,  Indiana, 
was  established  in  1900  through  the  efforts  of  Emily 
Helming,  Fay  Shover,  Lelia  Kennedy-Galpin,  Ethel 
Curry er,  Ethel  Roberts-Loop  and  Gertrude  McCollum- 
Moorhead,  and  was  chartered  in  1915.  Its  meetings  are 
preceded  by  a  luncheon,  and  the  afternoons  are  occupied 
with  sewing  or  other  planned  work,  and  generally  a 
travel  talk  by  some  member  or  guest.  The  club  meets 
every  month,  has  thirty-three  members,  and  is  a  staunch 
friend  of  the  Settlement  School  and  several  local  chari- 
ties. Blessing  Rassmann,  17  North  Arsenal  Avenue, 
Indianapolis,  is  secretary. 

INDIANOLA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Indianola,  Iowa,  was 
holding  meetings  as  long  ago  as  1901,  though  the  earli- 
est record  gives  the  date  as  September  13,  1907.  It  was 
chartered  in  January,  1913.  The  club  holds  monthly 
meetings,  of  a  semi-social  nature,  and  keeps  in  close 
touch  with  Pi  Phi  doings  through  an  actively  interested 
membership  of  eighteen  alumnse,  the  majority  of  whom 
date  their  active  days  back  many  years.  This  club  is 
keenly  interested  in  the  Settlement  School,  having  fur- 
nished the  prizes  in  1914  to  the  members  of  the  Tomato 
Club  at  Gatlinburg.  Mrs.  E.  A.  Jenner  is  secretary. 

IOWA  CITY  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  was  es- 
tablished in  October,  1905,  and  chartered  in  1909.  The 


ALUMNAE    CLUBS  151 

club  holds  itself  responsible  for  the  rent  of  the  active 
Chapter  House  and  takes  a  warm  interest  in  the  Pi  Phis 
at  the  Iowa  State  University,  also  in  the  Pi  Beta  Phi 
Settlement  School  and  local  charities.  It  has  eleven 
members  and  meets  once  a  month.  Mrs.  H.  F.  Wick- 
ham,  911  Iowa  Avenue,  is  the  secretary. 

KANSAS  CITY  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Kansas  City,  Kansas, 
was  established  in  May,  1900,  through  the  influence  and 
efforts  of  Nell  Taylor,  of  Kansas  Alpha,  and  was  char- 
tered in  February,  1913.  Its  meetings  are  monthly,  pre- 
ceded by  a  luncheon,  presided  over  by  the  hostess  and 
three  assistants.  Thirty-five  members  are  included  in 
its  active  list,  and  its  work  is  mainly  social  and  devoted 
to  local  charities.  Constance  Fennel,  931  Cleveland 
Avenue,  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  is  the  secretary. 

LAWRENCE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Lawrence,  Kansas,  was 
organized  December  17,  1898,  and  chartered  April  2, 
1915.  It  meets  quarterly  and  has  fifty  active  alumnae 
members.  The  club,  with  the  active  Pi  Phis  in  the  Uni- 
versity, has  formed  the  "  Kansas  Association  of  Pi  Beta 
Phi  "  for  the  building,  management  and  keeping  up  the 
Chapter  House.  This  club  supports  the  Lucinda  Smith- 
Buchan  Scholarship,  which  is  open  to  any  girl  in  the 
University.  Adrienne  Atkinson,  829  Mississippi  Street, 
is  the  secretary. 

LEWISBURG  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Lewisburg,  Pennsylvania, 
was  established  and  chartered  on  November  3,  1908,  by 
the  resident  Pi  Phis,  through  the  influence  of  Irene 
Fenton-Clinger,  Maryland  Alpha,  of  the  Baltimore 
Alumnae  Club.  It  meets  monthly,  with  twelve  members, 
who  act  as  "  big  sisters  "  to  the  active  Pi  Phis  and  also 


152  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

do  much  in  civic,  literary  and  charity  work.  Mrs.  Frank 
Clinger,  Milton,  Pennsylvania,  is  the  secretary. 

LARAMIE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Laramie,  Wyoming,  was  or- 
ganized and  chartered  on  April  17,  1913,  primarity  for 
organized  assistance  to  the  local  chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi. 
Mrs.  R.  P.  Gottschalk,  Box  347  Laramie,  Wyoming,  is 
the  secretary. 

LINCOLN  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  was 
organized  in  1899  and  chartered  in  September,  1914. 
This  club  has  eighteen  enthusiastic  members,  who  look 
after  the  Nebraska  Beta  Chapter  at  the  University  of 
Nebraska,  and  are  active  in  their  support  of  the  Pi  Beta 
Phi  Settlement  School  at  Gatlinburg  as  well  as  in  na- 
tional Fraternity  affairs  over  the  country.  Recently  this 
club  bought  and  presented  to  the  home  chapter  silver 
for  their  dining-room.  Mary  Spalding,  2221  Sheridan 
Boulevard,  Lincoln,  is  the  secretary. 

LOUISIANA  ALPHA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  was  established  January  24,  1905.  It  has 
eighty-five  members  and  devotes  its  meetings  to  the  in- 
terests of  Louisiana  Alpha  and  her  alumnae.  Mrs.  J. 
Blanc  Monroe,  1424  Louisiana  Avenue,  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  is  the  secretary. 

LOUISVILLE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Louisville,  Kentucky,  was 
organized  in  the  winter  of  1912,  and  owing  to  its  prox- 
imity to  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Settlement  School  has  been 
deeply  and  actively  interested  in  its  development  and 
success.  It  has  twelve  members.  Mrs.  Fred  L.  Koontz, 
2814  Baxter  Avenue,  Louisville,  Kentucky,  is  the  sec- 
retary. 

Los  ANGELES  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Los  Angeles,  Califor- 


S-  r-7. 


ALUMNAE    CLUBS  153 

nia,  was  organized  January  12,  1901,  and  chartered  De- 
cember 13,  1906.  This  club  is  composed  of  Pi  Phis  from 
many  chapters,  and  is  a  wide-awake,  progressive  club. 
It  has  about  one  hundred  members.  Mrs.  Warren 
Smith,  122  North  Oxford  Street,  Los  Angeles,  is  the 
secretary. 

MADISON  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Madison,  Wisconsin,  was 
established  on  June  23,  1900,  but  disbanded  later,  and 
in  1907  was  reorganized  and  chartered.  This  club  meets 
monthly  and  has  been  of  material  strength  and  backing 
to  the  local  chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  and  the  Settlement 
School  in  Tennessee.  It  has  twenty-two  members.  Mrs. 
W.  H.  P.  Peterson,  1726  Van  Hise  Avenue,  is  secretary. 

MINNEAPOLIS  AND  ST.  PAUL  ALUMNAE  CLUB  was  estab- 
lished November  24,  1906,  by  members  of  Minnesota 
Alpha,  and  chartered  in  1909.  It  meets  every  month 
and  has  helped  to  raise  funds  for  the  new  University 
of  Minnesota  Pi  Phi  Chapter  House,  also  for  the  new 
residence  for  teachers  at  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Settlement 
School  at  Gatlinburg,  Tennessee.  One  member  of  this 
club  is  upon  the  Chapter  House  Finance  Committee, 
one  upon  the  Scholarship  Committee,  one  upon  the 
House  Rules  Committee,  and  one  alumna  is  present  at 
every  chapter  meeting.  It  has  a  working  membership 
of  thirty-five  members  and  is  one  of  our  strongest 
alumnae  clubs.  Aimee  W.  Fisher,  2019  Kenwood  Park- 
way, Minneapolis,  is  the  secretary. 

MT.  PLEASANT  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa, 
was  established  in  1894  by  alumnae  of  the  Fraternity 
living  in  Mt.  Pleasant,  and  chartered  in  1915.  It  has 
thirty  members,  meets  monthly,  and  renders  valuable 


154  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

service  to  the  home  chapter,  to  the  Settlement  School 
and  to  local  charities.  It  has  among  its  members  many 
old  I.  C.  alumnae  and  is  a  progressive,  wide-awake  club. 
Mrs.  Calvin  McCoid  is  the  secretary. 

NEW  YORK  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  New  York,  New  York, 
was  organized  November  8,  1902,  and  chartered  in  June, 
1907.  It  meets  on  the  first  Saturday  of  each  month  at 
the  home  of  one  of  its  members.  At  the  Founders'  Day 
luncheon  this  year,  at  the  Hotel  McAlpin,  thirty-one 
chapters  of  Pi  Phis  were  represented.  This  club  has 
fifty-seven  working  members  and  is  keenly  alive  to  all 
Pi  Phi  interests,  supporting  the  Settlement  School  in 
the  South  liberally.  The  plans  for  the  new  teachers ' 
residence  under  way  at  Gatlinburg,  Tennessee,  is  the 
gift  of  the  Misses  Wilson  of  this  club.  The  secretary  is 
Elmina  Wilson,  452  West  149th  Street,  New  York  City. 

NORTHERN  CALIFORNIA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Berkeley,  Cal- 
ifornia, was  established  first  as  the  Berkeley  Alumnse 
Club  in  September,  1907,  by  California  Beta  alumnaa. 
It  was  chartered  December  13,  1913,  and  during  the 
past  year  has  been  actively  engaged  in  making  provi- 
sions for  entertaining  the  23d  National  Biennial  Con- 
vention of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  Mrs.  David  Babcock,  905  Con- 
tra Costa  Avenue,  Berkeley,  is  the  secretary. 

NORTHERN  NEW  YORK  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Canton,  New 
York,  was  organized  with  fourteen  members  under  May 
L.  Keller's  direction  on  March  21,  1914,  and  chartered 
May  8,  1914.  It  meets  monthly  and  is  a  strong  help  to 
the  new  local  chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  Dorothy  Cleave- 
land,  Canton,  New  York,  is  the  secretary. 

OKLAHOMA   ALUMNAE   CLUB,   Oklahoma   City,   Olda- 


ALUMNJE    CLUBS  155 

homa,  was  founded  on  April  28,  1911,  by  Mary  Camp- 
bell, Elizabeth  McMillan,  Nellie  Johnson,  Erma  Rash, 
Carolyn  Wynn  Ledbetter,  Laura  Gray-Hoyt  and  Emma 
P.  Noble.  Its  meetings  are  mainly  of  a  social  nature, 
except  for  complying  with  the  requirements  of  the  Pi 
Phi  Constitution.  C.  Wynn  Ledbetter,  327  Park  Place, 
Oklahoma  City,  is  secretary. 

PHILADELPHIA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Philadelphia,  was  es- 
tablished on  May  25,  1901,  by  Eloise  Schuyler,  Mary  C. 
Johnson-Griffith,  Ethel  Griest-Snyder  and  Deborah  L. 
Ferrier,  and  was  chartered  in  1902.  This  club  meets 
monthly,  and  its  fifty-two  members  have  been  active  in 
past  years  in  helping  with  sewing  and  linen  the  Ken- 
sington Hospital  for  Women,  also  the  active  chapter  at 
Swarthmore  College,  in  the  Big  Sister  Movement  and 
the  Settlement  School  in  Tennessee.  A  loving-cup  is 
offered  annually  for  scholarship  in  the  local  college. 
Edith  S.  Bunting,  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  is  the  secre- 
tary. 

PITTSBURGH  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania, 
was  established  in  the  Spring  of  1907  through  the  ef- 
forts of  Anna  Spears  and  Mary  Loose,  and  was  char- 
tered in  1909.  The  members  are  scattered  over  an  area 
covering  forty  miles.  They  meet  monthly,  and  besides 
devoting  certain  meetings  to  Fraternity  study  and  in- 
terests, sew  for  a  hospital  and  work  for  funds  for  the 
Pi  Phi  Settlement  School.  In  1916  it  will  give  the  com- 
plete furnishings  of  one  of  the  bedrooms  of  the  Settle- 
ment School  Teachers'  residence.  It  has  fourteen  mem- 
bers. Mrs.  H.  E.  McWhinney,  133  East  9th  Avenue, 
Homestead,  Pennsylvania,  is  the  secretary. 


156  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

PORTLAND  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Portland,  Oregon,  first 
met  in  May,  1913,  for  informal  Pi  Phi  reunions,  but  in 
June  an  organization  was  effected,  and  a  charter  taken 
out  in  May,  1914.  Being  near  no  active  chapter,  its 
meetings  are  generally  social  and  semi  informal  and  de- 
voted to  keeping  alive  the  spirit  and  love  of  Pi  Phi.  It 
has  ten  members.  Mrs.  J.  C.  Monteith,  520  Davenport 
Street,  Portland,  Oregon,  is  the  secretary. 

RHODE  ISLAND  ALUMNAE  CLUB  was  established  April 
8,  1911,  by  Carrie  Provan-Crowell,  Helen  D.  Barrett, 
Margaret  Mathison-Poole,  Bertha  M.  Kelsey,  Edith  Car- 
penter and  Laura  Russell  Gibbs,  and  was  chartered  in 
November,  1911.  While  the  members  of  this  small  club 
are  scattered  over  this  smallest  state  of  the  Union,  they 
meet  three  times  each  year  and  are  wide  awake  in  their 
interest  in  Pi  Phi,  each  member  being  an  active  worker 
for  the  support  of  our  Fraternity  Settlement  School. 
The  club  membership  to-day  is  confined  to  five  mem- 
bers. Mrs.  I.  C.  Poole,  204  High  Street,  Fall  River, 
Massachusetts,  is  the  secretary. 

ROCHESTER  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Rochester,  New  York, 
was  organized  on  January  24,  1914,  and  chartered 
March  1,  1914.  It  meets  monthly  and  is  more  social  in 
its  nature  than  working,  though  it  takes  a  deep  interest 
in  everything  connected  with  Pi  Phi  and  bears  its  pro- 
portional burden  of  the  Pi  Phi  Settlement  School.  It 
has  eighteen  mpmbers,  and  Florence  E.  Ford,  189 
Plymouth  Avenue,  Rochester,  New  York,  is  the  secre- 
tary. 

Sioux  CITY  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Sioux  City,  Iowa,  was 
organized  April  28,  1914,  with  the  following  charter 


ALUMN.E    CLUBS  157 

members:  —  Louise  Cody,  Helen  Struble,  Grace  Hamil- 
ton, Mae  Belle  Alstrand-Anderson,  Minnie  Ely-Farr, 
Harriet  Wright-Currey,  Mary  Byrkit-Crouch,  Alma 
Brown,  Cora  Colbert-Derthiek,  Mary  Weiley-Frost, 
Marie  Keefer,  Florence  Benson-Bristol,  Clarice  Lytle, 
Jessie  A.  Matson  and  Velma  Farwell-Smith.  It  has  fif- 
teen members,  and  meets  every  month  at  the  homes  of 
its  members.  It  was  chartered  in  1915.  Clarice  Lytle 
is  the  secretary. 

Sioux  FALLS  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Sioux  Falls,  South  Da- 
kota, was  organized  on  January  31,  1914,  primarily 
through  the  aid  of  Mrs.  Ella  Cummings-Grefe,  of  Iowa, 
for  pleasure  and  to  plan  and  work  for  supporting  the 
Pi  Phi  Settlement  School.  Grace  McKinnon,  516  West 
12th  Street,  is  the  secretary. 

SEATTLE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Seattle,  Washington,  was 
organized  on  September  15,  1906,  under  the  name  of 
the  Puget  Sound  Alumnae  Club,  through  the  efforts  of 
Roberta  Frye-Watt,  Maryland  Alpha,  who  brought  the 
alumnae  together  at  the  time  the  Kappa  Tau  Tau  mem- 
bers were  working  for  a  Pi  Phi  charter.  It  was  char- 
tered in  1907  and  to-day  is  one  of  our  most  active  and 
strongest  clubs,  having  fifty  members.  Marion  L.  Frye, 
618  Terry  Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington,  is  the  secre- 
tary. 

ST.  JOSEPH  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  St.  Joseph,  Missouri,  was 
established  in  October,  1909,  by  Marianna  Schultz-Jones, 
Letitia  Vance-Wood,  Marjorie  Adriance  and  Mildred 
White,  and  chartered  the  following  year.  It  meets 
every  month  in  the  year  and  is  active  in  home  charity 
work,  also  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work  and  supporting  the  Pi  Phi 


158  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Settlement  School.  It  has  ten  members.  Letitia  Wood, 
Krag  Park  Place,  St.  Joseph,  Missouri,  is  secretary. 

ST.  Louis  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  was 
established  on  February  20,  1910,  by  Amanda  Becker- 
Montague,  Olive  Williams-Crosby,  Julia  Griswold, 
Emma  Bettis,  Sarah  Thomas,  Amy  Starbuck,  Marguer- 
ite Frazer  and  Virginia  Harsh.  This  club  is  wide- 
awake and  active,  devoting  its  meetings  to  the  interests 
of  Pi  Phi  and  charity  support.  Recently  it  furnished 
one  room  in  the  new  St.  Louis  Y.  W.  C.  A.  Building, 
and  sent  its  liberal  contribution  to  the  building  fund  of 
the  Pi  Phi  Settlement  School  residence.  It  has  twenty- 
five  members  and  meets  monthly.  Edith  W.  Taylor, 
5241  Maple  Avenue,  St.  Louis,  is  secretary. 

SPRINGFIELD  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Springfield,  Missouri, 
was  organized  on  January  10,  1914,  by  Edith  Baker, 
Delta  Province  vice-president,  and  Ruth  Hubbell,  pri- 
marily for  the  study  of  the  Fraternity  history  and  laws, 
and  to  organize  systematic  work  for  the  Settlement 
School.  It  was  chartered  on  February  7,  1914,  and  has 
twenty  working  members.  Mrs.  John  M.  Sills,  434  Kim- 
borough  Street,  Springfield,  Missouri,  is  the  secretary. 

SPOKANE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Spokane,  Washington,  was 
chartered  in  September,  1914,  to  better  keep  in  touch 
with  the  active  life  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  and  assist  with  the 
upkeeping  of  the  Pi  Phi  Settlement  School  in  the  South. 
Bertha  Bigelow,  103  Bridgeport  Avenue,  Spokane,  is 
the  secretary. 

SYRACUSE  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Syracuse,  New  York,  was 
in  existence  in  October,  1898,  though  reorganized  in 
November,  1904,  by  the  following  New  York  Alpha 


ALUMNAE    CLUBS  159 

alumnae:  —  Olive  Reeve- Waite,  Mabel  Smith  Taylor, 
Leora  Sherwood-Gray,  Georgia  Fulmer-Thayer,  Julia 
Talbott,  Grace  Huff,  May  Bliss,  Alice  Warner  and 
Louise  Warfield,  and  chartered  in  1906.  This  culb  has 
taken  out  incorporation  papers  for  the  purpose  of 
building  and  owning  the  New  York  Alpha  Chapter 
House,  which  was  completed  in  November,  1911.  It 
meets  monthly  and  has  eighteen  members.  Mrs.  L.  A. 
Howell,  622  Park  Avenue,  Syracuse,  New  York,  is  sec- 
retary. 

TOLEDO  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Toledo,  Ohio,  was  first  estab- 
lished September  14,  1909,  but  not  chartered  until  May 
13,  1914.  It  meets  monthly  with  ten  members  and  has 
proven  itself  an  energetic  and  valuable  club  in  its  sup- 
port of  the  Settlement  School.  Harriett  A.  Briggs,  2359 
Warren  Street,  is  the  secretary. 

TOPEKA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  Topeka,  Kansas,  was  first 
established  September  20,  1900,  but  owing  to  its  mem- 
bers removing  from  the  city  it  was  disbanded,  and  then 
again  established  in  July,  1914.  It  meets  regularly, 
though  a  small  club.  Mrs.  Howard  Campbell,  927  West- 
ern Avenue,  Topeka,  is  secretary. 

TORONTO  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Toronto,  Canada,  was  or- 
ganized in  1909,  by  members  of  Ontario  Alpha  alumnae 
particularly  interested  in  developing  the  chapter  life 
and  strength  of  the  Pi  Phi  chapter  at  the  University 
of  Toronto.  It  was  chartered  in  October,  1912,  and 
meets  monthly.  It  offers  a  silver  loving-cup  for  scholar- 
ship, to  be  competed  for  by  the  freshmen  and  sopho- 
mores; keeps  in  touch  with  out-of-town  alumnae  by 
means  of  a  Round  Robin,  one  in  the  Fall  and  one  in 


160  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

the  Spring;  is  active  in  philanthropy,  and  since  the 
European  war  has  spent  much  of  its  time  working  for 
the  Canadian  soldiers  engaged  in  active  service.  M. 
Gordon  Lovell,  119  Madison  Avenue,  Toronto,  Canada, 
is  the  secretary. 

TRI-CITY  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Davenport,  Iowa,  was  or- 
ganized April  27,  1914,  by  the  following  alumnae  :- 
Nancy  Carroll,  Leila  Kemmerer,  Sara  D.  Kemmerer, 
Margaret  Hansen,  Lillian  Noth,  Evelyn  Robberts,  Kath- 
ryn  Robberts,  all  of  Iowa  Zeta,  Edna  Dart,  Kansas  Al- 
pha, and  Helene  Brammer-Drummond,  of  Missouri  Beta. 
This  club  includes  residents  of  Devenport,  Rock  Island 
and  Moline.  The  secretary  is  Leila  Kemmerer,  803  West 
14th  Street,  Davenport,  Iowa. 

TULSA  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Tulsa,  Oklahoma,  is  one  of 
the  smallest  alumnae  clubs  on  the  roll,  having  but  five 
members,  but  they  meet  regularly  and  keep  alive  the 
spirit  and  friendships  in  Pi  Beta  Phi,  and  do  their  best 
to  help  the  work  of  the  Fraternity.  Mrs.  T.  I.  Monroe, 
Seventh  and  Detroit  Avenues,  Tulsa,  Oklahoma,  is  the 
secretary. 

WASHINGTON  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Washington,  D.  C.,  was 
established  October  2,  1893,  and  chartered  December  6, 
1913.  It  meets  every  month,  afternoon  meetings  alter- 
nating with  evening  meetings,  and  some  special  feature 
or  work  is  planned  for  each  meeting.  This  club,  being 
the  originator  of  the  Settlement  School  idea,  has  as- 
sumed an  active  responsibility  for  its  support  and  pol- 
icy. Two  tea  dances  have  been  given  for  the  benefit  of 
the  School  during  the  year,  and  each  member  has  felt 
a  personal  interest  in  making  the  Settlement  School  pro- 


ALUMNJB    CLUBS  161 

ductive  of  as  great  good  as  possible.  Being  in  the  home 
city  of  Columbia  Alpha,  it  has  also  had  a  general  over- 
sight and  personal  interest  in  the  active  Pi  Phis  of 
Wasington  and  has  helped  substantially  in  furnishing 
the  chapter  rooms.  It  has  thirty  members,  and  Rhoda 
Watkins,  1429  Clifton  Street,  is  the  secretary. 

WACO  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Waco,  Texas,  was  organized 
in  the  Spring  of  1913,  by  Texas  Alpha  alumnae  living  in 
Waco.  It  meets  quarterly,  complying  with  the  require- 
ments of  the  Constitution,  and  divides  its  time  and  sup- 
port between  the  active  chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  and  the 
Settlement  School  at  Gatlinburg.  Monette  Colgin,  1902 
Austin  Street,  Waco,  is  the  secretary. 

WESTERN  MASSACHUSETTS  ALUMNAE  CLUB  was  estab- 
lished February  19,  1910,  by  Grace  Goodhue-Coolidge, 
Vermont  Beta,  Anna  J.  Berry,  Colorado  Beta,  Sarah 
Pomeroy-Rugg,  Massachusetts  Alpha,  Laura  S.  Clark, 
Vermont  Alpha,  Grace  Hayes,  Vermont  Beta,  Beulah 
Hayes,  Vermont  Beta,  Annie  Jones,  Massachusetts  Al- 
pha, Helen  Ames,  Kansas  Alpha,  Florence  Bastert,  Illi- 
nois Beta,  Fannie  Denio,  New  York  Alpha,  Louise  Rich- 
ardson, Massachusetts  Alpha,  Myrtle  Mosier,  Vermont 
Alpha,  Ruth  Christesen,  Washington  Alpha,  and  Ethel 
K.  Cedarstrom,  of  Massachusetts  Alpha,  and  chartered 
in  1912.  This  club  holds  four  meetings  each  year  and 
its  prime  object  is  to  keep  alive  the  Fraternity  spirit 
and  in  touch  with  current  Pi  Phi  work  and  interests 
among  the  Smith  College  students  at  Northampton  and 
the  scattered  Pi  Phis  of  western  Massachusetts.  Amy 
L.  Wallon  is  secretary. 

WOOSTER  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  Wooster,  Ohio,  was  origi- 


162  PI   BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

nally  the  Ohio  Gamma  Club,  and  organized  when  the 
Wooster  Chapter  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  became  inactive  on 
February  14,  1913.  Its  members  are  composed  entirely 
of  Ohio  Gamma  alumnae,  who  come  from  far  and  near 
three  times  each  year  to  keep  alive  the  friendships  and 
teachings  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  It  was  chartered  in  1913 
with  thirty-seven  members,  twelve  only  of  whom  are 
residents  of  Wooster.  The  reestablishing  of  fraternities 
at  Wooster  University  has  been  their  hope,  and  the  Set- 
tlement School  in  Gatlinburg,  Tennessee,  their  object  of 
labor.  Ellen  F.  Boyer,  624  West  Market  Street,  Orr- 
ville,  Ohio,  is  the  secretary. 

YORK  ALUMNAE  CLUB,  of  York,  Nebraska,  was  organ- 
ized in  December,  1913,  during  the  visit  of  Anne  Stuart, 
Grand  Treasurer,  with  fifteen  members.  Hazel  Thomp- 
son is  secretary, 


"  To  be  what  we  are,  and  to  become  what  we  are  capa- 
ble of  becoming,  is  the  only  end  of  life." — STEVENSON. 


Initiates  of  Virginia  Alplia. 


CHAPTER   X 

INCORPORATION 

THE  Convention  of  1888  appointed  an  Incorporating 
Committee  composed  of  G.  I.  R.  Ramie  Adamson-Small, 
of  Illinois  Beta,  G.  R.  S.  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Indiana 
Alpha,  and  Sude  Weaver  (Evans),  Iowa  Epsilon  (Cal- 
lanan),  to  which  was  added  Emma  Humphrey-Haddock, 
LL.  B.,  of  Iowa  Zeta,  and  Emily  Brooks  (Harrison), 
of  Minnesota  Alpha.  Under  the  able  legal  supervision 
of  Mrs.  Haddock,  the  necessary  data  was  gotten  together 
for  incorporating  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity.  Then,  with 
the  consent  of  the  Grand  Council,  the  power  to  incor- 
porate was  given  over  to  a  committee  of  Pi  Beta  Phi 
residents  of  Galesburg,  Illinois,  composed  of  Elizabeth 
L.  Smith,  Illinois  Delta,  Elizabeth  Eaton-Brown,  Illinois 
Alpha,  Grace  Lass  (Sisson),  Illinois  Delta,  Alice  C. 
Stewart  (Wolf),  Illinois  Delta,  Lizzie  Wigle  (Ander- 
son), Illinois  Beta,  Anna  Ross  (Lapham),  Illinois  Beta, 
and  Grace  Harsh,  Illinois  Beta.  On  October  8,  1889, 
the  petition  for  a  charter  of  incorporation  was  for- 
warded to  J.  N.  Pearson,  Secretary  of  State  of  Illinois, 
to  be  granted  under  the  Act  of  the  General  Assembly, 
entitled  "  An  Act  Concerning  Corporations, "  approved 
April  18,  1872.  On  October  14,  1889,  the  Charter  was 
received  from  the  Secretary  of  State,  was  duly  recorded 
in  the  Knox  County  records,  and  Pi  Beta  Phi  became 

165 


166  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

an  incorporated  body,  with  Mrs.  Small,  Emma  Harper 
Turner,  Elva  Plank  and  Lizzie  Flagler  directors  for 
the  first  year.  This  made  her  legally  capable  of  suing 
and  being  sued,  owning  property  and  entering  into  large 
business  negotiations,  and  gave  her  a  much  desired  legal 
standing. 


That  love  for  one,  from  which  there  doth  not  spring 
Wide  love  for  all,  is  but  a  worthless  thing." 


CHAPTER   XI 

GRAND  OFFICERS 

OFFICERS  of  ALPHA  Chapter  from  1867  to  1884  were 
the  Grand  Officers  of  the  entire  organization :  — 

1867.  President,  Emma  Brownlee   (Mrs.  J.  C.  Kil- 
gore)  ;  Secretary,  Nannie  Black  (Mrs.  Robert  Wallace)  ; 
Treasurer,  Maggie  Campbell  (Mrs.  J.  R.  Hughes). 

1868.  President,  Ada  Bruen  (Mrs.  James  A.  Grier)  ; 
Secretary,  Jennie  Home  (Mrs.  Thomas  B.  Turnbull). 

1870.  President,  Libbie  Brook  (Mrs.  John  H.  Gad- 
dis). 

1872.  President,  Louise  Carrithers  (Mrs.  J.  H.  Mor- 
rison) ;  Secretary,  Emma  Madden;  Recording  Secre- 
tary, Mary  Sterrett. 

1878.  President,  Emma  Patton  (Mrs.  C.  M.  Noble), 
Iowa  Beta. 

1880.  President,  Lillie  Cooper  (Mrs.  W.  H.  Weber)  ; 
Secretaries,  lola  Hoover  (Mrs.  Melville  Loftin),  Laura 
Light  (Mrs.  Charles  Vance). 

1882.  President,  Cora  Panabaker;  Secretary,  Celia 
Hefter. 

1884.  President,  Nell  Custer  (Mrs.  S.  A.  Swisher)  ; 
Secretary,  Elva  Plank,  of  Bloomfield,  Iowa. 

Elected  at  convention,  and  to  serve  during  the  interim 
of  conventions,  and  at  the  following  convention :  — 

169 


170  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

1884.  Grand   I.   R.,   Nell   Ouster    (Swisher),   Iowa 
Zeta;    Grand  Scribe,  Emma  Livingston   (Wing),  Illi- 
nois Beta;    Grand  Quaestor,  Jean  Oliver  (Humphrey), 
Kansas  Alpha. 

1885.  G.   I.   R,,   Rainie  Adamson    (Small),   Illinois 
Beta;  G.  R.  S.,  Elva  Plank,  Iowa  Epsilon  (Bloomfield)  ; 
Grand  Scribe,  Belle  ReQua-Leech,  Iowa  Alpha  (Semi- 
nary);    Grand  Quaestor,  Julia  Ferris  (Hubbs),  Illinois 
Gamma  (Carthage). 

1886.  G.  I.  R.,  Rainie  Adamson-Small,  Illinois  Beta; 
G.  R.  S.,  Elva  Plank  (Bloomfield) ;   Grand  Scribe,  Belle 
ReQua-Leech,  Mt.  Pleasant  Seminary;   Grand  Quaestor, 
Lizzie  Flagler,  Iowa  Theta  (Ottumwa). 

1888.  G.  I.  R.,  Rainie  Adamson-Small,  Illinois  Beta ; 
G.  R.  S.,  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Indiana  Alpha ;  Grand 
Scribe,  Lizzie  Flagler,  Iowa  Theta;  Grand  Quaestor, 
Elva  Plank  (Bloomfield). 

1890.  Grand  President,  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Co- 
lumbia Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Minnie  H. 
Newby  (Ricketts),  Michigan  Beta;  Grand  Secretary, 
Sude  Weaver  (Evans),  Iowa  Epsilon  (Callanan)  ; 
Grand  Treasurer,  Georgiana  Rowland,  Colorado  Alpha; 
Grand  Historian,  Rainie  Adamson-Small,  Illinois  Beta; 
Grand  Guide,  Helen  Sutliff,  Kansas  Alpha. 

1892.  Grand  President,  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Co- 
lumbia Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Mira  Troth, 
Iowa  Zeta;  Grand  Secretary,  Minnie  H.  Newby 
(Ricketts),  Michigan  Beta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Helen 
Sutliff,  Kansas  Alpha ;  Grand  Historian,  May  Copeland 
(Reynolds)  (Drybread),  Michigan  Alpha;  Granl  Guide, 
Elizabeth  Flagler,  Iowa  Theta. 


GRAND    OFFICERS  171 

1893.  Grand  President,  Helen  B.  Sutliff,  Kansas 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Corinne  Super-Stine, 
Ohio  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Grace  Lass  (Sisson),  Il- 
linois Delta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Lucinda  Smith  (Bu- 
chan),  Kansas  Alpha;  Grand  Historian,  Olive  Mc- 
Henry,  Iowa  Alpha ;  Grand  Guide,  Edna  A.  Clark,  Co- 
lumbia Alpha. 

1895.  Grand  President,  Grace  Lass  (Sisson),  Illinois 
Delta;  Grand  Vice-President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colo- 
rado Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Florence  P.  Chase 
(Cass),  Michigan  Alpha;  Grand  Treasurer,  Lucinda 
Smith  (Buchan),  Kansas  Alpha;  Grand  Guide,  Edith 
Ingersoll,  Colorado  Beta ;  Historian,  Susan  Lewis,  Mich- 
igan Beta. 

1897.  Grand  President,  Grace  Lass-Sisson,  Illinois 
Delta;  Grand  Vice-President,  Grace  Grosvenor  (Shep- 
ard),  Ohio  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Ethel  B.  Allen 
(Hamilton),  Kansas  Alpha;  Grand  Treasurer,  Lucinda 
Smith  (Buchan),  Kansas  Alpha;  Grand  Guide,  Char- 
lotte Allen-Farnsworth,  Colorado  Alpha;  Historian, 
Susan  Lewis,  Michigan  Beta. 

1899.  Grand  President,  Elsie  Bradford  (Johnson), 
Columbia  Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Elizabeth 
Gamble,  Colorado  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Mary  Bar- 
tol  (Theiss),  Pennsylvania  Beta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Ida 
G.  Smith  (Griffith),  Kansas  Alpha;  Arrow  Editor, 
Florence  Porter  Robinson,  Wisconsin  Alpha ;  Historian, 
Susan  Lewis,  Michigan  Beta. 

1901.  Grand  President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Fanny  K.  Read  (Cook), 
Michigan  Beta;  Grand  Secretary,  Mary  Bartol,  Penn- 


172  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

sylvania  Beta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Martha  N.  Kimball, 
Colorado  Beta;  Arrow  Editor,  Florence  Porter  Robin- 
son, Wisconsin  Alpha;  Historian,  Susan  Lewis,  Mich- 
igan Beta. 

1904.  Grand  President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado 
Alpha;  Grand  Yice-President,  May  Copeland-Reynolds 
(Drybread),  Michigan  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Mary 
Bartol-Theiss,  Pennsylvania  Beta;  Grand  Treasurer, 
Martha  N.  Kimball,  Colorado  Beta;  Arrow  Editor, 
Florence  Porter  Robinson,  Winconsin  Alpha ;  Historian, 
Susan  Lewis,  Michigan  Beta. 

1906.  Grand  President,  Elizabeth  Gamble,  Colorado 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  May  Copeland-Reynolds 
(Drybread),  Michigan  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Elda 
L.  Smith,  Illinois  Epsilon;  Grand  Treasurer,  Martha 
N.  Kimball,  Colorado  Beta;  Arrow  Editor,  Florence 
Porter  Robinson,  Wisconsin  Alpha;  Historian,  Jean- 
nette  Zeppenfeld,  Indiana  Alpha. 

1908.  Grand  President,  May  Lansfield  Keller,  Mary- 
land Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Cora  Emilie  Mar- 
low  (Kerns),  Minnesota  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Elda 
L.  Smith,  Illinois  Epsilon;  Grand  Treasurer,  Celeste 
Bush  Janvier,  Louisiana  Alpha;  Arrow  Editor,  Mary 
Bartol-Theiss,  Pennsylvania  Beta;  Alumnae  Editor, 
Sarah  G.  Pomeroy  (Rugg),  Massachusetts  Alpha;  His- 
torian, Jeannette  Zeppenfeld,  Indiana  Alpha. 

1910.  Grand  President,  May  L.  Keller,  Maryland 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Anna  Jackson-Branson, 
Pennsylvania  Alpha;  Grand  Secretary,  Julia  E.  Rog- 
ers, Iowa  Zeta;  Grand  Treasurer,  Celeste  B.  Janvier, 
Louisiana  Alpha;  Arrow  Editor,  Mary  Bartol-Theiss, 


GRAND    OFFICERS  173 

Pennsylvania  Beta;  Alumnae  Editor,  Sophie  P.  Wood- 
man, New  York  Beta;  Historian,  Kate  King-Bostwick, 
Michigan  Alpha. 

1912.  Grand  President,  May  L.  Keller,  Maryland 
Alpha;  Grand  Vice-President,  Lida  Burkhard-Lardner, 
Colorado  Beta;  Grand  Secretary,  Amy  B.  Onken,  Illi- 
nois Epsilon;  Grand  Treasurer,  Anne  Stuart,  Nebraska 
Beta;  Arrow  Editor,  Sarah  G.  Pomeroy  (Rugg),  Mass- 
achusetts Alpha;  Alumnae  Editor,  Sophie  P.  Woodman, 
New  York  Beta;  Historian,  Elizabeth  Clarke-Helmick, 
Michigan  Alpha. 


"  The  pleasant est  things  in  the  world  are  pleasant 
thoughts,  and  the  great  art  in  life  is  to  have  as  many  of 
them  as  possible."  —  BOVEE. 


Missouri  Alpha. 


CHAPTER   XII 

THE  FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE 

IN  August,  1882,  Mrs.  Belle  ReQua-Leech,  of  Mt. 
Pleasant,  began  agitating  the  subject  of  a  Fraternity 
magazine;  at  the  Burlington  Convention  of  I.  C.,  in 
the  following  October,  this  subject  was  first  brought  of- 
ficially before  the  Convention,  and  it  was  then  voted 
"  to  publish  when  funds  would  permit,  a  magazine  de- 
voted to  literary  purposes,  and  the  interests  of  the  soci- 
ety, "  and  to  obtain  "  all  the  information  possible  con- 
cerning the  condition  of  the  different  chapters  in  each 
state."  A  motion  to  make  it  a  monthly  magazine  was 
withdrawn  from  the  Convention  after  a  lively  discus- 
sion. While  this  legislation  was  enacted  and  is  embod- 
ied in  the  official  records  of  the  Convention,  nothing  was 
done  about  the  matter  until  the  next  Convention,  at 
Iowa  City.  On  November  20,  1884,  the  Chair  appointed 
Jean  Oliver  (Humprey),  Kansas  Alpha,  Jennie  B.  Con- 
ger, Illinois  Beta,  and  Emma  White  ( Shellenberger) , 
Iowa  Zeta,  a  committee  on  Fraternity  magazine.  Upon 
receiving  their  report  the  following  day,  it  was  voted 
to  make  the  magazine  a  quarterly,  and  again  a  similar 
motion  to  the  above  was  put  before  Convention,  with  the 
addition  "  that  a  committee  be  appointed  to  arrange  for 
the  publication  of  the  magazine."  This  motion  was  en- 
thusiastically carried,  and  the  Chair  appointed  Mary 

177 


178  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

E.  Miller  '(Barnes),  of  Lawrence,  Kansas,  and  Mrs. 
Estella  Walter-Ball,  of  Iowa  City,  with  the  additions  of 
the  G.  I.  R.  Nell  Ouster  (Swisher),  of  Iowa  City,  and 
Scribe  Emma  Livingston  (Wing),  of  Lombard  College, 
as  the  first  Magazine  Committee,  and  under  date  of  May, 
1885,  appears  "  Volume  I,  Number  1,  of  the  Arrow,  the 
official  organ  of  Pi  Beta  Phi."  It  came  off  the  press 
•of  Foley's  Water  Power  Printing  Establishment,  Law- 
rence, Kansas,  under  the  able  management  of  Kansas 
Alpha,  with  Mary  E.  Miller  (Barnes)  editor-in-chief, 
Mary  G.  Gilmore  (Allen)  and  Nettie  Hubbard  (Bolles), 
of  Lawrence,  associate  editors,  and  Sue  Miles  (Kinsey), 
of  Kansas  Alpha,  as  business  manager.  Its  cover  is 
blue;  and  enclosed  in  a  rectangle  4  x  7,  at  the  top,  is 
k< '  THE  ARROW  ' '  in  large  letters ;  in  the  center  is  a  mys- 
tic design,  upon  a  pedestal  a  burning  lamp,  shedding 
its  brilliant  rays  of  light,  in  which  can  be  seen  the  sign 
I.  C. ;  hanging  from  the  lamp  is  our  Arrow;  at  the 
back  of  the  pedestal  is  a  strong  chest,  bearing  the  in- 
scription IIB<£,  and  back  of  the  chest  an  ancient  shield 
.and  crossed  spears.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  fifteen 
associate  editors,  one  from  each  active  chapter,  aided 
in  getting  out  the  twenty  pages  of  this  first  number. 
Our  Founding  Song,  by  Ethel  Beecher  Allen  (Hamil- 
ton), of  Kansas  Alpha,  occupies  the  first  page  of  the 
literary  matter,  and  a  little  over  one  page  is  given  to 
the  report  of  the  Iowa  City  Convention  of  1884.  A 
page  on  "  Public  Opinion/'  from  the  pen  of  Idelleta 
Dunn  (Kruger),  "  The  Genesis  of  Kappa  "  (Kansas 
Alpha),  by  Sara  Richardson,  of  Lawrence,  giving  a  val- 
uable and  interesting  account  of  the  methods  used  in 


THE    FRATERNITY    MAGAZINE          179 

establishing  our  early  chapters,  two  pages  of  editorials, 
two  pages  of  personals,  thirteen  chapter  letters,  and  a 
poem  by  Alma  Devore  (Miles),  of  Illinois  Beta,  com- 
pletes the  number,  and  it  is  one  that  we  are  proud  of 
to-day  —  thirty  years  after.  On  the  second  page,  under 
the  title,  The  Arrow,  is  this  message :  — 

Its  mission  is  to  cheer  and  bless 
Where'er  its  lot  be  cast, 
And  come  what  may  of  weal  or  woe, 
Be  faithful  to  the  last." 

The  price  of  subscription  was  one  dollar  in  advance. 
There  are  no  advertisements  nor  illustrations. 

No.  2  of  Volume  I  is  not  extant  as  far  as  known,  also 
No.  1,  of  Volume  II,  but  the  second  number  of  Volume 
II,  and  all  the  succeeding  numbers  up  to  the  present 
time,  are  among  the  Historian's  files.  This  second  vol- 
ume has  a  light  blue  cover,  with  wine-colored  bands  and 
fancy  conventional  designs,  and  on  the  outside  cover, 
the  words,  "  The  Arrow,  February,  1886,"  in  gold.  On 
the  second  page  of  the  cover  is  shown  the  table  of  con- 
tents. Josephine  March  (Marvin)  is  literary  and  ex- 
change editor,  Mary  G.  Gilmore  (Allen),  chapter  letters 
and  personals  editor,  and  Clara  Poehler  (Means)  is  bus- 
iness manager,  while  the  editorial  board  consists  of 
Josephine  March  (Marvin),  editor-in-chief,  Ethel  B. 
Allen  (Hamilton),  literary  editor,  Mary  Gilmore 
(Allen),  corresponding  editor,  with  eighteen  associate 
editors,  or  one  from  each  active  chapter.  There  are 
thirty-five  pages  of  reading  matter  and  one  advertise- 
ment. It  is  noticed  on  the  frontispiece  page  that  the 


180  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

legend  reads,  "  The  Arrow,  official  organ  of  I.  C.  Soro- 
sis,  Pi  Beta  Phi/'  The  first  two  pages  are  given  to  a 
11  Convention  Ode/7  written  by  Ethel  B.  Allen  (Ham- 
ilton), of  Kansas  Alpha.  The  words  of  the  chorus 
are:  — 

"  Hail  to  thee,  our  old  I.  C., 

We  hail  thee  with  the  charm  Pi  Beta  Phi, 

No  other  earthly  passion  e'er  can  vie 

With  the  love  we  sisters  have  for  old  I.  C. 

Come  wine  and  garnet  and  the  blue, 

The  hues  that  sweetly  tell 

Of  pure  love  warm  and  passion  deep, 

That  binds  us  in  their  spell; 

'Twas  Cupid  mingled  them  for  ua 

When,  wounded  by  our  dart, 

He  stole  his  mother's  cestus  blue 

To  bind  his  bleeding  heart." 

Four  pages  are  given  to  the  Lawrence  Convention  notes, 
two  pages  to  the  report  of  the  Grand  Illustra  Regina, 
eight  pages  to  the  reports  of  delegates  from  fourteen 
chapters,  three  pages  to  (i  Convention  Hilarities,"  in 
which  the  "  cookie  shine  "  played  a  prominent  part, 
four  pages  to  editorials,  six  pages  to  personals,  with 
three  pages  given  to  "  Parthian  Shafts,"  corresponding 
to  our  present  Exchanges,  and  one  page  of  advertise- 
ments on  the  inside  of  the  back  cover. 

In  1886,  by  a  vote  of  the  Convention,  "  the  Arrow 
representative  was  given  the  same  privileges  and  rights 
as  the  other  delegates,"  also  it  was  voted  that  the  "  ex- 
pense of  supporting  our  magazine  be  distributed  among 
the  chapters  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  active  mem- 
bers in  each;  "  also  it  was  voted  that  "  each  chapter 


THE    FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE          181 

shall  elect  a  regular  correspondent  to  the  Arrow. "  The 
business  manager  reported  $180  turned  in,  against  $149 
paid  out.  Here,  early  in  her  life,  Kansas  Alpha  demon- 
strated her  ability  and  power  to  overcome  great  obsta- 
cles, and  grasped  that  first  opportunity  given  her  to 
establish  a  high  ranking  position  in  the  Fraternity's 
welfare.  Her  succeeding  editor  pays  her  the  following 
tribute :  —  *  *  Too  much  cannot  be  said  in  praise  of  our 
Lawrence  sisters  for  the  ability  and  success  with  which 
they  have  conducted  the  Arrow  in  the  past  two  years. 
Amid  hindrances  and  delays  most  aggravating,  lack  of 
financial  support,  and  especially  the  countless  difficulties 
of  the  beginning  of  such  work,  they  have  succeeded  in 
producing  a  really  valuable  magazine  which  ranks  well 
with  other  publications  of  like  nature." 

With  Volume  HI,  No.  1,  December,  1886,  the  Arrow 
passed  from  the  hands  of  Kansas  Alpha  to  the  Iowa  City 
chapters.  It  was  now  printed  on  the  press  of  the  Re- 
publican Print,  of  Iowa  City.  The  covers  were  a  plain 
light  blue,  with  "  The  Arrow  "  and  the  date  across  the 
front.  The  editorial  staff  consists  of  Mrs.  Emma  Hum- 
phrey-Haddock, LL.  B.,  editor-in-chief,  Lillie  M.  Selby 
(Moor)  and  Gertrude  Dawley,  associate  editors,  and 
Hattie  E.  Cochran  (Robinson)  (Dayton),  business  man- 
ager, all  of  Iowa  City. 

With  Volume  IV,  No.  1,  December,  1887,  the  editorial 
staff  changes  to  Belle  T.  Hudson  (Cartwright),  editor- 
in-chief,  and  Addie  I.  Dickey  (Tuthill)  and  Eva  Elliott 
(Mahler),  associate  editors.  On  February  8,  1888,  Hat- 
tie  Cochran,  the  able  business  manager,  changed  her 
name  to  Mrs.  E.  Edwin  Robinson.  Under  these  bright 


182  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

and  progressive  minds  the  Arrow  grew  better  with 
each  number.  Therefore  at  the  Ottumwa  Convention, 
in  1888,  it  was  voted  to  continue  the  publication  with 
the  Iowa  City  chapters.  There  is,  however,  a  very 
noticeable  change  in  the  appearance  of  the  Arrow. 
With  Volume  V,  No.  1,  the  pages  are  slightly  larger, 
and  the  type  has  been  changed  to  a  larger  style.  Eg- 
bert, Fidlar  &  Chambers,  of  Davenport,  Iowa,  are  the 
publishers.  The  title-page,  on  light  chocolate  colored 
paper,  shows  for  the  first  time  our  familiar  Pi  Beta  Phi 
scroll,  pierced  by  the  Arrow  with  its  winged  IIB<£,  and 
above  the  monogram  <|?  shedding  its  rays  and  light  upon 
the  manuscript  resting  on  an  olive  branch.  In  full-face 
type  below  is  printed  the  name  THE  ARROW,  and  date. 
The  editorial  staff  consists  of  Ella  M.  Ham  (Robinson), 
editor-in-chief,  Mira  Troth  and  Eva  M.  Elliott  (Mah- 
ler), associate  editors,  Carrie  Dorr  (Elliott),  exchange 
editor,  and  Mrs.  Robinson  still  business  manager,  with 
seventeen  chapter  correspondents.  The  spirit  and  at- 
mosphere of  the  Fraternity  world  of  this  period  radi- 
ates from  every  page  of  the  bright  volume.  If  a  chap- 
ter ever  becomes  discouraged,  let  it  pull  down  this  vol- 
ume and  read,  and  wake  up  to  the  realization  that  only 
hard  work  and  honest,  faithful  loyalty  to  the  ideals  of 
the  Fraternity  will  bring  an  overflowing  abundance  of 
satisfactory  results. 

No.  1,  Volume  VI,  September,  1889,  published  by  the 
same  chapters,  and  in  size  and  type  the  same,  comes  out 
with  a  sligthly  changed  editorial  staff.  Mira  Troth  be- 
comes editor-in-chief,  Ella  M.  Ham  (Robinson),  business 
manager,  and  the  new  members  of  the  staff  are  Bessie 


THE    FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE          183 

E.  Peery  and  Cora  Ross  (Clarke),  associate  editors,  and 
Edna  McElravy  (Smalley-Kelly),  exchange  editor.  In 
the  issue  of  March,  1890,  No.  3  of  Volume  VI,  Mrs.  Rob- 
inson takes  the  place  of  Cora  Ross  (Clarke)  as  one  of 
the  associate  editors.  The  June  number  contains  the 
Historical  Sketch  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  prepared  by  Helen 
Sutliff,  Kansas  Alpha,  for  the  Eleventh  Grand  Alpha. 

In  March,  1891,  Volume  VII,  No.  3,  the  editorial 
staff  is  cut  down  to  the  editor-in-chief,  Mira  Troth,  and 
Ella  M.  Ham  (Robinson).  These  Arrows,  under  the 
management  of  the  Iowa  City  chapters,  show  brilliancy 
of  mind  and  good  business  ability. 

The  Arrow  at  this  time  has  just  double  the  pages  of 
the  first  issue,  and  a  liberal  amount  of  advertisements. 

Volume  VIII  reverts  to  the  old  size  and  small  type, 
with  the  same  editors  in  charge.  Advertisements  ap- 
pear both  before  and  after  the  body  matter  of  the  mag- 
azine. There  is  no  No.  4  to  Volume  VIII. 

In  1892,  the  Convention  at  Lawrence  voted  to  trans- 
fer the  publication  of  the  Arrow  from  Iowa  City  to  Ann 
Arbor,  Michigan  Beta,  at  the  University  of  Michigan, 
and  thus  terminated  the  very  successful  and  satisfactory 
business  career  of  our  Arrow  with  the  enterprising  Iowa 
chapters.  This  covered  the  most  critical  period  of  the 
Fraternity's  life,  and  the  Arrow  at  these  crucial  mo- 
ments proved  a  support  and  strength  to  the  organiza- 
tion. The  chapter  letters  of  those  days  are  well  worth 
reading  over  again  to-day. 

The  new  editorial  board  at  Ann  Arbor  was  made  up 
of  Mary  B.  Thompson  (Reid)  as  editor-in-chief,  Flor- 
ence E.  Wolfenden  as  business  manager,  and  the  print- 


184  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

ing  was  done  by  the  Register  Publishing  Company,  of 
Ann  Arbor.  No.  1  of  Volume  IX  has  the  first  illustra- 
tion ever  printed  in  the  Arrow.  It  is  a  full-page  pic- 
ture of  H.  Sophie  Newcomb  Memorial  College  for 
women  at  New  Orleans,  rear  view,  showing  the  labor- 
atory. This  number  also  inaugurated  the  "  What  a 
Fraternity  Girl  Thinks  "  department  of  the  Arrow. 

Volume  X,  No.  1,  Mrs.  Lucy  Parker-Huber  takes  the 
business  management,  and  Mary  Clark  Bancker,  of  Ox- 
ford, Ohio,  becomes  alumnae  editor.  Again,  the  follow- 
ing year,  in  October,  1894,  there  is  a  change,  and  Mary 
Thompson  (Reid)  takes  up  the  duties  of  editor-in-chief 
and  Miriam  Dunbar  assumes  the  business  management. 
A  very  valuable  feature  introduced  and  developed  by 
the  Michigan  Beta  management  was  the  illustrations. 
In  No.  4  of  this  volume,  we  find  the  first  group  of  active 
Pi  Phis  —  the  Pennsylvania  Beta  girls.  The  Michigan 
Beta  influence  was  felt  strongly  during  her  term  of  of- 
fice. She  had  excellent  material,  both  active  and 
alumnae,  and  the  fine  spirit  and  progressive  methods 
and  untiring  efforts  kept  the  Arrow  well  to  the  front 
in  the  fraternity  magazine  world. 

In  1895,  the  publication  was  transferred  to  Pennsyl- 
vania Alpha,  at  Swarthmore  College.  The  Inland 
Press,  of  Ann  Arbor,  ran  off  Volume  XII,  No.  1,  with 
Lauretta  T.  Smedley  (Button)  as  editor-in-chief  and 
Sarah  Bancroft  (Clark)  as  business  manager.  Before 
the  time  for  issuing  the  second  number,  however,  cir- 
cumstances made  it  seem  best  to  transfer  the  Arrow's 
home  to  Wisconsin  Alpha,  at  the  University  of  Wiscon- 
sin, at  Madison.  Jessie  C.  Craig  (Campbell)  took  up 


THE    FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE          185 

the  pen  of  the  editor-in-chief  and  Alice  B.  Dacy  (Ber- 
genthal)  the  responsibilities  of  business  manager,  with 
Tracy  Gibbs  &  Co.,  of  Madison,  doing  the  printing. 
The  covers  and  style  of  the  magazine  remained  practi- 
cally unchanged. 

With  the  first  number  of  Volume  XIII,  November, 
1896,  there  is  quite  a  noticeable  change  in  the  appear- 
ance of  the  magazine.  An  elaborate  scroll  design  in 
black  and  white  adorns  the  outside  title-page,  the  type 
and  pages  are  slightly  larger,  and  illustrations  are 
numerous.  Florence  Porter  Robinson,  as  exchange  edi- 
tor, makes  her  maiden  bow,  and  the  pages  of  reading 
matter  are  increased.  Emma  S.  Hutchinson  (Conrow), 
Pennsylvania  Alpha,  was  alumna?  editor  during  1897- 
1899. 

At  the  Convention  of  1897,  at  Madison,  Wisconsin, 
the  Fraternity  voted  to  gurantee  the  Arrow  Editor  $100 
a  year  as  compensation,  and  also  "  that  an  advisory 
board  of  three  members  be  appointed  by  the  Arrow 
Editor  to  consult  with  her  regarding  Arrow  work." 
This  latter  legislation  was  quickly  carried  into  effect. 

With  the  October,  1897,  Volume  XIV,  No.  1,  issue, 
the  business  management  passes  to  the  able  hands  of 
Gertrude  Clark-Sober  (Church),  Michigan  Beta,  and 
Miss  Robinson  becomes  editor-in-chief,  with  Emma  S. 
Hutchinson  (Conrow),  Pennsylvania  Alpha,  as  alumnae 
editor,  Alice  Pierce  (Sylvester),  Michigan  Beta,  for 
College  News,  and  Fanny  K.  Read  (Cook),  Michigan 
Beta,  for  Alumna?  Personals.  The  second  number  of 
this  volume  contains  interesting  sketches  of  the  lives  of 
seven  of  the  early  Arrow  Editors,  with  their  pictures. 


186  PI    BETA    PHI    FRATERNITY 

The  fourth  number  of  this  volume  shows  the  picture  of 
five  of  our  Founders,  and  the  first  attempt  to  recount 
early  Pi  Phi  history  by  them  is  made.  Many  valuable 
articles  are  to  be  found  in  this  volume.  The  printing, 
done  by  the  Democrat  Printing  Co.,  of  Madison,  and 
the  illustrations,  the  work  of  Boardman  Engraving  Co., 
of  Milwaukee,  reflect  great  credit  upon  the  efforts  of 
the  officers  in  charge. 

Few  changes  are  found  in  Volume  XV.  The  tone  and 
strength  are  well  kept  up,  and  the  Greek  letters  are 
introduced  in  the  print. 

Volume  XVI,  November,  1899,  comes  out  with  a  new 
cover,  the  work  of  Miriam  Prindle  (Waller),  of  Illinois 
Epsilon.  It  represents  a  deep  bed  of  carnations  under 
the  title  "  The  ARROW  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  "  in  very  heavy 
full-face  type,  and  below,  immediately  under  the  car- 
nations, are  the  words,  "  The  official  publication  of  Pi 
Beta  Phi  Fraternity,"  with  I.  C.  in  the  left-hand  cor- 
ner, in  monogram,  and  nB<£  in  the  right-hand  corner, 
each  within  a  wreath,  the  Arrow,  with  nB<£  upon  its 
wings,  in  the  center.  The  editorial  board  continues 
with  Miss  Robinson  as  editor-in-chief,  Mrs.  Sober  as 
business  manager,  and  Iva  A.  Welsh  acting  editor  dur- 
ing Miss  Robinson's  absence  abroad,  also  assuming  the 
duties  of  alumnae  editor.  This  is  an  inspiring  volume. 
The  circulation  of  the  Arrow  at  this  time  was  750.  At 
the  Boulder  Convention,  in  1899,  the  editor  was  made 
a  member  of  the  Grand  Council,  with  all  the  rights  and 
privileges  of  a  Grand  Officer  in  convention. 

A  new  cover  greets  you  in  No.  1,  Volume  XVIII, 
showing  a  scroll  or  vine  design  up  and  down  the  left 


THE    FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE          187 

side  of  the  page,  to  which,  in  after  numbers,  is  added 
the  insignia  of  the  Fraternity.  Wisconsin  continues  to 
publish  the  magazine  under  the  able  management  of 
Miss  Robinson. 

The  July,  1902,  number  contains  the  group  pictures 
of  twenty  active  chapters. 

Volume  XX,  No.  1,  blossoms  out  with  still  another 
cover,  the  plainest  of  all  our  covers,  a  solid  cadet  blue, 
or  gray  paper,  with  the  words  "  The  Arrow  of  Pi  Beta 
Phi  "  in  gold  across  the  face.  It  made  a  neat  cover, 
and  held  good  until  April,  1906. 

Under  the  Wisconsin  Chapter's  management  the  illus- 
trations became  a  feature  of  the  magazine  which  has 
been  carried  on  ever  since.  In  July,  1904,  Volume  XX, 
No.  4,  we  find  the  group  pictures  of  twenty-six  active 
chapters. 

No.  3,  of  Volume  XXII,  bears  a  cover  design  by 
Charlotte  E.  Shepard  (Field),  of  Michigan  Alpha.  In 
the  center  of  the  title-page  a  shield  is  divided  diago- 
nally through  the  center  by  a  band  of  black,  bearing 
the  Arrow.  In  the  upper  left-hand  division  is  I.  C.,  in 
the  right-hand  lower  section  is  IIB^>  above  the  shield  in 
a  plain  panel  space  is  "  The  Arrow,"  and  below,  under 
the  shield,  "  of  Pi  Beta  Phi." 

Iva  A.  Welch,  Wisconsin  Alpha,  was  Arrow  alumnae 
editor  from  January,  1901,  to  April,  1906. 

Miss  Robinson  moved  from  Madison  to  Milwaukee  in 
the  Autumn  of  1902,  keeping  the  printing  of  the  Ar- 
row still  in  Madison,  but  in  November,  1907,  when  she 
moved  to  Denver,  we  find  the  Arrow  entered  at  the 
Denver  post  office. 


188  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

Ethel  R.  Curryer,  Indiana  Gamma,  was  Arrow 
Alumnae  editor  from  April,  1906,  to  January,  1908. 

Volume  XXIV,  November,  1907,  is  clothed  in  the 
cover  familiar  to  us  to-day,  the  design  of  Esther  Fay 
Shover,  Indiana  Gamma.  A  narrow  band  of  carnations 
forms  a  border,  while  in  the  lower  half  a  triangular 
design  of  carnations  encloses  the  emblem  —  the  Arrow. 
It  is  an  artistic  design,  and  has  greeted  thousands  of 
eager  Pi  Phis  during  the  past  eight  years. 

No.  2  of  Volume  XXIV  closed  Miss  Robinson's  con- 
nection with  the  Arrow,  and  ended  a  brilliant  editor- 
ship of  over  ten  years.  "  During  this  period,  the  Ar- 
row was  self-supporting.  In  1896  there  were  printed 
for  each  issue  barely  550  copies ;  for  the  issue  of  Janu- 
ary, 1908,  there  were  required  2,200  copies."  Her  last 
issue  contained  over  one  hundred  pages  of  reading  mat- 
ter of  vital  interest  to  our  Fraternity  people.  Her  bril- 
liant editorials  and  reviews,  sparkling  with  clear-cut 
wisdom  and  subtle  humor,  made  the  magazine  a  joy  to 
its  readers  aside  from  its  worth  as  a  Fraternity  organ. 
"  Miss  Robinson's  personality,  to  a  large  extent,  domi- 
nated the  magazine,  both  inspirationally  and  practically. 
Many  customs,  long  since  regarded  as  characteristic 
of  the  Arrow,  owe  their  inception  to  her  wise  plan- 
ning. " 

On  January  2,  1908,  at  the  New  Orleans  Convention, 
it  was  voted  "  that  a  secret  number  of  the  Arrow  be 
printed  annually,  which  shall  publish  the  minutes  and 
reports  of  Convention,  the  annual  chapter  reports  of 
the  Grand  Secretary,  and  any  other  information  for  the 
use  of  the  Fraternity,"  as  an  extra  number  of  the  Ar- 


THE    FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE          189 

row.  This  number  was  published  as  an  after-convention 
issue  in  1908,  1910,  and  1912. 

In  April,  1908,  Volume  XXIV,  No.  3,  the  Arrow  was 
edited  by  Mary  Bartol-Theiss,  and  Sarah  G.  Pom- 
eroy  (Rugg),  who  was  elected  at  the  New  Orleans  Con- 
vention, became  alumnae  editor.  This  number  was  pub- 
lished from  64  West  109th  Street,  New  York,  and  from 
July,  1908,  to  November,  1909,  from  the  Mason-Henry 
Press,  Syracuse,  New  York.  With  the  November,  1909, 
number  the  publishing  is  transferred  to  George  Banta, 
Manasha,  Wisconsin,  the  official  printer  and  publisher 
to  the  Fraternity  to  date.  At  the  Swarthmore  Conven- 
tion, 1910,  Sophie  P.  Woodman  was  appointed  alumnae 
editor 

The  number  of  pages  of  reading  matter  doubles 
under  Mrs.  Theiss'  management  during  the  first  year, 
and  triples  during  the  last,  with  a  circulation  of  nearly 
four  thousand  copies,  making  the  Arrow  one  of  the  larg- 
est fraternity  magazines.  The  high  standard  established 
by  Miss  Robinson  was  ably  maintained  by  Mrs.  Theiss, 
and  the  fact  that  illness,  due  to  overwork,  forced  her 
resignation  and  retirement  in  November,  1911,  is  evi- 
dence that  she  gave  of  her  very  life's  strength  to  this 
work.  "  As  President  of  Alpha  Province,  Grand  Sec- 
retary, Cataloguer,  Compiler  of  the  Song  Book,  and 
finally  as  Editor  of  the  Arrow,  Mary  Bartol-Theiss  has 
proved  herself  at  all  times  strong,  reliable,  and  ever 
alert  to  the  best  interests  of  Pi  Beta  Phi." 

Sophie  P.  Woodman,  New  York  Beta,  was  elected 
alumnae  editor  at  the  Swarthmore  Convention,  in  June, 
1910,  upon  the  resignation  of  Sarah  Pomeroy  (Rugg). 


190  PI    BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

In  1900  the  Alumnae  Council  petitioned  the  Grand 
Council  that  the  Arrow  be  furnished  the  alumnae  at  a 
reduced  rate,  and  the  price  was  fixed  at  twenty-five 
cents  a  year,  or  $5.00  life  subscription.  This  resulted 
in  quadrupling  the  alumnae  subscriptions,  but  at  an 
actual  money  loss  to  the  Fraternity.  In  1913  the  price 
was  fixed  at  $1.00  a  year  to  every  one,  or  $10  for  life 
subscription.  Since  January  1,  1908,  the  initiation  fee 
has  included  life  subscription  to  the  Arrow. 

With  the  January,  1912,  No.  2,  Volume  XXVIII, 
Sarah  G.  Pomeroy  (Rugg)  assumes  the  responsibilities 
of  editorship  to  fill  out  Mrs.  Theiss'  unexpired  term. 
At  the  Evanston  Convention,  in  1912,  she  was  elected 
to  the  editorship  of  the  Arrow.  In  September,  1912,  a 
private  Bulletin  was  authorized  between  the  four  issues 
of  the  Arrow,  and  four  such  issues  have  been  sent  out 
each  year.  They  contain  announcements,  instructions 
and  notes  of  a  private  nature. 

In  1913,  the  date  for  issuing  the  fourth  number  of  the 
Arrow  was  changed  from  July  to  June.  In  June,  1913, 
the  Grand  Council  voted  that  the  first  issue  of  each  vol- 
ume of  the  Arrow  be  secret.  This  number  is  a  full-sized 
Arrow,  devoted  to  the  reports  of  Grand  Officers,  stand- 
ing committees  and  intimate  working  and  development 
of  the  Fraternity.  Under  Mrs.  Rugg's  experienced 
editorship  each  number  of  the  Arrow  has  given  its  read- 
ers something  of  interest  to  the  general  public  and  the 
welfare  of  women;  its  scope  has  been  broadened,  and 
articles  and  illustrations  of  Greek  sisters  have  been  in- 
troduced to  our  readers. 

To-day  the  Arrow  goes  to  every  state  in  the  Union 


/ 


THE    FRATERNITY   MAGAZINE          191 

except  one,  and  to  all  our  continental  possessions;  to 
Canada,  England,  France,  Germany,  Italy,  Mexico,  Bra- 
zil, Argentina,  Chili,  China  and  India.  The  promise 
made  in  No.  1,  Volume  I,  that  "  like  new  wine,  the  older 
it  grows  the  better  it  will  become,"  has  been  fulfilled  in 
the  present-day  numbers  of  this  official  organ  of  our 
Fraternity. 


All  are  needed  by  each  one; 
Nothing  is  fair  or  good  alone." 

— EMERSON. 


CHAPTER   XIII 

CATALOGUE  AND  CALENDARS 

THE  first  mention  of  a  catalogue  for  the  Fraternity 
was  in  1880,  at  the  Mt.  Pleasant  Convention,  when  Iota 
Chapter,  at  Lombard  College,  was  instructed  to  gather 
material  for  a  Fraternity  catalogue.  At  this  Conven- 
tion, it  was  also  ordered  that  * '  Alpha  Grand,  or  Lambda 
Chapter  (Simpson)  shall  keep  a  general  register  of  all 
chapters;  "  and  that  "  each  chapter  shall  keep  a  regis- 
ter of  all  its  members." 

The  first  general  catalogue  to  be  published  was  in  the 
Arrow  for  September,  1887.  It  covered  twenty  pages  of 
the  magazine  and  contained  the  names  and  addresses  of 
nine  hundred  and  seventy  members,  belonging  to  twenty 
active  chapters,  but  gives  no  record  of  the  members  of 
of  the  seventeen  dead  chapters. 

In  the  Arrow  of  December,  1887,  there  appeared  the 
first  supplement  to  the  catalogue,  with  thirty-eight 
added  names.  It  was  the  policy  for  a  number  of  years 
after  this  to  print  in  the  Arrow  each  year  the  additional 
names  and  addresses,  and  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Arrow  editors  (Iowa  Zeta  and  Kappa)  the  material  for 
a  permanent  catalogue  was  being  collected. 

At  the  Convention  of  1890,  a  committee  composed  of 
Iowa  Theta,  Iowa  Iota,  and  Ohio  Alpha,  with  Corinne 
Super  (Stine),  of  Ohio  Alpha,  as  chairman,  was  named 

195 


196  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

by  the  Convention  and  instructed  to  publish  a  catalogue. 
The  first  report  of  this  committee,  in  1892,  at  the  Law- 
rence Convention,  included  a  complete  catalogue  in 
manuscript  of  all  active  members,  and  a  statement  that 
the  work  of  gathering  a  list  of  non-active  and  alumna? 
membership  was  progressing  slowly  but  satisfactorily. 
Miss  Super  was  continued  as  chairman  of  the  committee 
on  catalogue,  with  Helen  Maxwell,  of  Colorado  Alpha, 
and  Ida  Von  Hon,  of  Iowa  Zeta,  as  assistants. 

Interest  in  working  up  a  complete  catalogue  of  all 
persons  ever  initiated  into  Pi  Phi  was  spread  through 
the  efforts  of  this  enthusiastic  committee  and  the  Arrow 
<3olumns,  and  the  chapters  came  to  the  assistance  of  the 
committee  with  their  own  chapter  catalogues  carefully 
compiled. 

Kansas  Alpha  and  Iowa  Zeta  were  the  first  chapters 
to  complete  this  work,  which  was  published  in  the  Ar- 
row of  April,  1894,  and  proved  a  great  incentive  to  the 
other  chapters  and  of  great  help  to  the  difficult  task  of 
ihe  catalogue  committee.  The  custom  was  established 
at  this  time,  and  kept  up  to  include  1901,  of  publishing 
in  the  July  Arrow  by  chapters,  each  year,  the  names  of 
all  active  members  during  the  previous  year.  The  July, 
1896,  Arrow  contains  a  complete  list  of  the  active  mem- 
bership of  the  Fraternity  at  that  time. 

In  1898,  Michigan  Alpha  published  the  first  inde- 
pendent chapter  catalogue  of  active  and  alumna?  mem- 
bers. 

While  this  research  work  had  been  carried  on  un- 
ceasingly since  1880,  it  was  not  until  1901,  when  Flor- 
ence Chase-Cass,  of  Michigan  Alpha,  a  professional  cat- 


CATALOGUE  AND  CALENDARS    197 

aloguer,  was  appointed  Fraternity  Catalogue  Secretary, 
that  our  first  catalogue,  under  its  own  cover,  was 
printed.  This  was  presented  at  the  Syracuse  Conven- 
tion, and  a  systematic  card  index  installed  for  future 
reference  and  corrections.  There  were  about  eleven 
thousand  entries  on  these  cards,  and  the  work  involved 
an  enormous  amount  of  time  and  strength.  The  cata- 
logue has  two  hundred  and  three  pages,  and  contains 
twenty-nine  hundred  names,  with  addresses,  college, 
chapter,  date  of  initiation,  date  of  graduation,  degrees, 
and  name  of  husband,  and  brings  the  record  down  to 
March,  1901. 

The  office  of  Fraternity  Cataloguer  was  instituted  at 
the  Syracuse  Convention,  and  Mrs.  Cass  was  appointed 
the  first  cataloguer  of  the  Fraternity  with  a  salary.  She 
could  not  accept  the  position,  however,  and  Mary  Bar- 
tol  (Theiss),  Pennsylvania  Beta,  was  named  in  her 
stead.  No  more  capable  and  careful  person  in  the  Fra- 
ternity could  have  been  found  to  continue  the  untiring 
and  persistent  efforts  of  Mrs.  Cass  than  Mary  Bartol, 
as  the  results  most  admirably  show.  From  1901  to 
1908  these  records  were  kept  to  the  satisfaction  of 
every  one. 

In  1902,  Mary  Bartol  (Theiss)  published  the  First 
Annual  Supplement  to  the  First  Catalogue,  under  sep- 
arate cover,  and  a  copy  was  forwarded  to  each  owner 
of  a  catalogue.  In  1903,  the  Second  Annual  Supple- 
ment was  published,  and  in  1904  the  Third  Annual 
Supplement  brought  the  Fraternity  list  to  date. 

In  June,  1906,  Mary  Bartol,  who  had  now  become 
Mrs.  Lewis  E.  Theiss,  had  published  the  second  edition 


198  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

of  the  Official  Catalogue.  It  contains  the  full  enroll- 
ment of  each  chapter,  active  and  inactive,  a  detailed  al- 
phabetical enrollment  of  the  entire  membership  of  the 
Fraternity,  a  geographical  index  showing  the  present 
home  of  every  member,  a  list  by  chapters  of  those  no 
longer  living,  and  a  table  of  relationships.  Every  mem- 
ber is  enrolled  at  least  three  times.  The  volume  of  364 
pages,  contains  the  records  of  4,181  members  of  forty- 
nine  chapters,  and  shows  an  immense  amount  of  skilled 
and  painstaking  work.  Price  seventy-five  cents. 

To  this  second  edition,  a  First  Annual  Supplement 
was  compiled  and  added  by  Mrs.  Theiss  in  1907,  and 
a  Second  Supplement  in  1908.  Mrs.  Theiss  became  ed- 
itor of  the  Arrow  with  the  April,  1908,  number,  and 
while  not  officially  carried  on  the  records  as  cataloguer, 
she  performed  the  duties  of  the  office  until  the  appoint- 
ment of  her  successor,  Helen  Schaeffer-Huff,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania Gamma,  in  October,  1908. 

In  1909,  the  Third  Annual  Supplement,  with  a  new 
list  of  "  changed  addresses  "  aranged  alphabetically, 
was  completed  by  Mrs.  Huff,  and  in  June,  1910,  a 
Fourth  Supplement  was  published,  making  the  records 
complete  to  that  date. 

The  third  and  last  edition  of  the  Catalogue  was  issued 
in  September,  1911,  by  Kate  McLaughlin-Bourne,  of 
Pennsylvania  Beta,  who  was  appointed  by  the  Grand 
President  to  succeed  Mrs.  Huff  in  this  work.  In  the 
preface  she  notes  that  "  every  available  source  of  in- 
formation has  been  exhausted  "  in  getting  the  material 
for  this  edition,  and  the  five  hundred  and  fifty-six  pages 
testify  to  the  indefatigable  efforts  of  Mrs.  Bourne  to 


CATALOGUE  AND  CALENDARS    199 

make  this  edition  complete  and  accurate.  The  work  is 
divided  into  four  parts :  —  ( 1 )  a  record  of  membership 
by  chapters,  active  and  inactive;  (2)  alphabetical  cata- 
logue of  members;  (3)  geographical  index  of  members; 
and  (4)  table  of  relationships.  Six  thousand,  four  hun- 
dred and  twenty-six  names  are  recorded  under  the 
chapter  headings,  covering  the  total  initiations  into 
sixty  chapters  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  from  1867  to  June  29, 
1911.  This  volume  forms  the  most  valuable  public  doc- 
ument of  the  Fraternity. 

CALENDAR.  The  first  Pi  Beta  Phi  Calendar  was  pub- 
lished in  1910,  under  the  supervision  of  Roberta  G. 
Frye  (Watt),  of  Maryland  Alpha,  and  was  so  highly 
appreciated  and  enjoyed  that  the  next  Convention  at 
Swarthmore,  in  June,  1910,  voted  to  continue  the  an- 
nual publication,  and  Anna  F.  T.  Pettit  (Broomell) 
and  Katherine  Griest,  of  Pennsylvania  Alpha,  were  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  serve  during  the  next  two 
years. 

The  calendar  of  1911  was  printed  by  Walter  B.  Jen- 
kins, of  Philadelphia,  upon  sixty-five  sheets  of  deep 
cream,  heavy  laid  paper,  in  brown  ink.  The  covers  were 
of  heavy  brown  paper,  with  "  Pi  Beta  Phi,  1911  "  em- 
bossed on  it  in  gold.  Each  day  of  the  year  bore  an 
appropriate  quotation,  and  the  birthdays  of  the  Found- 
ers, Grand  Council  and  active  chapters  were  noted. 

The  1912  Calendar,  also  printed  by  Mr.  Jenkins,  was 
done  in  black  and  white,  a  page  a  week  style,  with  quo- 
tations for  each  day,  but  with  the  anniversaries  left  out. 
Editorially,  the  Arrow  says  of  this  Calendar:  —  "  The 
compilers  have  wandered  far  afield  and  have  culled  the 


200  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

choicest  blossoms  from  many  literary  gardens.  If 
'  genius  is  a  part  of  taking  pains,'  genius  is  here  ex- 
emplified. ' ' 

At  the  Evanston  Convention  in  June,  1912,  the  cal- 
endar committee  was  composed  of  Katherine  Griest  and 
Deborah  L.  Ferrier,  of  Pennsylvania  Alpha  and  Edith 
Valet  of  New  York  Beta. 

The  Calendar  for  1913,  also  printed  by  Mr.  Jenkins, 
proved  to  be  the  most  popular  ever  gotten  out  by  the 
Fraternity.  It  resembles  the  former  calendars  in  style, 
with  the  addition  of  a  bright  and  very  attractive  bor- 
der of  green  and  red,  with  the  Fraternity  flower  in  the 
four  corners.  Here  also  we  find  the  anniversaries  of 
the  birthdays  of  the  Fraternity,  the  Founders,  the 
Grand  Council  and  chapters  noted. 

The  1914  Calendar  was  issued  in  the  form  of  a  page 
a  day  pad,  mounted  upon  heavy  cardboard,  with  appro- 
priate verses  for  each  day  and  the  birthday  anniver- 
saries noted.  This  calendar  was  not  as  popular  as  the 
previous  year's  week-a-page,  hanging  style,  and  the  fol- 
lowing year  the  committee  decided  to  return  to  the 
former. 

The  1915  Calendar  is  a  duplicate  of  the  1913  Calen- 
dar. It  is  bright  and  artistic  to  the  eye  and  with  ap- 
propriate and  pleasing  daily  quotations,  and  has  grown 
to  be  looked  upon  by  the  Fraternity  as  the  Fraternity 
Calendar. 

These  Calendars  are  daily  inspirations  to  the  readers, 
and  bring  the  alumnae  in  daily  touch  with  the  spirit  of 
Pi  Beta  Phi,  and  reflect  great  credit  upon  the  compilers 
and  printer. 


"  A  friend  may  well  be  reckoned  the  masterpiece  of 
Nature."  —  EMERSON. 


CHAPTER   XIV 

PI   BETA   PHI   SONG   BOOK 

THE  first  Arrow,  of  May,  1885,  contained  Ethel  Allen- 
Hamilton's  Founding  Song,  to  the  tune  of  Dearest  May, 
and  frequently  after  songs  appeared  from  time  to  time, 
but  no  attempt  was  made  to  collect  these  in  book  form 
until  at  the  Lawrence  Convention  in  1892,  when  Mich- 
igan Beta  presented  the  Songs  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  in  pamph- 
let form.  The  adoption  of  our  "  Ring  Ching  Ching  " 
at  the  same  convention  stimulated  song  and  Fraternity 
singing,  and  we  find  the  pamphlet  of  '92  worn  out  and 
exhausted  by  the  time  of  the  Boston  Convention. 

In  1895,  a  committee  consisting  of  Mary  Bartol 
(Theiss),  of  Pennsylvania  Beta,  Viola  Lukens,  of  In- 
diana Alpha,  and  Elizabeth  Smith,  of  Colorado  Alpha, 
were  appointed  to  compile  and  publish  a  Fraternity 
song  book,  which  resulted  in  The  Songs  of  Pi  Beta  Phi, 
published  January  1,  1899,  by  Mary  Bartol.  This  book 
contained  one  hundred  and  seventeen  pages  and  seventy- 
eight  songs,  and  was  printed  by  J.  W.  Pepper,  of  Phil- 
adelphia. 

The  second  edition  of  the  song  book  was  published 
under  the  authority  of  the  Grand  Council,  and  edited 
by  Mary  Bartol-Theiss  in  1904.  The  presswork  was 
done  by  the  Metropolitan  Engraving,  Lithographing  & 
Printing  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  The  book  con- 

203 


204  PI    BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

tains  one  hundred  and  seventy-six  8x11  pages,  and  one 
hundred  and  thirty  songs,  two  waltzes  and  a  two-step. 

The  present,  or  our  third  song  bookx  was  edited  by 
Alleyne  Archibald,  of  Nebraska  Beta,  assisted  by  Lela 
Howard,  of  Columbia  Alpha,  Anne  Stuart,  of  Nebraska 
Beta,  Jessie  Smith-Gaynor,  of  Iowa  Zeta,  and  Mary  E. 
Shannon,  of  Arkansas  Alpha,  and  is  a  joy  and  necessity 
to  the  life  of  every  chapter.  The  book  contains  one 
hundred  and  seventy-six  9x12  pages,  and  one  hundred 
and  sixty  songs,  and  reflects  great  credit  upon  the  com- 
pilers and  the  Fraternity. 

11  When  the  songs  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  ring  in  our  ears 
and  make  us  strong  in  our  loyalty;  when,  at  reunion 
times,  the  enthusiasm  of  the  active  girls  join  with  ours 
of  long  years;  when  the  stirring  *  Ring  Ching  Ching  ' 
strikes  the  ever  responsive  chord  in  our  natures,  we  are 
stirred  by  the  same  kind  of  emotion  and  loyalty  that 
fills  the  breast  of  the  soldier  at  the  roll  of  the  drum 
and  call  to  the  flag." 


"  As  love  is  the  life  of  faith,  so  with  the  increase  of 
love  faith  increases.  Even  from  man  toward  man,  faith 
and  love  grow  together.  The  more  we  love  the  more  we 
understand,  and  the  more  we  trust  one  another." — DR. 
PUSEY. 


CHAPTER    XV 

SYMPHONY   AND   COAT  -  OF  -  ARMS 

As  a  result  of  a  competitive  contest,  the  Convention 
of  1910  voted  to  adopt  the  following,  submitted  by  Abbie 
"Williams-Burton,  of  Illinois  Epsilon,  as  the  Fraternity 
Symphony :  — 

"  Whatsoever  things   are   true, 
Lovely,  fair, 

Beyond  compare, 
Pure  as  the  Arrow's  gold, 
Sweet  as  wine  carnations  hold, 

Honest,  just,  of  worth  untold  — 
These  hold  ye,  in  honor  due 
Best  to  serve  the  name  ye  bear. 

Wearers  of  the  wine  and  blue, 
Choose  these  in  your  hearts  to  wear." 

The  Fraternity  has  had  these  beautiful  lines,  lettered 
in  gold,  upon  a  soft,  cream-colored  card,  with  an  artis- 
tically embossed  design  in  wine  and  blue  and  gold,  made 
by  hand,  for  appropriate  reminders  of  anniversaries. 

The  Pi  Beta  Phi  book  plate  upon  the  inside  front 
cover  of  this  history  is  also  the  gift  of  an  Illinois  Epsilon 
alumna,  —  Edith  Hammond,  —  and  was  presented  to 
the  Convention  guests  in  1912  from  the  entertaining 
chapter  at  Northwestern  University. 

A  PLAN  for  a  coat-of-arms  was  submitted  to  and 
207 


208  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

adopted  by  the  1910  Convention  at  Swarthmore,  Penn- 
sylvania. These  were  submitted  to  an  authority  on  her- 
aldry, and  were  carried  out  as  closely  as  possible  in 
making  the  coat-of-arms,  adopted  by  the  Grand  Council 
in  February,  1912,  and  were  copyrighted  in  March,  1912, 
by  the  Fraternity  in  the  name  of  Anna  F.  T.  Pettitt 
(Broomell),  who  had  the  work  in  charge. 

The  Pi  Beta  Phi  coat-of-arms  "  consists  of  a  lozenge 
on  which  is  blazoned  the  Brownlee  crest,  an  eagle  dis- 
played. On  the  eagle's  breast  is  blazoned  the  seal  of 
Monmouth  College,  a  sun  in  splendor,  with  the  word 
*  Lux  '  in  the  center.  The  eagle  holds  in  his  right  talon 
the  (£  ,  and  in  his  left  the  Arrow  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  The 
lozenge  signifies  that  the  arm  is  that  of  a  woman's  or- 
ganization; the  eagle  is  the  crest  of  the  originators  of 
women's  fraternities  in  general  and  Pi  Beta  Phi  in 
particular;  the  sun  is  the  seal  of  the  college  in  which 
Pi  Beta  Phi  had  its  first  home,  and  the  eagle  by  holding 
the  <^2  and  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Arrow  shows  the  absolute 
identity  between  the  I.  C.  Sorosis  and  Pi  Beta  Phi  Fra- 
ternity. " 

As  the  knights  of  old  fought  to  glorify  his  family 
arms,  "  so  the  symbols  of  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  coat-of-arms 
should  bring  to  the  mind  of  every  Pi  Beta  Phi  a  reali- 
zation that  this  great  Fraternity  of  ours  is  a  heritage 
from  the  past,  that  we  who  are  proud  to  use  its  coat-of- 
arms  should  be  equally  proud  to  uphold  its  ideals,  for 
which  those  noble  women,  our  Founders,  established  the 
first  chapter  at  Monmouth  College,  and  that  our  mod- 
ern fraternalism  should  embody  in  it  the  chivalry  of 
the  past." 


"  It  is  a  good  thing  to  be  rich,  and  a  good  thing  to  be 
strong,  but  it  is  a  better  thing  to  be  beloved  by  many 
friends."  —  EURIPIDES. 


CHAPTER   XVI 


THE  "  cookie  shine  "  is  strictly  a  Pi  Beta  Phi  insti- 
tution, and  brings  to  mind  many  happy  and  merry 
events  in  our  lives,  in  the  years  of  long  ago.  Our  be- 
loved Lucinda  Smith-Buchan  told  us,  in  the  January, 
1902,  Arrow,  that  "  this  characteristic  feature  of  the 
Fraternity  had  its  origin  in  the  Kansas  Alpha  Chapter, 
back  in  the  days  when  Chancellor  Frazier  was  the  Robin 
Good  Fellow  of  each  and  every  student  of  the  state 
university.  '  Cookie  shine  '  was  his  own  individual 
name  for  any  kind  of  an  informal  social  company 
brought  together  by  accident  or  design. " 

On  one  occasion,  in  June,  1872,  when  a  number  of 
the  Lawrence  girls  were  invited  to  the  home  of  Flora 
and  Alma  Richardson,  to  meet  their  sister  Sara,  a  newly 
initiated  Pi  Phi  from  Lombard  College,  "  the  good 
Chancellor  chanced  to  be  present,  and  when  the  girls 
began  to  lay  their  '  spread  '  of  good  things  known  only 
to  college  girls,  the  Chancellor  dubbed  the  feast  a 
1  cookie  shine/  The  word  so  pleased  the  girls  that 
they  immediately  adopted  it  for  their  own,  and  from 
that  time  on  it  became  in  Kansas  Alpha  sacred  to  the 
use  of  the  Pi  Phi  girls."  From  Kansas,  it  was  carried 
to  other  chapters,  until  "  the  term  itself,  and  the  occa- 
sion for  which  it  stands,  has  become  so  inseparable  a 

211 


212  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

part  of  the  social  life  of  our  Fraternity  that  it  will  al- 
ways be  held  in  unquestioned  and  loving  regard  by  all 
of  us." 

Mrs.  Buchan  writes  that  "  the  entire  evening,  with 
its  initiation  ceremony,  supper,  and  the  following  pro- 
gram, whether  composed  of  music,  dancing,  card  games 
or  other  diversions  incident  to  the  tastes  and  abilities 
of  those  present,  is  spoken  of  as  a  '  cookie  shine.'  But 
for  a  formal  '  cookie  shine,'  it  is  the  supper  itself, 
which  has  perhaps  received  the  greatest  amount  of  at- 
tention from  the  greatest  number  of  hands."  "  Spread 
upon  a  long  tablecloth  (or  sheet)  on  the  floor,  every- 
thing from  hot  biscuits,  veal  loaf  and  chicken,  through 
a  long  line  of  scattered  chips,  olives,  pickles,  nuts,  fruits 
and  cookies,  to  the  most  conventionally  served  ice-cream 
and  coffee." 

But  if  there  is  only  time  to  pass  the  word  around  that 
there  will  be  a  "  cookie  shine  "  to-night  or  to-morrow 
afternoon,  * '  every  one  brings  her  own  donation,  with  the 
single  injunction  that  nothing  must  be  brought  which 
will  call  for  napkins,  or  plates,  knives,  forks  or  spoons  for 
the  serving  of  it.  Then  every  one  comes  bearing  a  paper 
parcel,  or  a  small  basket,"  and  when  the  time  arrives 
for  refreshments,  the  large  tablecloth,  or  sheet,  is  spread 
in  the  middle  of  the  floor,  and  the  contributions  thrown 
here  and  there  upon  it,  and  the  girls  sit  on  the  floor, 
Turk  fashion,  amid  laughter,  singing  and  merrymaking, 
and  time  vanishes  with  the  pickles  and  cake.  One  of 
the  beauties  of  the  "  cookie  shine  "  is  that,  when  the 
party  is  over,  the  festive  board  is  quickly  cleared  by 
gathering  up  the  four  corners  of  the  sheet  or  cloth,  and 


"  THE    COOKIE    SHINE  "  213 

dispatching  the  fragments  unceremoniously,  leaving  the 
room  as  if  by  magic  clear  again. 

"  In  fine  weather,  the  '  cookie  shine  '  supper  is  often 
spread  on  the  grass.  Very  often  some  special  features 
of  entertainment  will  be  prepared  for  the  '  cookie  shine. ' 
These  are  usually  conceived  and  executed  by  a  few  of 
the  girls,  without  the  knowledge  of  the  others,  so  that 
there  is  always  a  greater  or  less  air  of  expectancy. 
Farces,  either  original  or  adapted  to  the  chapter's  use, 
are  a  very  popular  feature  of  the  programs,  impersona- 
tions of  ridiculous  characters,  another.  In  the  presen- 
tation of  these  features  much  skill  is  often  manifested 
that  before  was  unknown,  or  under-estimated,  so  that 
these  chance  occasions  not  seldom  prove  to  be  of  more 
than  transitory  interest/' 

For  a  number  of  years  the  "  cookie  shine  "  was  a 
regular  convention  stunt,  "  until  at  the  Boston  Con- 
vention in  1895  there  were  but  a  few  chapters  unac- 
quainted with  the  name  and  the  *  spread  '  to  which  it  is 
given,  and  the  memorable  Boston  *  shine  '  revealed  its 
mysteries  to  those  still  uninitiated.  Though  in  general 
the  *  cookie  shine  '  is  the  same,  whether  partaken  of  in 
California  or  Boston,  still  there  are  many  local  differ- 


'  Those  wlw  bring  sunshine  to  the  lives  of  others, 
cannot  keep  it  from  themselves."  —  J.  M.  BARRIE. 


CHAPTER   XVII 

FELLOWSHIPS,  SCHOLARSHIPS  AND  LOAN  FUNDS 

THE  editor  of  one  of  our  men's  journals  once  said 
' '  It  is  not  so  much  the  men  we  take  in  that  counts ;  it 
is  the  men  we  turn  out."  What  the  Fraternity  helps 
the  girl  to  make  of  herself  is  what  counts  in  her  life, 
and  so  Pi  Beta  Phi,  in  her  effort  to  help  develop  the 
best  in  the  girl  pledged  to  her  ideals,  has  instituted,  as 
a  tangible  evidence  of  this  policy,  scholarships  and  loan 
funds. 

At  the  Nineteenth  National  Biennial  Convention, 
held  in  Indianapolis,  in  June,  1906,  it  was  ordered 
"  that  Pi  Beta  Phi  establish  scholarships  not  to  exceed 
$1,000  in  total  for  the  college  year,  such  scholarships 
to  be  open  only  to  members  of  Pi  Beta  Phi;  "  also  that 
these  scholarships  be  "  two  undergraduate  scholarships 
of  $325  each,  and  one  graduate  scholarship  of  $350," 
such  "  scholarships  for  1906-1907  to  be  placed  at 
Barnard  College,  but  at  the  end  of  the  first  year  the 
awarding  and  places  to  be  left  to  the  discretion  of  the 
Grand  Council." 

These  were  available  immediately,  and  Aileen  March 
Weaver  (Robinson),  '06,  of  Kansas  Alpha,  was  awarded 
the  graduate  scholarship,  and  Mary  Mathilda  Wads- 
worth,  '09,  of  Nebraska  Beta,  one  of  the  undergraduate 
scholarships.  Owing  to  the  lack  of  competitors,  the  sec- 

217 


218  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

ond  undergraduate  scholarship  for  1906-1907  was  not 
awarded. 

Mrs.  Weaver-Robinson  was  born  and  reared  in  Law- 
rence, Kansas,  entering  the  State  University  in  Septem- 
ber, 1902.  She  was  initiated  into  Pi  Beta  Phi  on  Octo- 
ber 11  of  the  same  year.  In  the  Spring  of  1906  she  was 
elected  to  Phi  Beta  Kappa,  and  in  June  gradua*  d 
with  A.  B. 

Miss  Wadsworth  was  born  in  Oregon,  Illinois,  but  in 
her  childhood  her  parents  moved  to  Council  Bluffs, 
Iowa,  where  she  received  her  early  education.  In  the 
Fall  of  1905,  she  entered  the  University  of  Nebraska, 
and  was  also  registered  in  the  University  School  of 
Music.  She  was  initiated  into  Pi  Beta  Phi  October  14, 
1905,  affiliating  with  New  York  Beta  in  the  Fall  of  1906. 

The  1907-1908  graduate  scholarship,  under  the  same 
conditions  as  1906-1907,  was  awarded  to  Anna  F.  T. 
Pettit  (Broomell),  of  Pennsylvania  Alpha.  Mrs. 
Broomell's  early  days  were  spent  in  the  Friends'  School 
of  Philadelphia.  In  1889,  she  entered  the  Friends' 
School  of  Philadelphia.  In  1889,  she  entered  the 
Friends'  Central  School,  from  which  she  graduated  in 
June,  1904,  and  entered  the  sophomore  class  of  Swarth- 
more  College  the  following  Autumn.  She  was  initiated 
into  Pi  Beta  Phi  November  17,  1905.  In  June,  1907, 
she  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.,  and  upon 
receiving  the  Pi  Phi  scholarship,  she  transferred  to  New 
York  Beta,  entering  Columbia  University,  and  receiving 
her  degree  of  A.  M.  in  1908. 

One  undergraduate  scholarship  for  the  year  1908-1909 
was  awarded  to  Mary  Badger  Wilson,  Columbia  Alpha. 


I 

'S 
- 
s 
o 

I 


FELLOWSHIPS    AND    SCHOLARSHIPS  219 

Miss  Wilson  entered  George  Washington  University  in 
January,  1908,  was  initiated  into  Pi  Beta  Phi  March  14, 
1908,  and  attended  Barnard  the  first  semester,  1909. 

Neither  undergraduate  scholarship  for  1907-1908,  nor 
the  graduate  scholarship  for  1908-1909,  or  second  under- 
graduate scholarship  for  the  latter  year,  were  competed 
for,  and  at  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Council,  held  in 
New  York  during  the  Thanksgiving  vacation,  1909,  it 
was  decided  to  withdraw  the  scholarships  for  1909-1910, 
and  to  offer  in  their  place  one  graduate  fellowship  with 
the  value  of  $500.  This  "  fellowship  to  be  open  to  any 
member  of  Pi  Beta  Phi  who  has  received  her  bachelor's 
degree,  and  available  for  use  in  any  university  in  this 
country  or  Europe." 

The  desired  result  followed  immediately;  competition 
was  keen,  and  the  same  plan  was  followed  for  1910-1911. 
Imogen  Cunningham,  Washington  Alpha,  was  the  suc- 
cessful competitor  for  the  year  1909-1910,  and  Sarah  G. 
Pomeroy  (Rugg),  Massachusetts  Alpha,  for  the  year 
1910-1911.  This  plan  has  been  very  satisfactory,  and 
"  it  is  safe  to  say  that  the  establishment  of  these  schol- 
arships and  fellowships  has  brought  Pi  Phi  prominently 
before  the  Faculties  of  the  leading  universities  and  col- 
leges "  for  the  past  six  years,  "  and  has  directed  atten- 
tion to  the  fact  that  the  Fraternity  is  awake  to  the  value 
of  genuine  scholarship. " 

Imogen  Cunningham  was  born  in  Portland,  Oregon, 
but  at  an  early  age  moved  to  Seattle,  Washington,  where 
she  attended  the  public  schools,  graduating  from  the 
Seattle  High  School  in  the  class  of  1903.  She  entered 
the  University  in  1904,  and  was  one  of  the  charter  mem- 


220  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

bers  of  Washington  Alpha,  which  was  installed  Janu- 
ary 7,  1907.  Upon  her  graduation  in  June,  1907,  she 
received  the  degree  of  B.  A.  She  used  the  Pi  Phi  Fel- 
lowship for  work  at  the  Technische  Hochschule,  Dresden, 
from  October,  1909,  to  July,  1910,  under  the  great 
photo  chemist  Luther. 

Sarah  Gertrude  Pomeroy  (Rugg),  daughter  of  a  New 
England  clergyman,  was  born  in  Fitchburg,  Massachu- 
setts, but  received  her  early  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  Boston  and  its  suburbs,  where  she  has  lived 
the  greater  part  of  her  life.  She  completed  her  prep- 
aration for  college  at  Wesleyan  Academy,  Wilbraham, 
Mass.  In  the  Autumn  of  1902,  Mrs.  Rugg  entered  Bos- 
ton University,  and  on  December  13,  the  same  year,  was 
initiated  into  Pi  Beta  Phi.  In  1906,  she  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  A.  B.,  and  three  years  later  received  the 
degree  of  A.  M.  from  her  Alma  Mater.  As  Pi  Phi  Fel- 
low, she  studied  at  the  University  of  London,  doing  re- 
search work  in  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum. 

The  graduate  fellowship  for  the  year  1911-1912  was 
awarded  to  Mildred  W.  Cochran,  Columbia  Alpha.  Miss 
Cochran  was  graduated  from  George  Washington  Uni- 
versity in  1907  with  the  degree  of  B.  S.  She  taught  one 
year  in  Limestone  College,  South  Carolina,  where  she 
had  the  chair  of  mathematics  and  science,  and  three 
years  at  Grafton  Hall,  Fond  du  Lac,  Wisconsin.  Miss 
Cochran  studied  English  and  biology  for  her  master's 
degree  at  Columbia  University. 

The  1912-1913  Pi  Phi  Fellowship  was  held  by  Eliz- 
abeth Craighead,  of  Pennsylvania  Gamma.  Miss  Craig- 
head  entered  Dickinson  College  in  the  Autumn  of  1898, 


.2° 
o 

o> 

I 
W 


FELLOWSHIPS    AND    SCHOLARSHIPS  221 

graduating  in  June,  1901,  with  the  degree  of  Ph.  B.  She 
was  initiated  into  Pi  Beta  Phi  on  June  4,  1904,  and  was 
elected  to  Phi  Beta  Kappa  in  the  Spring  of  1901.  She 
taught  for  ten  years,  when  she  was  awarded  the  Pi  Beta 
Phi  Fellowship,  and  spent  the  summer  of  1912  at  Gre- 
noble and  the  following  winter  in  Paris  and  New  York, 
studying  at  the  Sorbonne,  the  University  of  Paris,  and 
Columbia  University. 

The  1913-1914  fellowship  was  awarded  to  Mary  Inez 
Droke,  daughter  of  Prof.  G.  W.  Droke,  of  the  University 
of  Arkansas.  Miss  Droke  was  born  in  Fayetteville, 
where  she  has  always  lived.  At  the  age  of  fourteen,  she 
entered  the  University  of  Arkansas,  graduating  in  music 
in  1907.  She  was  a  charter  member  of  Arkansas  Alpha 
of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  which  was  installed  December  29,  1909. 
In  the  Autumn  of  1908,  when  nineteen  years  old,  she 
accepted  the  position  of  head  of  the  mathematics  depart- 
ment of  the  Fayetteville  High  School,  and  in  1911  re- 
entered  the  University  as  a  candidate  for  the  degree  of 
B.  A.,  which  she  received  in  June,  1913.  She  was  a 
member  of  Scull  Club,  an  honor  society  of  the  Univer- 
sity. In  the  summer  of  1913,  she  travelled  in  Germany 
and  Switzerland,  and  in  October  went  to  Paris,  enroll- 
ing as  a  student  of  mathematics  at  the  opening  of  the 
Sorbonne. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  founding  of  the  fellowship, 
it  was  deemed  best  to  divide  the  1914-1915  fellowship, 
and  it  was  awarded  to  Estaline  Wilson,  Missouri  Alpha, 
and  Alleyne  Archibald,  Nebraska  Beta. 

Estaline  Wilson  was  born  in  Warrensburg,  Missouri, 
finished  the  public  and  high  school  courses  at  fifteen, 


222  PI    BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

and  graduated  from  the  Warrensburg  State  Normal  two 
years  later.  After  teaching  two  years  she  entered  the 
State  University,  was  initiated  into  Missouri  Alpha  Oc- 
tober 9,  1909,  and  was  graduated  in  1911,  taking  the 
A.  B.  degree,  and  B.  S.  in  education.  She  was  elected 
to  Pi  Lambda  Theta,  an  honorary  fraternity. 

Alleyne  Archibald  graduated  from  the  School  of 
Music  of  the  University  of  Nebraska  in  the  class  of  1902. 
In  September  of  the  same  year  she  entered  the  faculty 
of  this  institution,  continuing  her  study  for  five  years. 
In  June,  1908,  she  was  chosen  by  Henry  Purmont  Eames 
to  be  his  assistant  in  his  Pianoforte  Studios  in  Paris. 
Her  two  years  there  were  spent  in  further  study,  teach- 
ing and  concert  work.  She  returned  to  America  in 
1910,  and  in  September  reentered  the  University  School 
of  Music,  Lincoln.  Miss  Archibald  is  the  daughter  of  a 
Baptist  clergyman,  has  done  most  of  her  professional  work 
in  the  "West,  and  has  steadily  progressed  in  her  profes- 
sion, which  gives  her  Fraternity  just  cause  for  pride. 

Loan  Fund.  At  the  twenty-first  Biennial  Convention, 
held  in  Swarthmore,  Pennsylvania,  June  30, 1910,  it  was 
voted  "  that  an  appropriation  of  $200  be  made  annu- 
ally for  two  years  for  a  Loan  Fund,  available  to  Pi 
Beta  Phi  undergraduates."  A  committee  appointed  to 
draw  up  regulations  for  governing  the  use  and  admin- 
istration of  the  Loan  Fund  recommended  that  loans 
"  be  made  in  any  amount  to  the  maximum  of  $100  to 
any  one  person  in  any  one  year,"  with  the  understand- 
ing that  loans  "  be  paid  if  possible  within  two  years 
after  leaving  college,  with  the  privilege  of  renewal  for 
two  year  periods. "  *  *  On  the  renewal  of  a  loan  one-half 


FELLOWSHIPS    AND    SCHOLARSHIPS  223 

per  cent,  of  its  face  value  shall  be  charged, "  and  "  in 
the  event  of  any  loan  remaining  unpaid  at  the  expira- 
tion of  two  years  after  leaving  college,  interest  at  the 
rate  of  two  per  cent,  per  annum  shall  be  charged." 
"  In  case  of  the  death  of  the  student  to  whom  loans 
were  made,  the  loan  lapsed/' 

The  disbursement  of  this  fund  was  placed  in  the 
hands  of  the  Boston  Alumn®  Club,  and  during  the  two 
years  of  its  administration,  1910-1912,  $475  from  the 
Fraternity's  treasury  was  devoted  to  helping  Pi  Phi 
undergraduates. 

At  the  Evanston  Convention,  on  June  26,  1912,  it 
was  voted  "  that  a  permanent  Loan  Fund  of  not  less 
than  $200  per  annum  be  established,  the  details  of  its 
administration  to  be  worked  out  by  a  committee  ap- 
pointed by  the  Grand  President."  Mrs.  Mildred 
Babcock-Babcock,  Massachusetts  Alpha,  Elmira  Wilson, 
Iowa  Gamma,  and  Jennie  L.  Rowell,  Vermont  Beta, 
were  named  as  the  committee.  The  conditions  remained 
practically  the  same  as  the  previous  two  years.  Twenty- 
one  applications  for  loans  were  received  during  the 
three  years,  for  sums  ranging  from  ten  dollars  to  three 
hundred  dollars,  thirteen  of  which  were  granted. 

All  loans  made  after  June,  1912,  when  paid  back, 
will  go  into  a  permanent  Loan  Fund. 

"  The  Loan  Fund  each  year  has  been  made  use  of 
by  girls  who  otherwise  would  have  had  to  leave  college, 
so  that  it  has  more  than  justified  the  claim  for  the  needs 
of  its  establishment.  The  loans  show  a  geographical 
distribution  of  applicants  from  California  to  the  At- 
lantic coast." 


:t  Application  is  the  price  to  be  paid  for  mental  ac- 
quisition. To  have  the  harvest  we  must  sow  the  seed." 
—  BATLEY. 


CHAPTER   XVIII 

FRATERNITY  EXAMINATIONS 

EMMA  HARPER  TURNER  must  be  made  sponsor  for  our 
wise,  philosophical,  after-Christmas  bete  noire,  annual 
Fraternity  examinations. 

After  the  Galesburg  Convention  in  1890,  we  had 
among  our  standing  committees,  the  Library  Bureau, 
which  became  the  Literary  Bureau  after  the  Lawrence 
Convention  in  1892,  and  devoted  its  energies  to  out- 
lining and  developing  a  literary  program  in  the  chapter 
meetings,  and  especially  to  the  study  of  woman's  work 
and  achievements.  In  1893,  some  time  shortly  after  that 
memorable  World's  Fair  Convention  in  Chicago,  Miss 
Turner,  who  had  become  the  head  of  the  National 
Alumnae  Association,  suggested  to  the  Grand  Council 
that  the  Fraternity  make  the  study  of  our  history  its 
literary  work,  and  it  was  accordingly  assigned  to  the 
Literary  Bureau. 

Under  the  able  management  of  Florence  Chase  (Cass), 
of  Michigan  Alpha,  chairman  of  the  Literary  Bureau 
from  1893  to  1895,  our  first  examination  was  held  in 
April,  1894,  and  proved  so  highly  satisfactory  and  im- 
portant to  the  right  development  of  our  members  that 
they  were  continued  annually  until  1899,  when,  at  the 
Boulder  Convention,  the  Constitution  was  revised,  mak- 

227 


228  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

ing  it  one  of  the  Province  President's  duties  "  to  con- 
duct an  examination  on  the  Fraternity  Constitution 
and  Statutes,  history  and  policy,  and  on  parliamentary 
law,"  to  be  taken  by  every  chapter  between  December  1 
and  March  31,  and  the  Literary  Bureau  Committee  was 
dispensed  with. 

At  the  Evanston  Convention  in  1912,  the  preparation 
of  these  examinations  was  transferred  to  the  hands  of 
a  Committee  on  Fraternity  Examinations,  composed  at 
the  present  time  of  Edith  L.  Carpenter,  Vermont  Beta, 
chairman,  Louise  de  la  Barre-Branasch,  Minnesota  Al- 
pha, Mollie  Brown- Worcester,  Colorado  Alpha,  Grace 
Fahenstock-Birmingham,  Illinois  Delta,  and  Nellie  B. 
Wallbank,  Illinois  Beta. 

These  examinations  have  been  of  incalculable  benefit 
to  Pi  Beta  Phi,  compelling  the  members  to  become  fa- 
miliar with  the  ideals,  government  and  discipline  of  the 
organization,  helping  them  to  the  better  and  broader 
understanding  of  what  is  expected  of  a  fraternity  mem- 
ber. 

Too  often  the  fraternity  girl's  world  is  bounded  by 
the  horizon  of  her  own  chapter,  if  left  untrained,  and 
she  fails  to  realize  that  she  stands  for  a  living  example, 
not  alone  of  her  own  Greek  organization,  but  all  Greeks. 

"  What  Pi  Beta  Phi  means  to  each  of  us  we  cannot 
express  in  words;  what  she  is  to  us  we  can  best  show 
in  our  daily  acts,  and  in  our  kindness  to  those  around 
us.  Our  Fraternity  is  the  secret  stimulus  which  spurs 
us  ever  onward  to  things  that  are  '  noble,  good  and 
true/  and  the  girl  who  has  pledged  herself  to  think  only 
on  these  things,  feels  the  desire  to  be  the  embodiment 


FRATERNITY   EXAMINATIONS          229 

of  these  noble  qualities  arising  with  such  irresistible 
force  within  her  that  her  thoughts  and  actions  are  di- 
rected toward  the  good  of  the  Fraternity  and  her  asso- 
ciates." 


"  As  gold  more  splendid  from  the  fire  appears, 
So  friendship  brightens  with  the  length  of  years." 

—  MEANDER. 


CHAPTER  XIX 

PAN- HELLENIC   CONVENTIONS 

IN  response  to  the  invitation  of  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma, 
delegates  from  (1)  Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  (2)  Kappa 
Kappa  Gamma,  (3)  Alpha  Phi,  (4)  Delta  Gamma,  (5) 
Gamma  Phi  Beta,  (6)  Delta  Delta  Delta  and  (7)  Pi  Beta 
Phi  met  in  Boston  on  April  15,  1891,  to  discuss  methods 
for  the  betterment  of  fraternity  conditions  in  the  differ- 
ent colleges.  This  Convention  elected  Lucy  Wight,  Kappa 
Kappa  Gamma,  president,  Margaret  Smith,  Kappa  Al- 
pha Theta,  vice-president,  and  Emma  Harper  Turner, 
Pi  Beta  Phi,  secretary.  Into  the  hands  of  five  commit- 
tees the  principal  topics  under  discussion  were  placed 
for  submission  to  their  respective  fraternities.  These 
topics  covered  a  combined  effort  to:  (1)  secure  uniform- 
ity of  inter-fraternity  courtesy,  (2)  cooperation  in  pur- 
chasing fraternity  jewelry  and  stationery,  (3)  Pan- 
Hellenic  plans  for  the  World's  Fair  in  Chicago,  (4) 
uniformity  in  dates  of  fraternity  publications,  and  (5) 
inter-chapter  cooperation  and  etiquette.  The  Conven- 
tion having  no  legislative  power,  it  could  recommend 
only,  which  it  did  by  bringing  these  five  subjects  before 
their  organizations.  To  keep  alive  this  work,  a  stand- 
ing committee  composed  of  one  representative  from  each 
fraternity  present,  with  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Pi  Beta 

233 


234  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Phi,  as  chairman,  and  Lucy  Evelyn  Wight,  Kappa 
Kappa  Gamma,  as  secretary,  was  elected. 

On  the  16th,  at  a  reception  given  by  Phi  Chapter  of 
Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  Mrs.  Julia  Ward  Howe  received 
the  guests,  assisted  by  Miss  Kingsburg  and  one  delegate 
from  each  fraternity  of  the  Convention.  This  Conven- 
tion will  long  be  remembered  for  its  delightful  inter- 
fraternity  fellowship  and  cordial  good  will,  and  may  be 
considered  the  forerunner  of  our  present-day  Pan- 
Hellenic  Congress.  (See  Arrow,  June,  1891.) 

The  Congress  of  Fraternities.  —  During  the  Congress 
of  Fraternities,  held  in  Chicago,  during  the  World's 
Columbian  Fair,  July  19  and  20,  the  morning  session  of 
July  20  was  devoted  to  women's  college  fraternities. 
Mrs.  Charles  Henrotin  delivered  the  address  of  welcome, 
also  addresses  were  delivered  by  representatives  from 
Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  Delta  Gamma, 
Delta  Delta  Delta,  Alpha  Phi,  and  by  Mrs.  Gertrude 
Boughton  Blackwelder,  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  Mrs.  Bough- 
ton's  paper  was  on  the  "  Ethics  of  Fraternity,"  and  it 
was  reprinted  by  several  of  the  fraternity  magazines 
and  highly  complimented. 

A  social  meeting  of  grand  officers  was  held  in  the 
afternoon,  and  a  Pan-Hellenic  reception  was  held  in  the 
New  York  Building  in  the  evening,  which  proved  a  de- 
lightful Pan-Hellenic  occasion.  Pi  Beta  Phi  had  the 
largest  representation  of  any  woman's  fraternity  at  this 
reception. 

At  the  World's  Fair,  Pi  Beta  Phi  was  associated  with 
Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  Delta  Gamma,  Gamma  Phi  Beta 
and  Delta  Delta  Delta  in  a  Fraternity  Booth  in  the  Or- 


PAN -HELLENIC    CONVENTIONS         235 

ganization  Room  of  the  Woman's  Building,  where  a 
resting-place  for  fraternity  women  was  provided,  and 
also  a  register  for  the  names  of  members. 

While  these  meetings  seemed  to  be  filled  with  inter- 
sorority  enthusiasm,  the  time  proved  not  ripe  for  the 
permanent  organization  until  years  later. 

The  First  Inter-Sorority  Conference.  In  response  to 
an  invitation  from  Mrs.  Margaret  Mason-Whitney,  Na- 
tional President  of  Alpha  Phi,  representatives  of  seven 
national  fraternities  (Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  Kappa 
Kappa  Gamma,  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  Delta  Gamma,  Delta 
Delta  Delta,  Alpha  Phi  and  Pi  Beta  Phi)  met  at  Co- 
lumbus Memorial  Building,  Chicago,  on  May  24,  1902, 
for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  permanent  Pan-Hellenic 
organization.  Mrs.  Laura  H.  Newton,  Kappa  Alpha 
Theta,  was  elected  chairman,  and  Minnie  Ruth  Terry, 
Alpha  Phi,  secretary.  After  informal  but  important 
discussion,  the  recommendations  of  the  conference  were 
embodied  in  six  resolutions,  which  were  submitted  to 
the  several  fraternities  as  a  foundation  for  the  by-laws 
of  the  proposed  organization.  Elizabeth  Gamble  repre- 
sented Pi  Beta  Phi.  "  It  was  recommended  that  a  sim- 
ilar meeting,  called  by  each  of  the  several  fraternities  in 
rotation,  be  held  annually,  to  which  a  delegate  shall  be 
appointed  from  each  of  the  several  fraternities,  the 
meeting  of  1903  to  be  called  by  Gamma  Phi  Beta  in 
St.  Louis."  (See  Arrow,  July,  1902.) 

The  Second  Inter-Sorority  Conference  met  at  the  call 
of  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  in  St.  Louis,  on  September  19, 1903, 
to  receive  the  reports  upon  the  six  resolutions  submitted 
by  the  First  Conference,  and  to  form  if  possible  an 


236  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

inter-sorority  compact.  Alpha  Chi  Omega  and  Chi 
Omega  sent  delegates,  making  nine  fraternities  in  the 
conference.  Mrs.  Laura  B.  Norton,  Kappa  Alpha  Theta, 
was  chosen  chairman,  and  Lillian  Thompson,  Gamma 
Phi  Beta,  secretary.  The  reports  showed  that  the  ma- 
jority of  fraternities  refused  to  adopt  the  recommenda- 
tions of  the  previous  conference,  and  no  sorority  com- 
pact was  formed.  The  conference  ordered  the  forma- 
tion of  Pan-Hellenic  associations  in  every  institution  in 
which  two  or  more  national  fraternities  existed,  to  be 
formed  of  one  alumna  and  one  active  member  from  each 
chapter  represented  in  the  conference,  "  the  first  chap- 
ter established  in  each  institution  being  empowered  to 
organize  the  Pan-Hellenic  association  there,  chairman- 
ship to  be  held  in  rotation  by  each  chapter  in  the  order 
of  its  establishment."  (See  Arrow,  November,  1903.) 
The  Third  Inter-Sorority  Conference  was  called  by 
Delta  Gamma,  and  met  in  Chicago  on  September  16  and 
17,  1904.  Alpha  Xi  Delta  was  represented,  but  Alpha 
Chi  Omega  sent  no  representative.  Grace  Telling,  Delta 
Gamma,  was  made  chairman,  and  Amy  Olgen  (Parme- 
lee),  Delta  Delta  Delta,  secretary.  Pi  Beta  Phi  was 
represented  by  Elizabeth  Gamble.  The  question  of  ro- 
tation in  calling  the  conferences  was  decided  by  adopt- 
ing the  following  roster: —  (1)  Pi  Beta  Phi,  (2)  Kappa 
Alpha  Theta,  (3)  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  (4)  Delta 
Gamma,  (5)  Alpha  Phi,  (6)  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  (7)  Al- 
pha Chi  Omega,  (8)  Delta  Delta  Delta,  (9)  Alpha  Xi 
Delta,  (10)  Chi  Omega;  and  it  was  agreed  that  the 
delegate  from  the  fraternity  calling  the  conference 
should  act  as  chairman,  and  the  delegate  from  the  fra- 


PAN -HELLENIC    CONVENTIONS         237 

ternity  next  in  order  should  be  secretary.  C{  Each 
sorority  was  asked  to  instruct  its  chapters  that  the  pur- 
pose of  the  different  Pan-Hellenic  associations  was  not 
merely  to  promote  good  feeling  and  social  intercourse, 
but  especially  to  discuss  and  act  upon  all  matters  of 
inter-sorority  interest  with  a  view  to  raising  fraternity 
standards  and  ameliorating  existing  evils. "  (See  Ar- 
row, November,  1904.) 

The  Fourth  Inter-Sorority  Conference  met  in  Chi- 
cago, September  15  and  16,  1905;  Amy  H.  Olgen  (Par- 
malee),  Delta  Delta  Delta,  was  chairman,  and  Mrs.  Rob- 
ert Leib,  Alpha  Xi  Delta,  was  secretary.  Pi  Beta  Phi 
was  represented  by  Elizabeth  Gamble.  Alpha  Omicron 
Pi  was  admitted  to  the  conference.  It  was  voted  that 
no  sorority  should  be  admitted  to  membership  in  the 
conference  which  had  less  than  five  chapters,  or  which 
maintained  a  chapter  in  a  school  below  collegiate  rank. 
A  constitution  was  presented  for  submission  to  the  heads 
of  the  different  fraternities.  (See  Arrow,  November, 
1905.) 

The  Fifth  Inter-Sorority  Conference  was  called  by 
Mrs.  Robert  Leib,  Alpha  Xi  Delta,  in  Chicago,  on  Sep- 
tember 14,  1906,  with  Jobelle  Holcombe,  Chi  Omega, 
acting  as  secretary.  A  committee  on  credentials  re- 
ported the  following  present: —  (1)  Pi  Beta  Phi,  Eliz- 
abeth Gamble;  (2)  Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  Mrs.  Laura  H. 
Norton;  (3)  Kappa  Kappa  Kappa,  George  Challoner; 
(4)  Delta  Gamma,  Margaret  Sheppard;  (5)  Alpha  Phi, 
Mrs.  J.  H.  McElroy;  (6)  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  Lillian  W. 
Thompson;  (7)  Alpha  Chi  Omega,  Mrs.  Richard  Ten- 
nant;  (8)  Delta  Delta  Delta,  Amy  Olgen  Parmelee; 


238  PI   BETA  PHI   FRATERNITY 

(9)  Alpha  Xi  Delta,  Mrs.  Robert  Leib;  (10)  Chi  Omega, 
Jobelle  Holcombe;  (11)  Sigma  Kappa,  Mrs.  G.  A. 
Marsh;  (12)  Alpha  Omicron  Pi,  Mrs.  Clifford  Bigelow. 
This  conference  adopted  a  model  constitution  for  local 
Pan-Hellenic  associations.  It  was  moved  that  sororities 
in  high  schools  and  other  secondary  schools  be  discoun- 
tenanced. (See  Arrow,  November,  1906.) 

The  Sixth  Inter-Sorority  Conference  met  in  Chicago, 
September  13,  1907,  with  Miss  Jobelle  Holcombe,  Chi 
Omega,  as  chairman,  and  Elda  L.  Smith,  Pi  Beta  Phi, 
as  secretary.  The  proposed  constitutions  for  the  con- 
ference and  for  the  local  associations  were  discussed. 
Alumnae  were  urged  to  assist  in  solving  local  Pan- 
Hellenic  differences.  Marked  progress  along  the  line 
of  social  service  was  reported.  (See  Arrow,  November, 
1907.) 

The  Seventh  Inter-Sorority  Conference  met  in  Chi- 
cago on  September  11,  1908,  at  the  call  of  Pi  Beta  Phi, 
Anna  W.  Lytle  (Tannahill)  presiding  and  L.  Pearle 
Green,  Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  acting  as  secretary.  The 
proposed  constitution  for  the  conference  was  accepted 
by  all  the  sororities  present,  and  the  name  of  the  organ- 
ization was  changed  to  National  Pan-Hellenic  Confer- 
ence. Much  important  business  was  transacted  at  this 
conference.  (See  Arrow,  November,  1908.) 

The  Eighth  National  Pan-Hellenic  Conference  met  in 
Chicago  September  17  and  18,  1909,  L.  Pearle  Green, 
Kappa  Alpha  Theta,  presiding,  and  Edith  Stoner, 
Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  acting  as  secretary.  Pi  Beta 
Phi  was  represented  by  May  L.  Keller.  Zeta  Tau  Alpha 
and  Alpha  Gamma  Delta  were  admitted  to  the  confer- 


PAN -HELLENIC    CONVENTIONS         239 

ence  and  sent  representatives.  Upon  recommendation 
of  the  Extension  Committee  and  by  vote  of  the  grand 
presidents  Alpha  Delta  Phi  and  Delta  Zeta  were  ad- 
mitted. The  fraternities  were  asked  to  vest  limited  leg- 
islative power  in  their  delegates  and  that  seven-eights 
vote  should  decide  matters  voted  upon  at  the  confer- 
ence; members  were  urged  not  to  allow  fraternity  loy- 
alty to  conflict  with  college  loyalty.  A  new  model  con- 
stitution for  local  associations  was  prepared.  (See  Ar- 
row, November,  1909.) 

The  Ninth  National  Pan-Hellenic  Conference  was  held 
in  Chicago  on  September  16  and  17,  1910,  Mrs.  A.  H. 
Roth,  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  presiding,  with  Mar- 
guerite B.  Lake,  Delta  Gamma,  acting  as  secretary.  Pi 
Beta  Phi  was  represented  by  Elda  L.  Smith.  Sixteen 
fraternities  sent  delegates.  Alpha  Delta  Phi  and  Delta 
Zeta  were  represented  for  the  first  time.  A  material 
strengthening  of  the  value  of  these  conferences  dates 
from  about  this  time.  Much  valuable  discussion  and 
legislation  characterizes  the  meetings.  One  hundred 
and  twenty-two  fraternity  women  met  at  luncheon  at 
the  Chicago  Beach  Hotel.  (See  Arrow,  January,  1911.) 

The  Tenth  National  Pan-Hellenic  Conference  met  at 
Evanston,  Illinois,  November  3  and  4,  1911,  with  Mar- 
guerite Lake,  Delta  Gamma,  presiding  and  Mrs.  John 
Howard  McElroy  acting  as  secretary.  Pi  Beta  Phi  was 
represented  by  May  L.  Keller.  The  name  of  the  con- 
ference was  changed  to  National  Pan-Hellenic  Congress. 
A  new  constitution  was  adopted,  which  granted  limited 
legislative  power  to  the  delegates.  Government  be- 
tween sessions  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  an  executive 


240  PI"  BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

committee  of  three,  to  serve  as  chairman,  secretary  and 
treasurer.  Provision  was  made  for  the  issuing  of  quar- 
terly bulletins.  The  conference  closed  with  a  Pan-Hel- 
lenic luncheon  in  Patton  Gymnasium,  Northwestern 
University,  at  which  covers  were  laid  for  three  hundred 
and  fifty.  Thirty-one  Pi  Phis  were  present,  represent- 
ing fifteen  different  chapters.  (See  Arrow,  January, 
1912.) 

The  Eleventh  Pan-Hellenic  Congress  met  at  the  Con- 
gress Hotel,  Chicago,  on  October  17,  18  and  19,  1912, 
with  Mrs.  Cora  Allen  McElroy,  Alpha  Phi,  presiding 
and  Lillian  Thompson,  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  acting  as  sec- 
retary. Mrs.  James  L.  Lardner  was  the  delegate  from 
Pi  Beta  Phi.  During  the  year  Phi  Mu  and  Kappa 
Delta  were  admitted  to  the  Congress.  Mrs.  Ida  Shaw 
Martin,  Delta  Delta  Delta,  was  appointed  Historian  of 
the  Congress  for  the  coming  five  years.  The  following 
committees  were  appointed  to  work  during  the  coming 
year  and  report  to  the  Twelfth  Congress :  —  Committee 
on  Point  System,  Committee  on  Investigating  Inter- 
fraternity  Organizations,  and  Committee  to  Investigate 
Sophomore  Pledge  Day.  Three  hundred  and  ninety-one 
fraternity  women  and  one  fraternity  man  (Mr.  George 
Banta,  Phi  Delta  Theta)  were  present  at  the  annual 
Pan-Hellenic  luncheon  in  Patton  Gymnasium,  North- 
western University,  Evenston,  with  Mrs.  McElroy  toast- 
mistress.  (See  Arrow,  January,  1913.) 

The  Twelfth  Pan-Hellenic  Congress  met  at  the  Con- 
gress Hotel,  Chicago,  on  October  16,  17  and  18,  1913, 
with  Lillian  Thompson,  Gamma  Phi  Beta,  presiding, 
Lois  Smith-Crann,  Alpha  Chi  Omega,  acting  secretary, 


PAN -HELLENIC    CONVENTIONS         241 

and  Amy  Olgen-Parmelee,  Delta  Delta  Delta,  treasurer. 
Mrs.  J.  L.  Lardner  was  the  delegate  from  Pi  Beta  Phi. 
City  Pan-Hellenics  reported.  Contested  fraternity 
fields  discussed;  resolution  passed,  "  That  no  fraternity 
represented  in  the  National  Pan-Hellenic  Congress  bid 
a  girl  who  has  been  a  member  of  a  so-called  sorority,  or 
other  secret  Greek  letter  society  of  similar  nature,  exist- 
ing in  a  high  school  or  other  school  of  equivalent  stand- 
ing, whether  such  society  exist  openly  or  secretly.  This- 
ruling  to  apply  to  a  person  who  shall  either  accept  or 
retain  membership  in  such  society  after  September, 
1915."  Financial  support  was  given  the  Chicago  Colle- 
giate Bureau  of  Occupation.  The  first  conference  of 
editors  of  fraternity  magazines  met  in  connection  with 
this  Congress,  on  the  16th  of  October.  (See  Arrow, 
December,  1913.) 

The  Thirteenth  National  Pan-Hellenic  Congress  met 
at  the  McAlpin  Hotel,  New  York,  on  October  15,  16 
and  17,  1914,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Crann  presiding,  Mrs.  E.  N. 
Parmalee  acting  as  secretary,  and  Miss  Lena  G.  Baldwin 
reported  as  treasurer.  Mrs.  J.  L.  Lardner  was  the 
delegate  from  Pi  Beta  Phi.  A  meeting  of  the  Grand 
Presidents  preceded  the  Congress.  Eighteen  fraterni- 
ties submitted  their  annual  reports.  The  business  of  the 
Congress  was  systematized  and  reported  through  the 
following  standing  committees: — (1)  Eligibility,  (2) 
Extension,  (3)  Social  Customs,  (4)  Conference  with 
College  Presidents,  (5)  Local  Pan-Hellenics,  (6)  Rec- 
commendations,  (7)  City  Pan-Hellenics,  (8)  to  Study 
Secrecy  of  College  Fraternities,  (9)  to  Study  Certain 
Definite  Phases  of  Fraternity  Life,  (10)  on  Codifi- 


242  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

cation,  (11)  on  Compilation  of  Material  in  Frater- 
nity Reference  Bureau,  and  (12)  on  Recast  of  Eligi- 
bility Matriculation  Clause.  The  Executive  Committee 
for  1914-1915:  Chairman,  Mrs.  E.  N.  Parmalee,  Delta 
Delta  Delta;  Secretary,  Miss  Lena  G.  Baldwin,  Alpha 
Xi  Delta;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Love-Collins,  Chi 
Omega.  Three  hundred  and  seventy-seven  "  Greeks  " 
sat  at  luncheon  together  at  the  McAlpin  Hotel,  at  which 
Mrs.  Crann  presided  as  toastmistress.  (See  Arroiv,  De- 
cember, 1914.) 


"  It  has  seemed  to  me  that  three  things  must  enter 
into  the  life  of  every  wholesome  girl:  loyalty  to  ideals , 
which  must  never  waver;  enthusiasm  and  steadfast 
purpose  in  following  the  gleam;  and  the  desire  for 
service ,  ivhich,  when  granted,  makes  life  worth  living." 
—  SOPHIE  WOODMAN. 


I 

tuo 


CHAPTER   XX 

PI  BETA   PHI   SETTLEMENT   SCHOOL 

EMMA  HARPER  TURNER,  delegate  from  the  Washing- 
ton Alumnae  Club,  presented  to  the  Alumnae  at  its  regu- 
lar convention  meeting  on  June  29,  1910,  a  proposition 
for  the  establishment  of  a  settlement  school  in  the  Ap- 
palachian Mountains  in  honor  of  the  Founders  and 
founding  of  Pi  Beta  Phi.  The  idea  met  with  the  enthu- 
siastic support  of  the  Alumnae,  and  a  committee,  with 
Anna  F.  T.  Pettit  (Broomell),  Pennsylvania  Alpha  as 
chairman,  was  instructed  to  present  the  matter  to  the 
National  Convention.  Mrs.  Pettit-Broomell,  as  chair- 
man, offered  the  following  recommendation,  at  the 
morning  session  of  June  30,  1910:— (1)  "  That  the 
sanction  of  this  Convention  be  given  to  a  plan  sug- 
gested by  the  Washington  Alumnae  Club  for  a  settle- 
ment school  in  the  Appalachian  Mountains  in  honor  of 
the  Founders  and  founding  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  thus  open- 
ing the  doors  of  opportunity  to  Pi  Beta  Phi  to  become 
a  pioneer  among  women's  fraternities  in  one  of  the 
great  altruistic  movements  of  the  present  day.  That 
this  worthy  memorial  be  dedicated  to  our  Founders  on 
the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  Fraternity:  (2)  That  the 
following  committee,  representing  the  National  Alumnae, 
be  elected  by  Convention  to  outline  and  develop  the 
work :  —  Emma  Harper  Turner,  Columbia  Alpha,  Julia 
E.  Rogers,  Iowa  Zeta,  Mary  B.  Harris,  Pennsylvania 

245 


246  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

Beta,  Leila  R.  Soule  (Bitting),  Michigan  Alpha,  Jennie 
C.  Rainey,  Louisiana  Alpha,  Mary  E.  Wallihan  (Gib- 
son), Colorado  Beta,  Alice  C.  Stewart- Wolf,  Illinois 
Delta,  Edith  L.  Carpenter,  Vermont  Beta,  Jennie  B. 
Allyn,  Massachusetts  Alpha,  and  Anna  F.  T.  Pettit 
(Broomell),  Pennsylvania  Alpha."  The  proposition 
met  with  the  hearty  support  of  the  National  Convention 
and  the  committee  began  its  work  at  once.  The  follow- 
ing eighteen  months  were  spent  in  careful  and  extensive 
investigations  of  the  needy  fields.  By  the  process  of 
elimination,  the  investigators,  May  L.  Keller,  Anna 
Pettit  (Broomell)  and  Emma  Harper  Turner,  finally 
settled  upon  Gatlinburg,  Tennessee,  as  the  most  isolated 
and  needy  place  in  the  Appalachian  Mountains,  and  on 
February  20,  1912.  the  doors  of  the  Pi  Beta  Phi  Settle- 
ment School  were  opened  for  scholars,  with  Miss  Martha 
Hill,  an  experienced  mountain  worker,  as  teacher.  Our 
schoolhouse  was  a  rented  building  alongside  the  main 
road,  overlooking  the  Little  Pigeon  River,  while  the 
teacher's  cottage,  which  had  been  simply  but  com- 
fortably furnished,  stood  back  on  the  mountainside  at 
the  edge  of  the  thick  wood.  The  first  term  of  school 
opened  with  thirteen  pupils,  and  closed  June  28  with 
thirty-three  pupils. 

At  the  Evanston  Convention,  in  July,  1912,  upon  the 
recommendation  of  the  original  committee  of  ten,  the 
National  Convention  requested  the  Chicago  Alumnae 
Club  to  assume  control  of  the  Settlement  School.  This 
second  committee  was  composed  of  Elizabeth  A.  Clarke- 
Helmick,  Michigan  Alpha,  Kate  B.  Miller,  Iowa  Beta, 
Lulu  Alvord-Barrett,  Michigan  Alpha,  Dema  Harsh- 


Mary  O.  Pollard. 


Dell  Gillett  Morgan. 


Pi  Beta  Phi  Cottage. 


PI    BETA    PHI    SETTLEMENT    SCHOOL  247 

barger,  Illinois  Delta,  and  Lucy  Hammond- Von  Hoist, 
Colorado  Beta.  , 

In  August,  the  second  session,  with  Miss  Hill  cooper- 
ating and  working  in  junction  with  the  native  district 
teacher,  opened  with  over  seventy  scholars.  On  Decem- 
ber 1,  the  county  school  funds  having  become  exhausted, 
we  sent  our  first  Pi  Phi  teacher,  Dell  Gillette  (Morgan), 
Illinois  Zeta,  to  Miss  Hills 's  assistance,  and  from  the 
infusion  of  real  Pi  Phi  earnestness  and  spirit  into  our 
mountain  work,  the  school  has  grown  beyond  our  most 
sanguine  hopes  in  its  usefulness  and  far-reaching  and 
lasting  good.  This  session  closed  the  last  of  March  with 
over  one  hundred  regular  pupils,  some  of  whom  had 
moved  to  Gatlinburg  for  the  school,  and  others  were 
walking  ten  miles  daily  to  attend.  Besides  the  regular 
school  work,  sewing  and  cooking  classes  were  organized, 
and  industrial  work  became  a  feature. 

In  July,  1913,  the  people  of  Gatlinburg  gave  to  the 
Fraternity  thirty-five  acres  of  the  choicest  land  in  the 
district  for  its  permanent  home.  The  buildings  on  the 
property  were  put  in  good  repair,  and  the  third  session 
of  the  school  began  in  August  in  our  own  building  — 
the  same  one  in  which  Miss  Hill  had  opened  the  school 
the  previous  year.  Abbie  B.  Langmaid,  Minnesota 
Alpha,  assisted  by  Helen  Bryan,  New  York  Beta,  was 
in  charge  until  October,  when  Mary  0.  Pollard,  Ver- 
mont Alpha,  succeeded  to  head  resident.  In  December 
the  contract  was  let  to  C.  R.  Williams  and  A.  J.  Huff  for 
building  the  six-room  schoolhouse.  Lumber  was  sawed 
from  logs  from  the  mountainsides,  and  the  carpenters 
were  mostly  men  of  the  neighborhood.  Our  greatest  bill 


248  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

of  expense  was  the  freighting  over  the  mountains,  mak- 
ing the  building,  when  completed,  cost  $3,560. 

In  January,  1914,  our  work  had  increased  to  such 
proportions  that  two  more  workers  were  necessary,  and 
Edith  Wilson,  Indiana  Alpha,  and  Leah  Stock,  Mich- 
igan Alpha,  volunteered  their  services,  making  four 
teachers,  with  one  hundred  and  twenty-seven  pupils. 
The  industrial  and  settlement  work  had  grown  to  be  so 
important  that  when  school  closed  on  April  3,  1914, 
Miss  Pollard  remained  on.  During  the  Spring  she  or- 
ganized the  first  Tomato  Club  of  the  county,  and  fa- 
miliarized herself  with  the  industrial  needs  of  the  peo- 
ple, and  studied  to  help  them  as  only  an  intelligent, 
earnest,  self-sacrificing  person  can.  She  had  the  state 
hookworm  specialist  at  the  school  and  personally 
helped  in  waging  war  against  that  ever  present  pest 
among  these  people.  The  generous  supply  of  seeds  and 
bulbs  sent  by  the  U.  S.  Agricultural  Department  at 
Washington  was  distributed  among  the  people  and  in- 
structions given  for  beautifying  their  yards  and  homes. 

During  the  first  week  in  July  the  Grand  Council  were 
guests  of  the  School,  and  upon  July  9th,  the  new  six- 
room  school  building  was  dedicated,  in  the  presence  of 
eight  Pi  Phis  and  some  five  hundred  people. 

The  fourth  session  of  the  school  opened  August  10, 
1914,  with  Mary  0.  Pollard,  head  resident,  Edith  Wil- 
son and  Marie  Ditmars,  Indiana  Alpha,  and  Margaret 
Young,  Illinois  Epsilon,  as  assistants,  and  with  one 
hundred  and  thirty-four  pupils.  The  County  School 
Board  voted  the  county  appropriation  of  $375  to  the 
Pi  Beta  Phi  Settlement  School. 


Pi  Beta  Phi  School  1915. 


fll'lHn  !>;|!"  I  V'l>, 

•  ..'••,. 

1  • '  "  . r!       . ;  ••     .        :\t, 

Settlement  School  Assistants. 


PI   BETA   PHI   SETTLEMENT   SCHOOL  249 

After  the  most  profitable  session  in  the  history  of  the 
undertaking,  school  closed  on  April  2,  1915. 

The  mountain  people  among  whom  our  Pi  Phis  are 
laboring  are  a  sturdy  American  strain;  their  ancestors 
were  the  patriots  of  the  Revolutionary  days  of  our 
country,  and  the  account  of  the  victories  won  by  them 
in  these  very  mountains  make  an  important  chapter  in 
our  country's  history.  They  came  from  strong  Scotch- 
Irish  and  pure  English  stock  and  to-day  are  as  primi- 
tive and  simple  as  we  might  have  found  our  own  ances- 
tors centuries  ago.  Their  ignorance,  and  all  that  goes 
with  generations  of  neglect,  are  beyond  our  imagina- 
tion. For  generations,  many  of  them  have  not  seen  a 
book  or  magazine;  no  new  blood  has  come  into  their 
settlements,  and  many  have  never  been  ten  miles  from 
their  door-steps.  It  has  been  estimated  that  not  over 
one  per  cent,  of  the  isolated  mountain  people  can  read 
or  write.  Their  lives  and  living  have  drifted  back  in 
many  cases  to  almost  the  animal  existence,  though  by 
instinct  they  are  courteous  and  kind.  The  object  of  the 
school  is  to  teach  the  people  to  read  and  write,  to  sew 
and  cook,  to  develop  the  natural  resources  at  their  doors, 
and  to  make  them  a  useful  and  happy  people  in  the 
mountains,  and  an  honor  to  their  country. 

"We.  Pi  Phi  sisters  here,  they,  hillfolk  sisters  there, 
We,  in  the  midst  of  all  things  lovely  and  true, 
They,  for  whom  the  whole  world  seems  askew, 
Shall  we,  the  women  on  whom  God's  light 
Shines,  not  by  reason  of  our  bright, 
Refuse  to  share  it  with  our  sisters  there  ?  " 

—  Kate  B.  Miller. 


"  True  friends  have  no  solitary  joy  or  sorrow."  — 
WM.  ELLERY  C BANNING. 


CHAPTER    XXI 

CONCLUSION 

Pi  BETA  PHI  FRATERNITY  is  an  organization  including 
among  her  members  women  in  every  walk  of  life  who 
have  pledged  themselves  to  a  "  friendship  that  by  the 
very  privacy  of  the  organization  may  have  a  deeper 
meaning  than  those  of  every  day  life;  friendship  that 
means  companionship  in  its  threefold  character  of 
similarity  of  tastes,  confidence  and  steadfastness."  No 
one  is  invited  to  membership  until  the  utmost  care  has 
been  taken  to  ascertain  that  this  exists.  Pi  Beta  Phi 
teaches  unselfishness,  patience,  self-control,  charity, 
sympathy,  purity,  love  and  friendship  in  their  purer 
and  truer  sense;  she  teaches  that  there  are  common 
and  binding  ties  other  than  those  of  family  blood. 
Through  forty-eight  years  and  by  over  eight  thousand 
women  these  standards  of  life  and  thought,  duty  and 
responsibility  have  been  upheld,  demanding  the  very 
best  in  her  members  and  championing  the  very  best  in 
life.  We  expect  more  of  our  members  because  of  the 
fact  that  they  belong  to  Pi  Beta  Phi. 

It  has  been  claimed  that  fraternities  are  exclusive. 
Very  true,  they  are  exclusive  as  every  family  is  exclu- 
sive, or  as  each  church  organization  is  exclusive,  or  as 
clubs  are  exclusive.  However,  membership  in  Pi  Beta 
Phi  is  not  confined  to  the  wealthy,  or  even  to  those 
brilliant  in  mind  and  beautiful  in  face  or  figure,  but  is 

253 


254  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

composed  of  kindred  and  congenial  spirits,  selected  with 
great  care  in  order  that  her  members  may  perpetuate 
the  vows  of  her  Founders  and  members  as  we  select  our 
lifelong  friends  in  every-day  life.  If  it  were  otherwise, 
and  these  conditions  were  not  forced  upon  us,  its  strong- 
hold upon  the  lives  of  her  members  would  be  lost. 

The  fraternity  is  not  a  family,  church  nor  club,  and 
yet  some  of  the  ruling  ideas  of  each  must  be  woven  into 
her  structure.  Upon  entering  college  for  the  first  time, 
the  fraternity  furnishes  the  initiate  her  college  home 
life.  The  love,  loyalty  and  close  companionship  of 
home  are  found  in  the  fraternity,  and  its  union  and 
relationship  are  very  strong  and  sacred.  * '  The  cardinal 
virtues  of  the  happy  family  circle  are  the  fundamental 
props  of  the  fraternity."  The  chapter  house,  presided 
over  by  a  woman  of  ability,  culture  and  experience  takes 
the  place  of  the  home  when  the  girl  starting  upon  her 
college  career  is  particularly  in  need  of  the  close  com- 
panionship of  those  who  will  treat  her  with  a  mixture 
of  charity  and  frank  criticism  and  in  the  fraternity 
she  receives  the  love,  sympathv  and  guidance  that 
would  be  given  her  by  her  parents.  Some  one  has  ex- 
claimed: "  Blessings  on  the  chapter  house  around  which 
clusters  some  of  the  most  precious  associations  of  col- 
lege life.  Though  its  roof  may  leak,  or  its  furnace 
smoke,  though  its  landlord  may  scold  or  its  mortgage 
clamor,  it  will  always  stretch  its  wings  to  cover  just  one 
more  homesick  freshman  or  old  alumna,  and  it  can  hold 
more  good  times  than  all  the  marble  halls  that  were 
ever  built  in  Spain." 

It  has  been  claimed  that  Fraternities  cultivate  the 


CONCLUSION  255 

social  side  of  college  life  to  the  sacrifice  of  scholarship. 
Membership  in  Pi  Beta  Phi  is  condusive  to  better  scholar- 
ship. She  demands  that  her  members  live  up  to  a  high 
standard  of  scholarship,  and  she  maintains  a  scholarship 
committee  in  each  chapter  which  is  responsible  to  the 
Fraternity  for  the  scholastic  standing  of  her  chapter. 
At  least  once  each  year  every  chapter  is  visited  by  one 
of  the  Fraternity's  officers  for  thorough  inspection  and 
advice.  She  confers  with  the  Dean  of  Women  and  tries 
to  ascertain  accurately  just  how  each  member  of  the 
chapter  stands  in  scholarship  and  in  college  activities. 
Low  scholarship  is  a  subject  for  discipline  and  continued 
low  scholarship  caused  by  neglect  or  indifference  is  pun- 
ishable by  forfeiture  of  the  charter  of  the  chapter. 

"  Life  in  every  chapter  is  a  practical  training  school 
for  the  cultivation  and  strengthening  of  self-control, 
self-restraint,  loyalty,  intelligent  consideration  of  others, 
keenness  of  judgment  and  larger  opportunities  in  col- 
lege and  life."  The  Big  Sister  movement  is  strongly 
exemplified  in  the  fraternity  life  and  the  fraternity 
house  offers  the  family  care  and  love  and  mutual  help- 
fulness of  the  home,  while  to  be  appreciated,  trusted, 
loved,  makes  the  joy  of  endeavor  and  work  more  keen 
and  the  sting  of  sorrow  and  disappointment  less  poig- 
nant. There  are  thousands  of  college  women  to-day  who 
will  support  the  statement  that  their  fraternity  friend- 
ships were  the  best  gift  of  their  college  course.  The 
close  organization,  lifelong  intimacy  and  personal  cul- 
ture, cooperation  with  one  another  and  loyalty  unto 
death  incite  us  to  strive  for  the  very  best  possible  in  us 
and  for  each  other.  The  greatest  benefit  comes  to  the 


256  PI    BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

fraternity  girl  herself  in  the  developing  and  strengthen- 
ing of  her  own  character.  "  Her  high  aim  in  life  is 
forced  upon  her  by  nature  of  the  conditions  of  her  mem- 
bership and  life  in  the  fraternity." 

In  her  initiation  ceremony  every  Pi  Beta  Phi  pledges 
her  loyalty  to  her  Alma  Mater,  and  she  insists  that  her 
members  at  all  times  support  the  college  authorities.  In- 
fringement or  violation  of  college  rights  and  rules  are 
liable  to  punishment  and  even  expulsion  of  the  erring 
member.  Our  members  are  impressed  with  the  teaching 
that ' '  in  the  classroom  a  Pi  Beta  Phi 's  faithfulness,  ear- 
nestness and  courtesy  must  be  ever  apparent  and  at  all 
times  the  life  of  a  Pi  Beta  Phi  must  be  so  womanly  as 
to  set  a  standard  for  the  society  in  which  she  moves." 

The  Fraternity  in  its  organization  and  all  that  it 
teaches  and  stands  for  in  the  lives  of  its  members  is 
unimpeachable  and  deserves  the  generous  support  of  all 
parents  and  educators.  College  spirit  and  standards 
are  strengthened  by  the  Fraternity,  making  her  a  prom- 
inent and  worthy  factor  in  college  life,  and  many  a 
student  has  been  led  to  complete  her  course  against 
great  odds  through  her  fraternity's  influence  and  aid. 

The  Arrow  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  worn  upon  the  breast  of 
her  members  is  the  "  outward  and  visible  sign  of  the 
inward  and  spiritual  grace  "  that  has  indelibly  placed 
its  approval  upon  nothing  short  of  the  true,  honest, 
just,  pure,  lovely. 

"  Any  institution  that  fosters  true  friendship  and 
love  for  another,  high  ideals  and  aims  in  living,  striving 
for  the  beautiful  and  virtuous  in  life  should  be  encour- 
aged for  these  are  the  central  force  of  all  right  living. ' ' 


"  Finally,  whatsoever  things  are  true, 
Whatsoever  things  are  honest, 
Whatsoever  things  are  just, 
Whatsoever  things  are  pure, 
Whatsoever  things  are  lovely, 
Whatsoever  things  are  of  good  report 
If  there  be  any  virtue  and  if  there 
Be  any  praise,  think  on  these  things. 


APPENDIX 


FRATERNITY   DIRECTORY 


FOUNDERS   OF   THE   FRATERNITY 
Maggie  Campbell,  Thyne  Institute,  Chase  City,  Va. 
Libbie  Brook -Gaddis,  1005  S.  Third  St.,  Champaign,  HI. 
Ada  Bruen-Grier,  16  Thomas  Ave.,  Bellevue,  Pa. 
Clara  Brownlee-Hutchinson,  Monmouth,  111. 
Emma  Brownlee-Kilgore,  7639  Lowe  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 
Fannie  Whitenack-Libby,  Goodhue,  Minn. 
Rose  Moore,  59  East  21st  St.,  New  York  City. 
Ina  Smith-Soule,  912  North  L  St.,  Tacoma,  Wash. 
Jennie  Horne-Turnbull,  2510  N.  32d  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Fannie  Thompson  (deceased). 
Nancy  Black-Wallace,  1049  Court  St.,  Salem,  Ore. 


GRAND   COUNCIL 

Grand  President  —  May  L.  Keller,  Westhampton  College,  Rich- 
mond, Va. 

Grand  Vice -President  —  Lida  Burkhard  Lardner    (Mrs.  J.  L.), 
810  Milburn  St.,  Evanston,  111. 

Grand   Secretary.  —  Amy  B.   Onken,  Chapin,  111. 

Grand  Treasurer  —  Anne  Stuart,  1906  D  St.,  Lincoln,  Neb. 

Arrow  Editor  — Sarah  Pomeroy-Rugg  (Mrs.  F.  A.),  580  Com- 
monwealth Ave.,  Boston,  Mass. 

259 


260  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

HISTORIAN 
Elizabeth  Clarke  Helmick  (Mrs.  Eli  A.),  Fort  Sheridan,  HL 


CATALOGUER 
Kate  McLaughlin  Bourne  (Mrs.  Harry  S.),  Lewisburg,  Pa. 


ALUMNAE    EDITOR 
Sophie  Parsons  Woodman,  561  West  186th  St.,  New  York  City. 


Pi  Beta  Phi  Representative  in  National  Pan-Hellenic  Con- 
gress—Lida  Burkhard  Lardner  (Mrs,  J.  L.),  810  Milburn  St., 
Evanston,  HL 


ALPHA   PROVINCE 

President  —  Anna    Robinson-Nickerson    (Mrs.    David    D.),    74 
Rockland  Ave.,  Maiden.  Mass. 

Ontario  Alpha  —  University  of  Toronto.  Vermont  Alpha  — 
Middlebury  College.  Vermont  Beta  —  University  of  Vermont. 
Massachusetts  Alpha  — Boston  University.  New  York  Alpha 
—  Syracuse  University.  New  York  Beta  — Barnard  College. 
New  York  Gamma  —  St.  Lawrence  University.  Maryland  Al- 
pha—  Goucher  College.  Columbia  Alpha  —  George  Washington 
University.  Virginia  Alpha  —  Randolph-Macon  College. 
Florida  Alpha  —  John.  B.  Stetson  University, 


BETA    PROVINCE 

President— Anna    F.    T.    Pettit-Broomell    (Mrs.    G.   L.),    4929 
Rubican  Ave..  Gennantown,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


FRATERNITY   DIRECTORY  261 

Pennsylvania  Alpha  —  Swarthmore  College.  Pennsylvania 
Beta  —  Bucknell  University.  Pennsylvania  Gamma  —  Dickin- 
son College.  Ohio  Alpha  —  Ohio  University.  Ohio  Beta  — 
Ohio  State  University.  Michigan  Alpha  —  Hillsdale  College. 
Michigan  Beta  —  University  of  Michigan. 


GAMMA   PROVINCE 

President  —  Kate  B.  Miller,  112  S.  Ashland  Blvd.,  Chicago,  HI. 

Minnesota  Alpha  —  University  of  Minnesota.  Wisconsin  Al- 
pha —  University  of  Wisconsin.  Illinois  Beta  —  Lombard  Col- 
lege. Illinois  Delta  —  Knox  College.  Illinois  Epsilon  — 
Northwestern  University.  Illinois  Zeta  —  University  of  Illi- 
nois. Illinois  Eta  —  James  Millikin  University.  Indiana 
Alpha  —  Franklin  College.  Indiana  Beta  —  University  of  In- 
diana. Indiana  Gamma  —  Butler  College. 


DELTA   PROVINCE 

President  —  Lois  Janvier,  1445  Webster  St.,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Iowa  Alpha  —  Iowa  Wesleyan  College.  Iowa  Beta  —  Simp- 
son College.  Iowa  Gamma  —  Iowa  State  College.  Iowa 
Zeta  —  Iowa  State  University.  Nebraska  Beta  —  University  of 
Nebraska.  Missouri  Alpha  —  University  of  Missouri.  Mis- 
souri Beta  —  Washington  University.  Missouri  Gamma  — 
Drury  College.  Kansas  Alpha  —  University  of  Kansas.  Ar- 
kansas Alpha  —  University  of  Arkansas.  Louisiana  Alpha  — 
Newcomb  College. 


EPSILON   PROVINCE 

President  —  Gertrude  Fitz-Randolph-Currens  (Mra.  J.  W.),  1510 
13th  St.,  Boulder,  Colo. 

Oklahoma  Alpha  —  University  of  Oklahoma.  Texas  Alpha  — 
University  of  Texas.  Wyoming  Alpha  —  University  of  Wyo- 


262  PI   BETA   PHI   FRATERNITY 

ming.        Colorado   Alpha  —  University   of   Colorado.        Colorado 
Beta  —  University  of  Denver. 


ZETA   PROVINCE 

President  —  Marguerite  Davis-Carney  (Mrs.  P.  F.),  3504  Etna 
St.,  Berkeley,  Cal. 

California  Alpha  — Leland  Stanford,  Jr.  California  Beta  — 
University  of  California.  Washington  Alpha  —  University  of 
Washington.  Washington  Beta  —  Washington  State  College. 


ALUMNAE   DEPARTMENT   DIRECTORY 

Secretary  for  the  Alumnae  and  Grand  Vice-President  —  Lida 
Burkhard  Lardner  (Mrs.  J.  L.),  810  Milburn  St.,  Evanston,  HI. 

Alumnae  Editor  —  Sophie  Parsons  Woodman,  561  West  186 
St.,  New  York  City. 

Secretary  for  Foreign  Countries  —  Grand  Vice -President. 

Committee  on  Settlement  School  —  Elizabeth  Clarke-Helmick 
(Mrs.  Eli  A.),  chairman  and  treasurer,  Fort  Sheridan,  Illinois. 


ALPHA   PROVINCE 

Vice-President  —  Grace  Goodhue-Coolidge  (Mrs.  Calvin),  21 
Massasoit  St.,  Northampton,  Mass. 

Baltimore,  Md.  Boston,  Mass.  Burlington,  Vt.  New 
York,  N.Y.  Northern  New  York,  Canton.  Rhode  Island. 
Rochester,  N.Y.  Syracuse,  N.Y.  Toronto,  Canada. 
Washington,  D.  C.  Western  Massachusetts  Alumnae. 


BETA   PROVINCE 

Vice-President  —  Elsa  Schlicht,  210  N.  Sandusky  St.,  Bellevue, 
Ohio. 


FRATERNITY    DIRECTORY  263 

Ann  Arbor,  Mich.  Athens,  Ohio.  Carlisle,  Pa.  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio.  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Columbus,  Ohio.  Detroit, 
Mich.  Hillsdale,  Mich.  Lewisburg,  Pa.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.  Toledo,  Ohio.  Wooster,  Ohio. 


GAMMA   PROVINCE 

Vice-President  —  Lisette  Woerner  Hampton  (Mrs.  W.  S.),  The 
Elmore,  Prospect,  Ky. 

Carthage,  111.  Central  Illinois.  Chicago,  HI.  Decatur, 
111.  Franklin,  Ind.  Galesburg,  111.  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Louisville,  Ky.  Madison,  Wis.  Minneapolis,  and  St.  Paul, 
Minn. 


DELTA   PROVINCE 

Vice-President  —  Edith  Baker,  Webster  Groves,  Mo. 

Ames,  Iowa.  Burlington,  Iowa.  Columbia,  Mo.  Des 
Moines,  Iowa.  Fayetteville,  Ark.  Indianola,  Iowa.  Iowa 
City,  Iowa.  Kansas  City,  Mo.  Lawrence,  Kan.  Lincoln, 
Neb.  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa.  New  Orleans,  La.  Omaha, 
Neb.,  and  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa.  St.  Joseph,  Mo.  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  Springfield,  Mo.  Sioux  City,  la.  Sioux  Falls,  S. 
Dak.  Topeka,  Kan.  Tri-City  Alumnae.  York,  Neb. 


EPSILON   PROVINCE 

Vice-President  —  Emily  Maverick  Miller  (Mrs.  E.  T.),  Univer- 
sity Station,  Austin,  Tex. 

Austin,  Tex.  Boulder,  Colo.  Dallas,  Tex.  Denver,  Colo. 
Houston,  Tex.  Laramie,  Wyo.  Oklahoma  City,  Okla. 
Tulsa,  Okla.  Waco,  Tex. 


264  PI   BETA   PHI    FRATERNITY 

ZETA   PROVINCE 

Vice-President  —  Leta  Horlocker,  418  Blanchard  Building,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Northern  California.  Portland,  Ore. 
Seattle,  Wash.  Spokane,  Wash. 


INDEX 


Advisory  Committees,  84,  111. 

Allen,  Mary  Gilmore-,  178. 

Alpha  Chapter,  74. 

Alpha  Delta  Psi,  61. 

Alpha  Grand,  74,  75,  77,  92,  93, 
94,  195. 

Alpha  Phi,  110,  233. 

Alpha  Phi  Psi,  42. 

Alpha  Sigma  Alpha,  51. 

Alpha  Tau  Omega,  112. 

Alpha  Xi  Theta,  36. 

Alumnae  Association,  82,  83, 
100,  101,  105,  107,  133,  134. 
136. 

Alumnae  and  Associate  Chap- 
ters, 96,  129. 

Alumnae  Club,  139. 

Alumnae  Club  Delegates,  113. 

Alumnae  Club  Ritual,  101. 

Alumnae  Committee,  132. 

Alumnae  Conventions,  134,  135. 

Alumnae  Councils,  106. 

Alumnae  Day,  100. 

Alumnae  Department,  107,  111. 

Alumnae  Editor,  110,  135. 

Alumnae  Members,  116. 

Alumnae  Secretary,  100,  105, 
116,  135. 

Ames  Alumnae  Club,  140. 

Ames  Chapter,  92. 

Ann  Arbor,  Michigan,  37. 

Ann  Arbor  Alumnae  Club,  141. 

Annual  Chapter  Letters,  109. 

Annual  Examinations,  84. 

Annual  Message  of  Grand 
President,  103. 

Annual  Tax,  102. 

Archibald,  Alleyne,  204,  221. 

Arkansas  Alpha,  48. 


Arrow  Editor,  83,  96,  104. 

Arrow  Publication,  99,  100,  102, 
112,  114. 

Arrow  Subscriptions,  96,  106, 
108,  111,  114,  184. 

Asbury  University,  62,  71,  90. 

Athens  Alumnae  Club,  141. 

Austin  (Texas)  Alumnae  Club. 
141. 

Babcock,  Mildred  Babcock-,  223. 

Badge,  22,  80,  84,  97,  108,  109, 
116,  123,  124. 

Baker,  Edith,  118. 

Ball,  Stella  E.  Walter-,  33,  35, 
178. 

Baltimore  Alumnae  Club,  142. 

Bancker,  Mary  Clark-,  184. 

Banta  Publishing  Company, 
189. 

Baptist  Young  Ladies'  Insti- 
tute, 59,  90. 

Barnard  College,  46. 

Barnes,  Mary  E.  Miller-,  178. 

Barrett,  Lulu  Alvord-,  246. 

Bell,  Georgia  Burlingham-,  65. 

Bell,  Sadie  B.  Williams-,  105. 

Bergenthall,  Alice  Dacy-,  185. 

Beta  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  36. 

Beta  Omega  Chapter  of  I.  C.. 
66,  73. 

Beta  Theta  Pi,  19,  95,  99. 

Black,  Nannie  L.  (Mrs.  Wal- 
lace), 19,  21,  31,  58,  59,  71, 
89,  169. 

Blackwelder,  Gertrude  Bough- 
ton-,  82. 

Bloomfield,  Iowa,  92. 

Bloomington,  Indiana,  39. 

Bolles,  Nettie  Hubbard,  178. 


265 


266 


INDEX 


Boston  Alumnae  Club,  142,  223. 
Boston  University,  43. 
Bostwick,  Kate  King-,  115,  135, 

173. 

Boulder  Alumnae  Club,  143. 
Bourne,  Kate  McLoughlan-,  198. 
Bowman,  Flora  S.,  61. 
Branson,    Anna    Jackson- ,  114, 

136,  172. 

Branson,  Bertha  Holland-,  48. 
Brownlee,   Clara    (Mrs.   Hutch- 

inson),  19,  58,  89,  208. 
Brownlee,     Emma     (Mrs.    Kil- 

gore),  19,  20,  21,  58,  72,  89, 

103,  107,  169,  208. 
Brook,    Libbie     (Mrs.    Gaddis), 

19,  20,  31,  32,  58,  71,  89,  107, 

169. 

Brook,  Mary,  31,  33. 
Broomell,   Anna   F.   T.   Pettit-, 

199,  208,  218,  245. 
Bryan,   Helen,   247. 
Bruen,  Ada  C.   (Mrs.  Graham), 

19,   20,  58,  89,   169. 
Buchan,    Lucinda    Smith-,    101, 

102,  104,  171. 
Burlington  (Iowa)  Chapter,  65, 

92. 
Burlington        (Vt.)       Alumnae 

Club,  144. 

Burton,  Abbie  Williams-,  207. 
Butler  College,  43. 
California  Alpha,  39. 
California  Beta,  45. 
Callanan  College,  Iowa,  64,  102. 
Campbell,  Jessie  Craig-,  184. 
Campbell,     Maggie     F.      (Mrs. 

Hughes),   19,  20,   21,   58,   89, 

169. 

Carlisle  Alumnae  Club,   145. 
Carnation  adopted,  98. 
Carpenter,  Edith  L.,  228,  246. 
Carruthers,  Louise,  90,   169. 
Carthage  Alumnae  Club,  144. 
Carthage  College,  63. 
Cartwright,  Belle  Hudson-,  181. 
Cass,   Florence   Chase-,   43,    49, 

102,  136,  171,  196. 
Catalogue,  78,  91,  100,  101,  107, 

111,   136,   197. 


Catt,  Carrie  Chapman-,  99. 
Central  Illinois  Alumnae  Club, 

145. 

Chapter  Houses,  100. 
Chapter  names,  32,  96. 
Charter,   78,   96,    103. 
Chi  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  34. 
Chi  Omega,   110. 
Chicago    Chapter,    92. 
Church,  Gertrude  Clark  Sober-, 

135,  185. 

Cincinnati  Alumnae  Club,  145. 
Clifton,  Lela  Gray-,  48. 
Coat-of-arms,   109,   208. 
Clarinda,  Iowa,  65. 
Clark,  Anna  Ross-,  131. 
Clark,  Edna  A.,  101,  171. 
Clark,  Sarah  Bancroft-,  184. 
Clarke,  Cora  Ross-,  183. 
Cleveland  Alumnae  Club,  146. 
Coe     College,      Cedar     Rapids. 

Iowa,  63. 

Colorado  Alpha,  35. 
Colorado  Beta,  36. 
Colors  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  93,  124. 
Columbia  Alpha,  37. 
Columbia  Alumnae  Club,  146. 
Conrow,     Emma     Hutchinson-, 

185. 
Constitution,  20,  91,  93,  94,  97, 

98,   100,   101,   104,   107. 
Convention,   72,  75,   78,  81,  84, 

102,   106,  114. 
Convention  Funds,  94. 
Convention  Guide,  113. 
Cook,  Fannie  K.  Read-,  106,  135, 

136,  171,  185. 

"Cookie    Shine,"    95,    99,    103, 

105,    106,    115,   211. 
Cooper,  Lillie,  91,  169. 
Craighead,  Elizabeth,  221. 
Culver,  Elizabeth  K.,  41,  43. 
Cunningham,   Imogen,   219. 
Curryer,  Ethel  Rous,   108,  188. 
Custer  Nell  (Mrs.  Swisher),  93, 

94. 

Custodian  of  the  Pin,  84,  93. 
Dallas    (Texas)   Alumnae  Club. 

147. 
Davidson,  Jessie,  42. 


INDEX 


267 


Dawley,  Gertrude,   181. 
Dayton,  Hattie  Cochran-Robin- 

son-,  181,  182. 
Dearborn   Seminary,  63,   72. 
Decatur    (111.)    Alumnae    Club, 

147. 
Delegates  to  Convention,  76.  78, 

81. 

Delta  Delta  Delta,  102,  233,  234. 
Delta    Gamma,    102,    105,    110, 

233,  234. 

Delta  Omega,  130. 
Delta  Tau  Delta,  19. 
Delta  Theta  Psi,  49. 
Denver  Alumnae  Club,  147. 
Des  Moines  Alumnae  Club,  66, 

147. 

Detroit  Alumnae  Club,  148. 
Dickinson  College,  45. 
Disney,  Jennie  Hardin-,  63. 
Ditmars,  Marie,   149,  248. 
Drake  University,  65. 
Droke,  Mary  Inez,  221. 
Drury  College,  51. 
Drybread,    May    Copeland-Rey- 

nolds-,  37,  40,   100,   108,  110, 

136,  170,  172. 
Dunning,  Frances,  49. 
Dutton,  Loretta  Smedley-,  184. 
Elliott,  Carrie  Dorr-,  182. 
Epsilon  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  62. 
Evans,  Sude  Weaver-,  97,  98,  99, 

135,  165,  170. 

Examinations,   Annual,    103. 
Examination  of  pledges,  114. 
Extension  Committee,  82. 
Ewing,  Mrs.  James  W.,  61. 
Fairfield  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  66. 

130. 
Farnsworth,    Charlotte    Allen-. 

46,  104,   171. 
Feyetteville     (Ark.)     Alumnae 

Club,  148. 
Fellowships,  217. 
Ferrier,  Deborah  L.,  200. 
Field,  Charlotte  Shepard-,  187. 
Flagler,  Frances   Elizabeth,  96. 

97,  100,  170. 
Florida  Alpha,  51. 
Franklin,  Effie  June  Scott-,  101. 


Franklin  (Ind.)  Alumnae  Club, 

149. 

Franklin  College,  36. 
Fraternity    Booth    at    World's 

Fair,  102. 
"  Fraternity "       takes       place 

"Sorosis,"  100. 
Founders'  Day,   100. 
Founders  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  19,  71. 
Frye,    Roberta,    46,    199     (see 

Watt). 
Gamble,  Elizabeth,  45,  46,  102. 

105,  106,   107,   110,   113,   171, 
172. 

Gamma  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  32. 
Gamma  Epsilon  Delta,  48. 
Gamma  Omega  Chapter  of  I.  C., 

67. 

Gamma  Phi  Beta,  105,  233,  234. 
Gaynor,  Jessie   Smith-,  204. 
George  Washington  University. 

37. 

Gladson,  Mrs.  W.  N.,  48. 
Goddess  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  124. 
Goucher  College,  43. 
Grand  Alphas,  or  Conventions, 

72,  74,  75,  77,  78,  89,  90,  91. 

92,  93,  94,  95,  96,  98,  99,  101. 
Grand  Council,  78,  81,  104,  108, 

109. 

Grand  Historian,  80,  107. 
Grand  Officers,  169. 
Grand  President,  104. 
Grand  Secretary,  104. 
Grand  Treasurer,  104,  116. 
Grand   Vice-President,    83,    105. 

106,  135. 
Gregg,  Love,  62. 

Griest,  Katherine,   199,  200. 
Griffith,  Ida  Greeley  Smith-,  45, 

104,  105,  171. 
Grip  of  Fraternity,  20. 
Grosvenor,  Grace,  42,  43,  104. 
Guide,  80,  83,  104,   108. 
Haddock,     Emma     Humphrey-, 

165,  181. 
Hamilton,  Ethel  B.  Allen-,  104, 

171,  178,  179,  203. 
Hammond,  Edith,  207. 
Harris,  Mary,  135,  245. 


268 


INDEX 


Harrison,  Emily  Brooks-,  165. 
Harrison,  Maude  S.,  61. 
Harshbarger,  Dema,  246. 
Hastings  College,  61. 
Hazelton,  Anna  S.,  135. 
Hazelton,  Lillie  S.,  132. 
Heberd,  Grace  Raymond,  49. 
Hefter,  Celia,  92. 
Helmick,  Elizabeth  Clarke-,  117, 

173,  246. 

Hillsdale  Alumnae  Club,  149. 
Hillsdale  College,  36. 
Historical   Sketch,    107. 
Historical  Study,  103. 
Holland,  Bertha,  43. 
Holt  House,  20. 
Hood,  Loretta,  40. 
Hoover,  Tola,  91,  169. 
Home,  Jennie  (Mrs.  Turnbull), 

19,  58,  107,  169. 
Houston  Alumnae  Club,  149. 
Howard,  Lela,  204. 
Howard,  Rena  Reynolds-,  35. 
Huber,  Lucy  Parker-,  184. 
Hubbs,  Julia  Ferris-,  95,  170. 
Hulley,  Eloise  Mayham-,  51. 
Humphrey,    Jean    Oliver-,    94, 

170. 

Hurlburt,  Ada,  44. 
Hutchinson,  Mary  S.,  135. 
I.  C.  Sorosis,  19,  79,  95,  97. 
Illinois  Alpha,  58. 
Illinois  Beta,  33. 
Illinois  Gamma,  63. 
Illinois  Delta,  35. 
Illinois   Epsilon,  40. 
Illinois  Zeta,  42. 
Illinois  Eta,  49. 
Illinois    Wesleyan    College,    62, 

90. 

Incorporation,  80,  165. 
Indiana  Alpha,  36. 
Indiana  Beta,  39. 
Indiana  Gamma,  43. 
Indianola,  Iowa,  79,  90,  92,  95. 
Indianola  Alumnae  Club,  150. 
Indianapolis      Alumnae      Club, 

150, 

Ingersoll,   Edith,    103,    171. 
Initiation,  93,  98,  102. 


Iota  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  33,  195. 
Iowa  Agricultural  College,  91. 
Iowa  Alpha  of  I.  C.,  32,  76. 
Iowa  Beta,  33,  34,  75,  91,  195. 
Iowa  City  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  67, 

92,  130. 

Iowa  City  Convention,  93. 
Iowa  City  Alumnae  Club,  150. 
Iowa  Gamma,  34. 
Iowa  Iota,  67. 
Iowa  Theta,  66,  73. 
Iowa  Kappa,  101. 
Iowa  Lambda,  65. 
Iowa  State  College,  34. 
Iowa  State  University,  34. 
Iowa  State  Normal  School,  65. 
Iowa  Wesleyan  University,  25, 

32,  76,  89,  90. 
Iowa  Zeta,  34,  101. 
Jacksonville,    Illinois,    92. 
Jacksonville   Female   Academy, 

60,  72. 
Janvier,   Celeste,   48,    111,    112, 

115,  172. 
Johnson,    Elsie   Bradford-,    104, 

105,  171. 

Johnson,  Kate  Walker-,  113. 
Johnson,  Mary  Cooper-,   113. 
Jones,  Sadie  Young-,  65. 
Kansas  Alpha,  33,  211. 
Kansas     City    Alumnae     Club, 

150. 
Kansas    State    University,    33, 

90,  91. 
Kappa    Alpha    Theta,    73,    101, 

110,  233,  234. 
Kappa  Kappa  Gamma,  25,  73, 

96,  110,  112,  233. 
Kappa  Omega  of  I.  C.,  67. 
Kappa  Tau  Tau,  46. 
Keller,   May   Lansfield,   47,   49, 

51,  53,  61,  112,  113,  114,  116, 

117,  172,  173,  246. 
Kelley,    Edna    McElravy-Smal- 

ley-,  183. 
Kerns,  Cora  E.  Marlowe-,  112, 

136,  172. 
Kimball,  Martha  Nutter-,   106, 

108,  110,  172. 
Kinzie,  Sue  Miles,  178. 


INDEX 


269 


Knapp,  Mrs.  Herman,  100. 

Knox   College,   35. 

Lamb,  Elizabeth,  43. 

Lamb,  Helen,  43. 

Lambda   Chapter   of  I.   C.,  33, 

58,  63,  75,  195. 
Lambda  Omega,  130. 
Lamson,  Flora  Blackburn-,  61. 
Lamson,  Maud  Hicks-,  135. 
Langmaid,  Abbie  B.,  247. 
Lansing,  Mae,  41. 
Laramie  Alumnae  Club,  152. 
Lardner,    Lida    Burkhard-,    52, 

117,  136,  173. 
Law,  Ethel,  96. 
Lawrence,  Kansas,  94,  99,  131. 
Lawrence    Chapter,    92,   93. 
Lawrence  Alumnae  Chapter,  67, 

150. 
Leech,  Belle  Re  Qua-,  79,  95,  96. 

170,  177. 

Lewis,  Anna  Lena,  39. 
Lewis,  Susan,  103,  104,  105,  106, 

108,  171,  172. 

Lewisburg  Alumnae  Club,  150. 
Light,  Laura,  91,  169. 
Lincoln  Alumnae  Club,  152. 
Literary  Bureau,  82,  100. 
Loan  Funds,  217,  222. 
Lombard  University,  33,  90,  92. 

93. 

Lord,  Nannie  Thompson-,  63. 
Los  Angeles  Alumnae  Club,  152. 
Louisiana  Alpha,  38,  99,  103. 
Louisiana  Alpha  Alumnae  Club, 

152. 
Louisville  (Ky.)  Alumnae  Club. 

152. 

Lukens,  Viola,  203. 
Luther,  Martha  P.,  44. 
Madden,  Emma,  90,  169. 
Madison  Alumnae  Club,  153. 
Mahler,  Eva  Elliott-,  181,  182. 
Maris,  Lucy,  39. 
Martin,  Elizabeth  Cook-,  34. 
Marvin,  Josephine  March-,  179. 
Maryland  Alpha,  43. 
Mashek,  Anna  L.,  45. 
Massachusetts  Alpha,  43. 
Maxwell,  Helen,   196. 


McClanahan,    Nettie    Braiden-, 

63. 

McDowell,  Flora  Housel-,  64. 
McHenry,  Olive,  101,  171. 
McLaughlin,  Anna,  96. 
Means,  Clara  Poehler-,  179. 
Membership  in  Pi  Phi,  104,  111. 
Merriman,  Mrs.  E.  N.,  48. 
Michigan  Alpha,  36,  196. 
Michigan  Beta,  37. 
Middfeton,   Elizabeth,  39. 
Miller,  Kate  B.,  118,  246. 
Milliken  University,  James,  49. 
Minnesota  Alpha,  38. 
Minneapolis      and      St.      Paul 

Alumnae  Club,  153. 
Missouri  Alpha,  44. 
Missouri  Beta,  47. 
Missouri  Gamma,  51. 
Monmouth  College,   19,  58,  74, 

75,  76,  89,  90,  91,  92. 
Moor,  Lillie  M.  Selby-,  61,  181. 
Moore,  Rose,  19,  58,  89. 
Morgan,  Dell  Gillette-,  145,  247. 
Motto,  79,  80,  93,  95,  97. 
Mt.  Pleasant  Alumnae  Chapter 

of  I.  C.,  67,  91,  130. 
Mt.    Pleasant    Alumnae    Club, 

153. 

Mt.   Pleasant   Chapter,  92. 
Mt.  Pleasant  Female  Seminary. 

59,  72,  90. 

Mu  Beta  Fraternity,  52. 
Mu  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  34. 
Name  of  Fraternity,  100. 
National  Conventions,  136. 
1st  and  2d,  89. 
3d  and  4th,  90. 
5th,    91. 
6th,    92. 
7th,    93. 
8th,    94. 
9th,    95. 

10th,  96. 

llth,  98. 

12th,  99. 

13th,  101. 

14th,  102. 

15th,  103. 

16th,  104. 


270 


INDEX 


17th,  105. 

18th,  106. 

19th,  108. 

20th,  110. 

21st,  113. 

22nd,  115. 

National  Organization,  21. 
Nebraska  Beta,  41,  61,  115. 
Nebraska  Methodist  College, 

64. 
Nebraska  Wesleyan  University, 

64. 
Newcomb    College,    H.    Sophie, 

38. 

Newsom,  Ona  H.  Payne-,  101. 
New  York  Alpha,  42. 
New  York  Alumnae  Club,  154. 
New  York  Beta,  46. 
New  York  Gamma,  52. 
Nickerson,      Anna      Robinson-, 

113. 

Nicol,  Jennie,  19,  89. 
Norris,  Dr.  Phoebe  R.,  101,  135. 
Northern    California    Alumnae 

Club,  154. 
Northern   New   York   Alumnae 

Club,  154. 

Northwestern  University,  40. 
Nu  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  35,  65. 

Ohio  Alpha,  37. 
Ohio  Beta,  40. 
Ohio  Gamma,  61. 
Ohio  State  University,  40. 
Oklahoma  Alpha,  48. 
Oklahoma  Alumnae  Club,  154. 
Omega  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  35,  66. 
Omega  Gamma  Sigma,  54. 
Omicron  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  65,  73. 
Onken,  Amy  Burnham,  117,  173. 
Ontario  Alpha,  47. 
Oquawka    Convention,    31,    72, 

89. 

Ottumwa  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  66. 
Ottumwa  Convention,  79. 

Pallas  Athenae,  98. 

Cora  Panabaker,  92,  93,  169. 

Pan-Hellenic   Conventions,   109, 

233. 
Pardoe,  Lizzie  Guthrie-,  60. 


Patroness'  Pin,  109,  112. 
Patton,  Emma,  90,  91,  169. 
Peery,  Bessie,  183. 
Pella   College,   59. 
Pennsylvania  Alpha,  39. 
Pennsylvania  Beta,  41. 
Pennsylvania  Gamma,  45. 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  96,  99. 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  19,  98. 
Phi  Psi,  95,  96. 
Philadelphia      Alumnae      Club, 

155. 

Phillips,  Luella  Vance-,  61. 
Pi  Beta  Phi  Fraternity,  97,  98, 

109,    114,    116,    118,   123,    124, 

142,  145,  148,  182,  207. 

Birth,  19. 

First  Meeting,  20. 

First  Constitution,  20,  21. 

Grip,    20. 

Second  Meeting,  20. 

National  Organization,  21. 

Badge,  21. 

First  Officers,  21. 

Change   of  name,   80,  97. 
Pittsburgh  Alumnae  Club,  155. 
Plank,  Elva,  79,  93,  95,  96,  97, 

169. 

Plans  for  Organization,  77,  93. 
Policy,  109,  111,   114. 
Pollard,  Mary  0.,  247,  248. 
Portland  Alumnae  Club,   156. 
Preston,  Kate  F.,  31,  62,  71,  90. 
Province  Organizations,  84,  98. 

99,   102,   116. 
Province    Presidents,    99,    100, 

101,    102,   103,    104,    105,   106, 

107,  108,  110,  113,  115. 
Province   Reunions   or  Conven- 
tions, 83,  101. 
Province   Secretaries,    111,   115, 

117. 
Province     Vice-Presidents,     84, 

116,  117. 

Psi  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  60. 
Quaintance,   Adaline    M.,   41. 
Recognition   pin,    116,    123. 
Reisinger,  Blanche  G.,   142. 
Reynolds,  Belle  T.,  41. 
Rho  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  63. 


INDEX 


271 


Rhode    Island    Alumnae    Club, 

156. 

Richards,   Louise  Parks-,   59. 
Richardson,  Sara,  31,  33,  211. 
Ricketts,    Minnie    H.    Newby-, 

37,   38,   80,   98,   99,    100,    101, 

170. 
Ried,    Mary    Thompson-,     135, 

183. 

Ritual,  98,  101. 
Robert's  Rules  of  Order,  96. 
Robinson,   Eileen   M.   Weaver-, 

217,  218. 

Robinson,  Ella  Ham-,  182,  183. 
Robinson,  Florence  P.,  105,  106, 

108,   110,   113,    171,   172,   185, 

186,  187,  189. 

Rochester  Alumnae  Club,  156. 
Rogers,     Julia     E.,     114,     172, 

245. 

Roll  of  Active  Chapters,  11. 
Roll   of   Inactive   Chapters,   14. 
Rowell,  Georgiana,  99,  170,  189. 
Rowell,  Jennie  L.,  223. 
Rugg,    Sarah    Gertrude    Pome- 

roy-,  112,  116,  117,  172,  173, 

189,  190,  219,  220. 
St.  Joseph  Alumnae  Club,  157. 
St.  Lawrence  University,  52. 
St.  Louis  Alumnae  Club,  158. 
Salaries  of  Grand  Officers,  114, 

136 

Scholarships,  109,  111,  114,  217. 
Scholarship,        The        Lucinda 

Smith -Buchan,  151. 
Seattle  Alumnae  Club,  157. 
Shannon,  Mary  E.,  204. 
Sherwood,  Florence,  42. 
Shover,   Esther   Fay,   188. 
Sigma  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  60. 
Simpson  College,  33,  75,  91,  92. 
Sioux  City  Alumnae  Club,  156. 
Sioux  Falls  Alumnae  Club,  156. 
Sisson,  Grace  Lass-,  40,  42,  43, 

44,  46,  101,  102,  103,  104,  171. 
Small,     Rainie    Adamson-,    36, 

79,  95,  96,  97,  98,  99,  123,  165, 

170. 
Smith,  Elda  L.,  47,  61,  108,  110, 

112,  116,  172. 


Smith,    Elizabeth    Church,    41, 

203. 
Smith,  Ina  B.  (Mrs.  Soule),  19, 

58. 

Smith,  Lelia  Lane-,  135. 
Sober,  Gertrude  Clark-,  41,  186. 
Song  Book,    101. 
Sparks,  Sarah  F.,  135. 
Spokane  Alumnae  Club,  158. 
Springfield  Alumnae  Club,  158. 
State   Institute,    (Bloomington, 

Ind.),  62,  90. 

State  Organizations,  77,  92. 
Statutes,  107. 
Steel,  Alice  Johnson-,  65. 
Stern,  Amelia  Alpiner-,  104. 
Sterrett,  Mary,  90,  169. 
Sterrett,    Sarah   M.,    135. 
Stetson  University,  J.  B.,  51. 
Stidger,  Helena  Dorr-,  35. 
Stine,  Corinne  Super-,  100,  101, 

171,  195. 

Stock,  Leah,  149,  248. 
Stuart,  Anne,  117,  173,  204. 
Sturgis,   Annis,   44. 
Sutliff,  Addie,  36. 
Sutliff,  Helen  B.,  36,  41,  99,  100, 

101,  102,  170,  171,  183. 
Swisher,    Nell    Custer-,    93,   94. 

169,  170,  178. 
Sylvester,    Alice    Pierce-,    135, 

185. 

Syracuse  Alumnae  Club,  158. 
Syracuse  University,  42. 
Tannahill,  Anna  Lytle-,  50. 
Tau  Beta,  46. 
Tau  Chapter  at  Galesburg,  35, 

63. 

Texas  Alpha,  45. 
Theiss,    Mary    Bartol-,    45,    46, 

105,    106,    108,   112,   115,    116, 

171,  172,  189,  190,  197,  203. 
Theta  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  62. 
Thompson,   Fannie   A.,    19,    58, 

89. 
Titles   of   General   Officers,   74, 

76,  78,  80,  91. 

Toledo  Alumnae  Club,  159. 
Tomlinson,  Emma,  65. 
Topeka  Alumnae  Club,  159. 


272 


INDEX 


Toronto  Alumnae   Club,   159. 
Tourtellotte,  Louise,  49. 
Travelling    Delegate,    83,    104, 

107. 

Tri  City  Alumnae  Club,  160. 
Troth,  Mira,  79,  100,  170,  182, 

183. 

Tulsa  Alumnae  Club,  160. 
Turner,  Emma  Harper,  37,  83, 

97,  98,  99,  100,  101,  133,  134, 

136,  165,  170,  245. 
Tuthill,  Addie  Dickey-,  181. 
Tyler,  Zuell  Preston-,  39. 
Undergraduate  Loan  Fund,  114, 

116. 

University  of  Arkansas,  48. 
University  of  Colorado,  35. 
University  of  Denver,  36. 
University  of  Illinois,  42. 
University  of  Indiana,  39. 
University  of  Michigan,  37. 
University  of  Missouri,  44. 
University  of  Ohio,  61. 
University  of  Oklahoma,  48. 
University  of  Texas,  45. 
University  of  Toronto,  47. 
University   of   Vermont,   44. 
University  of  Washington,  46. 
University  of  Wisconsin,  41. 
University   of  Wyoming,  49. 
Upsilon  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  35. 
Valet,  Edith,  200. 
Vance,  Laurie  Light-,  101. 
Vermont  Alpha,  40. 
Vermont  Beta,  44. 
Virginia    Alpha,    51. 
Von    Hoist,    Lucy    Hammond-, 

247. 

Von  Hon,  Ida,  196. 
Waco  Alumnae  Club,  161. 
Wadsworth,     Mary     Mathilda. 

217,  218. 

Walfenden,  Florence  E.,  183. 
Wallace,  Prude  Kibbon-,  59. 
Waller,  Miriam  Prindle-,  135. 

186. 


Walls,  M.  Annette  Jones-,  60. 

Ware,  Loe  Mary,  43. 

Washington  Alpha,  46. 

Washington  Alumnae  Club, 
114,  160. 

Washington  Beta,  50. 

Washington  State  College. 
(Pullman),  50. 

Washington  University,  (Seat- 
tle), 47. 

Watt,  Roberta  Frye-,  46,  199. 

Welch,  Iva  A.,  186,  187. 

Wesleyan  College,   60,  94. 

Western  Massachusetts  Alum- 
nae Club,  161. 

"What  a  Fraternity  Girl 
Thinks,"  184. 

Whistle  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  125. 

Whitenack,  Fannie  B.  (Mrs. 
Libby),  19,  20,  58,  107. 

Widner,  Dessie,  35. 

Wilson,  Edith,   149,   248. 

Wilson,  Elmira,  223. 

Wilson,  Estaline,  221,  222. 

Wilson,  Mary  Badger,  218,  219. 

Wing,  Emma  Livingston,  94, 
170,  178. 

Wisconsin  Alpha,  41. 

Woman's  Pan-Hellenic  Con- 
gress, 82. 

Woodman,  Sophie  P.,  172,  173, 
189. 

Wooster  Alumnae  Club,  161. 

World's  Columbian  Exposition, 
82. 

Wright,  Mary  L.  Burton-,  38. 

Wyoming  Alpha,  49. 

Xi  Tau,  47. 

Yell  of  Pi  Beta  Phi,  125. 

York  Alumnae  Club,  162. 

Young,  Margaret,  248. 

Zeppenfeld,  Jeannette,  110,  112 
172. 

Zeta  Chapter  of  I.  C.,  59. 

Zeta  Omega  Chapter  of  I.  C.: 
66,  73. 


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